IIIF and JSON-LD: LODLAM Training Day
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Transcript of IIIF and JSON-LD: LODLAM Training Day
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International Image Interoperability Framework and JSON-LD
Robert Sanderson [email protected] [email protected] @azaroth42 #iiif Digital Library Systems and Services Stanford University
http://iiif.io/
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Cultural Heritage is Steadily being Digitized
MS Richardson 7, Houghton Library, Harvard University
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To What End?
Grain elevators, Caldwell, Idaho, by Lee Russell, 1941. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/fsac.1a34206/
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Co-operate?
Grain elevators, Caldwell, Idaho, by Lee Russell, 1941. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/fsac.1a34206/
?
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Remember...
https://www.flickr.com/photos/elviskennedy/10382501363/ cc-by-nc-nd
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Remember...
https://www.flickr.com/photos/elviskennedy/10382501363/ cc-by-nc-nd
Valuable Content
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Remember...
https://www.flickr.com/photos/elviskennedy/10382501363/ cc-by-nc-nd
Valuable Content
Ugly Construction
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EU Federation: Europeana
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EU Federation: Europeana
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From Europeana to Many One-Off Apps
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And Out Again...
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To Complexity
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US Federation: DPLA
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US Federation: DPLA
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From DPLA to Many One-Off Apps
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And Out Again...
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To Complexity
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US Federation: DPLA
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Out to Ege 1 in South Carolina
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Meet Otto and Ben
Otto Ege, 20th c. Biblioclast
Ben Albritton 21st c. Manuscript
Scholar
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Meet Otto and Ben
Otto Ege, 20th c. Biblioclast
Ben Albritton 21st c. Manuscript
Scholar
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Otto Ege MS 1, as of 1940
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Remnants of Otto Ege MS 1, as of 2014
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Remnants of Otto Ege MS 1, as of 2014
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Stanford’s Leaves of Ege MS 1
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http://iiif.io/
Global community and framework for sharing and delivering images, especially for Cultural Heritage, using standard APIs
via jointly developed and supported software.
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IIIF Community
• ARTstor • Bibliothèque Nationale de
France • Bodleian Libraries, Oxford
University • British Library • Cambridge University • Cornell University • DPLA • Europeana • e-codices • Harvard University
• Johns Hopkins University • National Library of Denmark • National Library of New Zealand • National Library of Norway • National Library of Poland • National Library of Wales • Princeton University • St. Louis University • Stanford University • Wellcome Trust • UK National Archives • Yale University
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Two APIs: Image and Presentation
Image API: http://iiif.io/api/image/2.0/
Two parts: Actual Pixels, Technical Metadata (JSON-LD) Presentation API: http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2.0/
Based on Shared Canvas data model (in JSON-LD)
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IIIF Image API
Base URL: {scheme}://{host}{/prefix}/{identifier}!Image Resource: {base}/{region}/{size}/{rotation}/{quality}.{format}!!
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IIIF Image API
Base URL: {scheme}://{host}{/prefix}/{identifier}!Image Resource: {base}/{region}/{size}/{rotation}/{quality}.{format}!!
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IIIF Image API
Base URL: {scheme}://{host}{/prefix}/{identifier}!Image Resource: {base}/{region}/{size}/{rotation}/{quality}.{format}!!
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IIIF Image API
Base URL: {scheme}://{host}{/prefix}/{identifier}!Image Resource: {base}/{region}/{size}/{rotation}/{quality}.{format}!!
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IIIF Image API
Base URL: {scheme}://{host}{/prefix}/{identifier}!Image Resource: {base}/{region}/{size}/{rotation}/{quality}.{format}!!
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IIIF Image API
Base URL: {scheme}://{host}{/prefix}/{identifier}!Image Resource: {base}/{region}/{size}/{rotation}/{quality}.{format}!!
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IIIF Image API: Region
Image Resource: {base}/{region}/{size}/{rotation}/{quality}.{format}!!!• Full Image: {base}/full/full/0/default.jpg!!
• Area by Pixels: {base}/100,100,640,480/full/0/default.jpg!!
• Area by Percentage: {base}/pct:50,50,33,33/full/0/default.jpg!
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IIIF Image API: Size
Image Resource: {base}/{region}/{size}/{rotation}/{quality}.{format}!!
• Full Image: {base}/full/full/0/default.jpg!
• Size by Pixels, forced aspect: {base}/full/640,480/0/default.jpg!
• Size by Pixels, aspect preserved: {base}/full/!640,480/0/default.jpg!
• Size by Percentage: {base}/full/pct:50/0/default.jpg!• Size by Width, or by Height: ! {base}/full/,480/0/default.jpg! {base}/full/640,/0/default.jpg !
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IIIF Image API: Rotation
Image Resource: {base}/{region}/{size}/{rotation}/{quality}.{format}!!
• Full Image: {base}/full/full/0/default.jpg!!
• 90 degree Rotation: {base}/full/full/90/default.jpg! {base}/full/full/180/default.jpg!!
• Arbitrary Rotation: {base}/full/full/27.6/default.jpg !• Mirroring: {base}/full/full/!0/default.jpg!!!
!
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IIIF Image API: Quality
Image Resource: {base}/{region}/{size}/{rotation}/{quality}.{format}!!
• Full Image: {base}/full/full/0/default.jpg!!
• Explicit Option: {base}/full/full/0/color.jpg! {base}/full/full/0/gray.jpg! {base}/full/full/0/bitonal.jpg!!!
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IIIF Image API: Format
Image Resource: {base}/{region}/{size}/{rotation}/{quality}.{format}!!
• Full Image: {base}/full/full/0/default.jpg!!
• Other Options: {base}/full/full/0/default.png! {base}/full/full/0/default.tif! {base}/full/full/0/default.gif! {base}/full/full/0/default.jp2! {base}/full/full/0/default.pdf! {base}/full/full/0/default.webp!!!
!
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2.0 Implementations
Image Server: Loris https://github.com/pulibrary/loris
Viewer: Open Seadragon https://github.com/openseadragon/openseadragon
Demo: http://libimages.princeton.edu/osd-demo/?feedme=pudl0123%2F8172070%2F01%2F00000001.jp2
1.1 Implementations: Server: Loris, IIPserver, Freelib-Djatoka, RIIIF, Pi3f, ... Viewer: Open Seadragon, Wellcome Trust Player, TsangDragon, ...
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Development Infrastructure
Reference Implementation: https://iiif.io/api/image/2.0/example/reference/ 67352ccc-d1b0-11e1-89ae-279075081939
Server Validator: http://iiif.io/api/image/validator/
Server Shims: ContentDM Chronicling America Cloudinary Djatoka Luratech ICS FSI Image Server
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IIIF Image API: Technical Info
Information Resource, in JSON-LD: {base}/info.json!!!!!!
{! "@context": "http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json",! "@id": "http://www.example.org/iiif/book1-p1",! "height": 6000,! "width": 4000,! "tiles": [{"scale_factors": [ 1, 2, 4, 8 ], "width": 512}],! "sizes": [{"width": 400, "height": 600},! {"width": 2000, "height": 3000}! ],! "profile": ["http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json",! {"formats": ["pdf", "gif"],! "qualities": ["color", "gray"]}! ]!}! !
!!
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"RDF/XML was the Semantic Web's 3 Mile Island" Manu Sporny, http://manu.sporny.org/2012/nuclear-rdf/
by Z22 - http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Three_Mile_Island_Nuclear_Generating_Station_Unit_2.jpg
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"RDF/XML was the Semantic Web's 3 Mile Island"
Cleaning Up the Mess: Stop talking about RDF Focus on tools Focus on developers More "Dogfooding" JSON-LD http://json-ld.org/ John G. Kemeny et al. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:TMI_cleanup-2.jpg
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http://json-ld.org/
• Uses popular JSON format • Uses regular JSON idioms • Can often use existing JSON formats without change • Maps into RDF using a "context" definition
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JSON-LD Basics
• {} is a node in the graph • @id key gives the subject, omit to create a blank node • Other keys are predicates, values are objects {! "@id": "http://stanford.edu/~azaroth/#me",! "label": "Rob Sanderson", ! "height": 183!}! Remember kids, curly brackets are the new angle brackets.
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JSON-LD Basics
• @type gives the class (rdf:type) • New nodes are chained inline
{! "@id": "http://stanford.edu/~azaroth/#me",! "@type": "Person",! "label": "Rob Sanderson", ! "hasPet": {! "@id": "http://stanford.edu/~azaroth/miya/#cat",! "@type": "Cat",! "height": 40! }!}!
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JSON-LD
• Lists are multiple instances of a predicate • ... or an rdf:List • Can collapse @id to just a string
{! "@id": "http://stanford.edu/~azaroth/#me",! "@type": "Person",! "label": ["Rob Sanderson", "Robert Sanderson"], ! "playlist": [! "http://music.example.com/songs/1.mp3",! "http://music.example.com/songs/2.mp3",! "http://music.example.com/songs/3.mp3"! ]!}!
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Magic????
• @context provides a mapping to RDF • Can define prefixes and predicates {! "@context": {! "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/",! "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",! "Person": "foaf:Person",! "label": "rdfs:label"! },! "@id": "http://stanford.edu/~azaroth/#me",! "@type": "Person",! "label": "Rob Sanderson"!}!
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Magic????
• Can define the expected type of object {! "@context": {! "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/",! "Person": "foaf:Person",! "hasPet": {! "@id": "http://example.com/ns/hasPet",! "@type": "@id"! }! },! "@id": "http://stanford.edu/~azaroth/#me",! "@type": "Person",! "hasPet": "http://stanford.edu/~azaroth/miya/#cat"!}!
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Magic????
• Can define the meaning of a JSON list • Can redefine properties without changing representation {! "@context": {! "playlist": {! "@id": "http://eg.com/ns/hasPlaylist",! "@type": "@id",! "@container": "@list"! },! "label": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name"! },! "@id": "http://stanford.edu/~azaroth/#me",! "label": ["Rob Sanderson", "Robert Sanderson"],! "playlist": ["..."]!}!
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Magic????
• Context can be external (and thus shared) !{ ! "@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json",! "@id": "http://www.example.org/iiif/book1-p1",! "height": 6000,! "width": 4000,! "tiles": [{"scale_factors": [1, 2, 4, 8], "width": 512}],! "sizes": [{"width": 400, "height": 600},! {"width": 2000, "height": 3000}],! "profile": ["http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json",! {"formats": ["pdf", "gif"],! "qualities": ["color", "gray"]}! ]!}!
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IIIF Presentation API
Just enough metadata to support a client presenting the digital Cultural Heritage Object for the user to understand what she is interacting with Why “Presentation API”?
• NOT a[nother] full semantic, bibliographic metadata “standard” • NOT (necessarily) an internal format: transform into it • Linked Open Data (JSON-LD) • Rationalization of (abstract) Shared Canvas data model • Full support for annotation via Open Annotation
• http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2.0/
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Shared Canvas
• A Canvas is an empty space in which to build up a display
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Shared Canvas
• A Canvas is an empty space in which to build up a display • A SharedCanvas's top left and bottom right corners correspond to the equivalent corners of a page
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Shared Canvas / Open Annotation
• Annotation links Image with Canvas
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Shared Canvas / Open Annotation
• Annotation links Text with Canvas
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Shared Canvas / Open Annotation
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Benefits of Canvas Notion Multiple Images of same page
• Multi-spectral imaging, multiple digitizations, …
Archimedes Palimpsest Multi-Spectral Images http://www.archimedespalimpsest.org/
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Benefits of Canvas Notion
No image of the page • Hypothetical, lost, too fragile to digitize, …
This page intentionally, but unfortunately,
left blank
Countless manuscripts, all around the world!
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Benefits of Canvas Notion Partial images
• Fragments of page, details in high resolution, …
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Benefits of Canvas Notion Non Image and External content
• Text – transcription, translation, edition, … • Non-text transcription: diagrams, music • Non text performance: audio, video
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Shared Canvas: Primary Resources
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Shared Canvas: All Resources
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IIIF Presentation API: JSON-LD
{! "@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json",! "@id":"http://www.example.org/iiif/book1/canvas/p1.json",! "@type":"sc:Canvas”,! "label":"p. 1”,! "height":1000,! "width":750,! "images": [! {"@type":"oa:Annotation”,! // annotation linking image to canvas …! }],! "other_content": [! {"@type":"sc:AnnotationList",! // reference to list of non-image annotations …! }]!} !
!!
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Development Infrastructure
Reference Sets: https://iiif.io/api/presentation/2.0/example/fixtures/collection.json https://iiif.io/api/presentation/2.0/example/errors/collection.json
Validator: http://iiif.io/api/presentation/validator/ Implementation Library: https://github.com/IIIF/presentation-api/tree/master/implementations/ manifest-factory
Shims: ContentDM Chronicling America METS [+ALTO]
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Open Annotation: Community Group
Established W3C Community Group in 2011 Currently 5th Largest of 177 groups: 128 participants Today is final day for Annotation Working Group charter review!
http://www.w3.org/community/openannotation/
Interoperability between Annotation systems and platforms, by …following the Architecture of the Web …reusing existing web standards …providing a single, coherent model to implement …which is orthogonal to the domain of interest …without requiring adoption of specific platforms …while maintaining low implementation costs
Mission:
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Open Annotation: Basic Data Model
http://www.openannotation.org/spec/core/
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Technical Demo: Mise-en-Page
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Mirador
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Mirador2
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Wellcome Player
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Remnants of Otto Ege MS 1, as of 2014
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Otto Ege MS 1, Reconstructed, in 2014
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Otto Ege MS 1, Reconstructed, in 2014
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Thank You
Robert Sanderson [email protected] [email protected] @azaroth42 Web: http://iiif.io/ http://www.openannotation.org/ Slides: http://www.slideshare.net/ azaroth42/ ...