III. Layers of the Earth
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Transcript of III. Layers of the Earth
III. Layers of the Earth
IV. Plate Boundaries
IV. Plate BoundariesA. Plates move by convection currents in mantle
Plate movement
B. Convergent Plate Boundary
PLATES TYPEWhat
Happens?Resulting Features
Location
Oceanic + Oceanic
Subduction zone
More dense
subducts
volcanic islands
Aleutian Islands,
Philippines
Ocean + Continent
Subduction zone
Oceanic subducts
volcanic mtns
Andes, Cascades
Continent + Continent Collision
Plates push up mountains Himalayas
Ocean-Ocean (Subduction)
Ocean-Continent (Subduction)
Continent-Continent (Collision)
C. Divergent Plate Boundary
PLATES TYPE What Happens?
Resulting Features Location
Oceanic + Oceanic
Spreading Center
New young crust rises up to fill in gap, which
also fills with H2O
Mid-Ocean Ridges
Mid Atlantic Ridge, Iceland
Continent + Continent
Spreading Center
Bodies of water Red Sea
D. Transform Fault Boundary
PLATES What Happens? Resulting Features Location
Ocean + Ocean
Plates slide past each other
Fault Lines, Earthquakes,
Tsunami
Indian Ocean Tsunami
Continent + Continent
Plates slide past each other
Fault Lines, Earthquakes
San Andreas Fault
V. Seafloor Spreading• Oceanic crust is only about 200 million years old, where continental crust is about 3.5 billion years old!
• Oceanic crust is constantly being made and subducted.
V. Seafloor Spreading
OLD
YOUNG
VI. Hot SpotsA. Caused by rising
mantle plumesB. Create Volcanoes and
Volcanic Islands1. Hawaiian Islands2. Yellowstone National
Park 3. Azores4. Galapagos
Hawaiian Islands
VI. Hot Spots