II Semester Sl. No. Subject Code Subject Credits Semmtech.… · Convolutional Codes: The Viterbi...

II Semester

Sl. No. Subject Code Subject Credits

1 PEC221C Statistical Signal Processing 4.0

2 PEC222C Wireless Communication 4.0

3 PEC223C RF and Microwave Circuit Design 4.0

4 PEC224C Error Control Codes 4.0

5 Elective – I 4.0

PEC225E Wireless Ad hoc Networks

PEC226E Speech Processing

PEC227E Network Security

6 Elective – I 4.0

PEC228E Advances in VLSI Design

PEC229E MEMS in Communication

PEC230E Simulation and Modeling Analysis

7 PEC231L Communication Engineering Laboratory - II 2.0

Total 26.0

Course Title: Statistical Signal Processing Course Code: PEC221C

Credits: 4 Teaching Hours: 52 Hrs (13 Hrs/Unit)

Contact Hours: 4 Hrs/Week

CIE Marks: 50 SEE Marks: 50 Total Marks: 100

Department : Electronics and Communication Engg.

Designation : Core

Prerequisites : Digital Signal Processing, Probability and Random Variables

Course Objectives:

1) To provide a broad and coherent treatment of statistical signal processing concepts, techniques and

algorithms.

2) To introduce different techniques of discrete-time signal modeling.

3) To provide a comprehensive treatment of optimum estimation, filtering and power spectrum

estimation.

4) To provide knowledge of signal processing techniques for applications dealing with information

extraction in real time situations governed by random processes and probabilistic models.

Course Outcomes:

A student who successfully completes this course should be able to

1) Differentiate between digital signal processing and statistical signal processing.

2) Characterize random variables, random process, time varying signals and systems.

3) Model deterministic and non-deterministic signals.

4) Use recursion algorithms and design adaptive filters.

5) Use accurate spectrum estimation techniques in the development of transform domain based DSP

algorithms.

The topics that enable to meet the above objectives and course outcomes are given below:

Unit I (13 hours) Discrete time random process: Introduction, Random variables, Definitions, Jointly distributed random

variables, Joint moments, Independent, Uncorrelated, Orthogonal random variables, Gaussian random

variables, Random processes, Filtering, Spectral factorization.

Unit II (13 hours) Signal modeling: Introduction, Least squares method, Pade approximation, Prony’s method, Pole-Zero

modeling, Finite data records, Autocorrelation method, Covariance method, Stochastic models,

Autoregressive, Moving average models.

Unit III (13 hours)

Levinson recursion and Winer filtering: Introduction, Levinson Durbin recursion development, Lattice

filters, Step-up-down recursions, Levinson recursion, Winer filtering: Introduction, Winer filtering, Linear

prediction, IIR filter, Discrete Kalman filter.

Unit IV (13 hours)

Spectrum estimation and adaptive filtering: Introduction, Non-parametric methods, Adaptive

periodogram, Parametric methods, Adaptive filtering: Introduction, FIR filter, Steepest descent adaptive

filter, LMS algorithm, Applications: Channel equalization, Recursive least squares, Exponentially

weighted RLS, Sliding window RLS algorithm.

Reference Books

1) Monson Hayes, Statistical Digital Signal Processing, John Wiley and sons, II Edition, 1996.

2) M. D. Srinath, Rajesh Karan, Statistical Signal Processing with Applications, Information System

Science Series, II Edition, 1995.

3) Steven Kay, Fundamentals of Statistical Signal Processing, Prentice Hall, II Edition, 1993.

Course Title: Wireless Communication Course Code: PEC222C





Designation : Core

Prerequisites : Digital Communication

Course Objectives:

1) To understand the examples of wireless communication systems, different generations of mobile

networks, WAN and PAN.

2) To understand the concepts of basic cellular system, frequency reuse, channel assignment

strategies, handoff strategies, interference and concepts of outdoor propagation model.

3) To analyze and understand the various modulation techniques used in wireless communication.

4) To understand the Equalization, Diversity and Channel Coding fundamentals and channel

accessing techniques.

Course Outcomes:


1) Explain the evolution of wireless communication and examples for analog and digital

communication systems like WLL, WLAN etc.

2) Design and analyze the frequency reuse for enhancing capacity of the cellular system.

3) Identify the modulation technique that is used for specific wireless communication standards.

4) Explain the significance of equalization, Diversity, Channel Coding and different channel access

techniques.


Unit I (13 hours) Introduction to wireless communication systems: Evolution of mobile radio communications, Mobile

radio standards, examples: Cordless telephone systems, cellular telephone systems, comparison of

common wireless communication systems, Modern Wireless Communication Systems: Second generation

(2G) cellular networks, Third generation (3G) wireless networks, Wireless Local Loop (WLL) and

LMDS, Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), Bluetooth and Personal Area Networks (PANs)

Unit II (13 hours) The Cellular System Design Introduction, frequency reuse, channel assignment, Hand off mechanism,

interface and system capacity, trunking and grade of service, cell splitting, sectoring, repeaters, A

microcell zone concept. Mobile Radio Propagation: Large - scale path loss: Outdoor propagation model:

Okumura model, Hata Model

Unit III (13 hours)

Modulation Techniques for Mobile Radio QPSK, Constant envelope modulation, MFSK, OFDM, DS and

FH spread spectrum techniques. Frequency Management and channel Assignment Frequency

management, set up channels, channel assignment and algorithms, traffic and channel assignment. Speech

Coding: Introduction, characteristics of speech signals, quantization techniques, Adaptive Differential

Pulse Code Modulation (ADPCM), Frequency Domain coding speech, Vocoders, Linear predictive

coders, choosing speech codec for mobile communications

Unit IV (13 hours)

Equalization, Diversity and Channel Coding Fundamentals of equalization, training, linear and non linear

equalizers, IMS and Zero forcing algorithms, diversity techniques, RAKE receivers, fundamental of

channel coding, Reed-Solomon codes, Turbo and Trellis codes. Multiple Access Techniques FDMA,

TDMA, FHMA, CDMA and SDMA, capacity of CDMA and SDMA.

Reference Books

1) T. S. Rapport, Wireless Communication: Principle and Practice, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education,

2002.

2) William C. Y. Lee, Mobile Cellular Telecommunications, 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill International

Editions, 1995.

3) V. K. Garg and J. E. Wilkes, Wireless and Personal Communication systems, Prentice Hall, 1996.

Course Title: RF and Microwave Circuit Design Course Code: PEC223C





Designation : Core

Prerequisites : Transmission Lines and Microwave Engineering

Course Objectives:

1) To make the students to know why basic circuit theory fails as the frequency increases to a level

where the wavelength becomes comparable with discrete circuit components.

2) To introduce the students to topics such as fundamental transmission line theory.

3) To educate the student to know the physical reason for transitioning from lumped to distributed

circuit representation.

4) To educate the students about Smith chart for solving transmission-line problems.

5) To educate the students about design of RF filters.

6) To introduce the students of semiconductor fundamentals.

Course Outcomes:

A student who successfully completes this course should be able to understand

1) Why basic circuit theory fails as the frequency increases.

2) The concepts of transmission line theory.

3) Transmission line distributed circuit components.

4) Use of Smith chart.

5) Basic knowledge of RF circuit design.

6) Semiconductor fundamentals.


Unit I (13 hours) Introduction: Importance of radiofrequency design, Dimensions and units, Frequency spectrum, RF

behavior of passive components: High frequency resistors, capacitors & inductors. Chip components and

Circuit board considerations: Chip resistors, chip capacitors, surface mounted inductors. Transmission

Line Analysis: Two-wire lines, Coaxial lines and Microstrip lines, Equivalent circuit representation, Basic

laws, Circuit parameters for a parallel plate transmission line. General Transmission Line Equation:

Kirchhoff voltage and current law representations, Traveling voltage and current waves, General

impedance definition, Lossless transmission line model. Microstrip Transmission Lines. Terminated

lossless transmission line: Voltage reflection coefficient, propagation constant and phase velocity,

standing waves. Special terminated conditions: Input impedance of terminated lossless line, Short circuit

transmission line, Open circuit transmission line, Quarter wave transmission line. Sourced and Loaded

Transmission Line: Phasor representation of source, Power considerations for a transmission line, input

impedance matching, return loss and insertion loss.

Unit II (13 hours) The Smith Chart: Reflection coefficient in Phasor form, Normalized Impedance equation, parametric

reflection coefficient equation, graphical representation, Impedance transformation for general load,

Standing wave ratio, Special transformation conditions. Admittance Transformations: Parametric

admittance equation, Additional graphical displays. Parallel and series Connections: Parallel connections

of R and L elements, Parallel connections of R and C elements, Series connections of R and L elements,

Series connections of R and C elements, Example of a T Network.

Unit III (13 hours)

RF Filter Design: Filter types and parameters, Low pass filter, High pass filter, Bandpass and Bandstop

filter, Insertion Loss. Special Filter Realizations: Butterworth type filter, Chebyshev type filters,

Denormalization of standard low pass design. Filter Implementation: Unit Elements, Kuroda’s Identities

and Examples of Microstrip Filter Design. Coupled Filters: Odd and Even Mode Excitation, Bandpass

Filter, Cascading bandpass filter elements, Design examples.

Unit IV (13 hours)

Active RF Components: Semiconductor Basics: Physical properties of semiconductors, PN-Junction,

Schottky contact. RF Diodes: Schottky diode, PIN diode, Varactor diode, IMPATT diode, Tunnel diode,

TRAPATT, BARRITT, and Gunn Diodes, Bipolar-Junction Transistors: Construction, Functionality,

Temperature behavior, Limiting values. RF Field Effect Transistors: Construction, Functionality,

Frequency response, Limiting values. High Electron Mobility Transistors: Construction, Functionality,

Frequency response.

Reference Books

1) Reinhold Ludwig, Pavel Bretchko, “RF Circuit Design: Theory and Applications”, Pearson

Education Asia, 2005.

2) Mathew M. Radmanesh, “Radio Frequency and Microwave Electronics Illustrated”, Pearson

Education, Asia, 2006.

3) Qizheng Gu,“RF System Design of Transceivers for Wireless Communications”, Springer

International Edition, 2008.

4) Joseph J. Carr, “Secrets of RF Circuit Design”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 3rd Edition, 2004.

5) W. Alan Davis, K. K. Agarwal, “Radio Frequency circuit Design”, Wiley, 2001

Course Title: Error Control Codes Course Code: PEC224C





Designation : Core

Prerequisites : Information Theory and Coding

Course Objectives:

1) To provide the knowledge of algebra that is necessary to understand the materials in latter

chapters.

2) To study in detail the fundamentals of linear block codes and several important class of linear

block codes.

3) To study the Encoding, Decoding and error correction of various error control codes.

4) To provide the important concept of concatenated codes, turbo codes and the area of code

modulation.

5) To study the methods for correcting the burst errors and combination of burst and random errors.

Course Outcomes:


1) Understand groups, field and coding concepts built upon them. 2) Understand and identify the role of error control coding techniques and implement some of the

error-control codes discussed in class.

3) Apply error control coding to achieve error detection and correction in digital transmission

systems.

4) Compare the error correction capability of different error control codes.


Unit I (13 hours) Introduction to Algebra: Groups, Fields, Binary Field Arithmetic, Construction of Galois Field GF(2m)

and its Basic Properties, Computation using Galois Field GF(2m),Vector spaces and Matrices.Linear Block

Codes: Introduction to Linear Block Codes, Syndrome and Error Detection, Minimum Distance of a Block

Code, Error Detecting and Correcting Capabilities of Block Code, Standard Array and Syndrome

Decoding, Single Parity Check Codes, Repetition codes and Self Dual Codes.

Important Linear Block Codes: Hamming Codes, Reed-Muller Codes, The (24,12) Golay Code, Products

Codes and Interleaved Codes (Qualitative treatment).

Unit II (13 hours) Cyclic Codes: Description of Cyclic Codes, Generator and Parity Check Matrices, Encoding and

Decoding of Cyclic Codes, Syndrome Computation and Error Detection, Meggitt Decoder Shortened

Cyclic Codes. BCH Codes: Binary Primitive BCH Codes, Decoding of BCH Codes using Gorenstein-

Zierler algorithm, Implementation of Galois Field Arithmetic, Implementation of Error Correction. Non

Binary BCH codes: q- ary Linear Block Codes, Primitive BCH Codes over GF (q), Encoding of Reed-

Soloman code.

Unit III (13 hours)

Convolutional Codes: Connection Pictorial Representation, Convolutional Encoding-Time Domain

Approach, Transform Domain Approach, Structural and Distance Properties, Optimum Decoding of

Convolutional Codes: The Viterbi Algorithm, Suboptimum Decoding of Convolutional Codes: The ZJ

(Stack) Sequential Decoding Algorithm, The Fano Sequential Decoding Algorithm, Majority Logic

Decoding.

Unit IV (13 hours)

Concatenated Codes: Single-Level Concatenated Codes, Multi Level Concatenated Codes, Soft- Decision

Multi Stage Decoding, Turbo Codes: Introduction to Turbo Coding, Trellis Coded Modulation:

Introduction to TCM, TCM code construction, Burst Error Correcting Codes: Introduction, Decoding of

Single Burst Error correcting Cyclic Codes and Single Burst Error Correcting Codes, Burst and Random

Error Correcting Codes.

Reference Books

1) Shulin, Daniel J.Costello, Error Control Coding, Pearson, Second Edition 2012.

2) Ranjan Bose, Information Theory, Coding and Cryptography, Tata McGraw Hill Publication,

Second Edition 2008

3) Man Young Ree, Error correcting coding Theory, McGraw Hill Edition, 1989.

,

Course Title: Wireless Ad hoc Networks Course Code: PEC225E





Designation : Elective

Prerequisites : Computer Networks

Course Objectives:

1) To understand need for wireless networks.

2) To know the constraints of physical layer that affects the design and performance of ad hoc

network.

3) To know the operations and performance of various MAC layer protocols, unicast routing

protocols and transport layer protocols proposed for ad hoc networks.

4) To understand security issues and QoS requirements.

Course Outcomes:


1) Understand the challenges in design of wireless networks.

2) To know the media constraints of wireless networks

3) Analyze the protocols at MAC and routing layers of ad hoc networks.

4) Understand and analyze attacks pertaining to network layer.


Unit I (13 hours)

Issues in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Ad Hoc Wireless Internet, MAC Protocols for Ad Hoc Wireless

Networks: Introduction, Issues in Designing a MAC Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. Design

Goals of a MAC Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. Classifications of MAC Protocols. Contention-

Based Protocols. Contention-Based Protocols with Reservation Mechanisms. Contention-Based MAC

Protocols with Scheduling Mechanisms. MAC Protocols That Use Directional Antennas. Other MAC

Protocols.

Unit II (13 hours)

Routing Protocols for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks: Issues in Designing a Routing Protocol for Ad Hoc

Wireless Networks. Classifications of Routing Protocols. Table-Driven Routing Protocols. On-Demand

Routing Protocols. Hybrid Routing Protocols. Routing Protocols with Efficient Flooding Mechanisms.

Hierarchical Routing Protocols. Power-Aware Routing Protocols.

Unit III (13 hours)

Transport Layer and Security Protocols for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks: Introduction. Issues in Designing

a Transport Layer Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. Design Goals of a Transport Layer Protocol

for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. Classification of Transport Layer Solutions. TCP Over Ad Hoc Wireless

Networks. Other Transport Layer Protocols for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. Security in Ad Hoc Wireless

Networks. Network Security Requirements. Issues and Challenges in Security Provisioning. Network

Security Attacks. Key Management. Secure Routing in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks.

Unit IV (13 hours)

Quality of Service in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks: Introduction. Issues and Challenges in Providing QoS in

Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. Classifications of QoS Solutions. MAC Layer Solutions. Network Layer

Solutions. QoS Frameworks for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Wireless Sensor Networks: Introduction.

Sensor Network Architecture. Data Dissemination. Data Gathering. MAC Protocols for Sensor Networks.

Location Discovery. Quality of a Sensor Network. Evolving Standards. Other Issues.

Reference Books

1) C. Siva Ram Murthy, B. S. Manoj, Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Architectures and Protocols,

Pearson Education

2) Charles .E. Perkins, “Ad Hoc Networking”, Pearson Education, 2008.

3) C. K. Toh, “Ad Hoc Mobile Wireless Networks-Protocols and Systems”, Pearson Education, 2009.

4) Sunilkumar S. Manvi, Mahabaleshwar S. Kakkasageri, “Wireless and Mobile Networks: Concepts

and Protocols”, Wiley India, 2010.

Course Title: Speech Processing Course Code: PEC226E






Course Objectives:

1) To give basics of speech production and perception along with its representation and modeling

2) Knowledge of time-domain representation, analysis, and synthesis of speech signal.

3) Knowledge of frequency-domain representation, analysis, and synthesis of speech signal

4) Concept of cepstral transform and linear prediction coding

Course Outcomes:


1) Understand the production and perception of speech and can represent and model the speech

signal.

2) Represent, analyze, and synthesize speech signal using time domain processing.

3) Represent, analyze, and synthesize speech signal using frequency domain processing.

4) Use cepstral transformation and LPC for speech analysis and synthesis.


Unit I (13 hours)

Introduction: Brief review of signals, systems, signal processing. Digital representation of speech signal.

Waveform representation and parametric representation. Sampling rate conversion. Digital models for the

speech processing: Introduction, the process of speech production and classification and basics of

phonetics, phonetic description of phonemes, the acoustic theory of speech production, digital models for

speech – vocal tract, radiation, excitation the complete model. Brief introduction to speech perception:

anatomy of ear-outer, middle, and inner ear, conversion of acoustical signal into neural firings.

Unit II (13 hours)

Time-domain models for speech processing: Introduction, time dependent processing of speech, short time

energy and average magnitude, short time average zero crossing rate, voiced/unvoiced/silence detection.

Pitch period estimation (Rabiner and Gold method), short time autocorrelation function, and short time

average magnitude difference function, u/v/speech/silence and pitch detection using autocorrelation

function. Brief applications of time domain processing of speech signals.

Unit III (13 hours)

Short time Fourier analysis: Introduction, definitions and properties of short time Fourier transform

(STFT), Fourier transform interpretation of STFT, linear filtering interpretation of STFT, sampling of

STFT, speech analysis and synthesis systems (Vocoders), phase vocoder, channel vocoder, and formant

vocoders, spectrographic displays. Brief applications of time domain processing of speech signals.

Unit IV (13 hours)

Cepstral analysis: Introduction, homomorphic transformation, frequency domain representation of

homomorphic systems, inverse cepstum transformation, the complex cepstrum of speech, cepstral

vocoder, processing applications of cepstral analysis. Linear predictive coding of speech: Introduction,

basic principle of linear predictive coding, autocorrelation method, covariance method.

Reference Books 1) L. R. Rabiner and R. W. Schafer, Digital Processing of Speech Signals, Pearson Education (Asia) Pte.

Ltd., 2004.

2) D. O’Shaughnessy, Speech Communications: Human and Machine, Universities Press, 2001.

3) B. Gold and N. Morgan, Speech and Audio Signal Processing: processing and perception of speech

and music, Pearson Education 2003

Course Title: Network Security Course Code: PEC227E






Prerequisites : Computer Networks

Course Objectives:

1) To give a clear insight into cryptography, authentication and emerging security standards.

2) To impart knowledge on network security protocols.

Course Outcomes:


1) Acquire knowledge about cryptography, techniques for access control and Email security.

2) Develop security algorithms in computer communication network.


Unit I (13 hours)

Introduction to Cryptography: Cryptography, Breaking Encryption schemes, Type of cryptographic

Functions, Secret Key cryptography, Public Key cryptography Secret Key Cryptography: Generic Block

Encryption, Data encryption Standards, Advanced encryption Standards. Modes of Operation: Encrypting

a Large message. Hashes and Message Digest: Introduction, Encryption with Message Digest, MD2,

MD4, SHA-1 and HMAC.

Unit II (13 hours)

Public Key Algorithms: Modular Arithmetic, RSA, Diffie-Hellman, Digital Signature Standard, Security

of RSA and Diffie-Hellman. Overview of Authentication System: Password-Based Authentication,

Address Based Authentication, and Cryptographic Authentication Protocol, Passwords as cryptographic

Keys, Eavesdropping and server database Reading, Trusted Intermediaries, Session key Establishment and

Delegation.

Unit III (13 hours)

Kerberos V4: Tickets and ticket granting Tickets, Configuration, Logging into network, Replicated KDCs,

Realms, Interrealm authentications, Key version Numbers, Encryption for privacy and Integrity,

Encryption for Integrity only, Network Layer Address in Tickets, Message formats.

Unit V Electronic Mail Security: Distribution List, Store and Forward, Security Services, Establishing

Keys, Privacy, Authentication of Source, Message Integrity, Non Repudiation, Proof of submission, Proof

of Delivery, Message flow confidentiality, Verifying when Message was really sent.

Unit IV (13 hours)

Firewalls: Packet filters, Application Level gateway, Encrypted Tunnel, Comparisons, Why firewalls

don’t work, Denial of Service attacks. Intruders: Intrusion Detection, Password Management. Malicious

Software: Viruses and related threats, Virus countermeasures.

Reference Books

1) Charlie Kafuman, Radia Perlman, Mike Spenciner, Network Security Private Communication in

Private world, Second Edition, Prentice Hall India, 2002.

2) William Stallings, Cryptography and network security: principles and practice, Fourth Edition,

Pearson Education Inc. 2006.

3) Chris Brenton, Cameron Hunt, Mastering network security, Second Edition, Sybex inc. publishing,

2003.

4) Eric Cole, Ronald Krutz, James W. Conley, Network Security Bible,Wiley India,2000.

5) Roberta Bragg, Mark Rhodes-Ousley, Keith Strassberg, Network security: The complete reference,

McGraw-Hill, 2004.

Course Title: Advances in VLSI Design Course Code: PEC228E






Prerequisites : Digital Electronics, CMOS Digital VLSI Design

Course Objectives:

The objective of the course is to introduce the students

1) Concept of MOSFETs, MESFETs, MODFET devices operation.

2) Short channel effects and challenges to CMOS.

3) Concept of super buffers and steering logic.

4) Concept of layouts and technology mapping.

Course Outcomes:


1) Analyze MOSFETs, MESFETs, and MODFET devices and circuit operation.

2) Understand MOSFET short channel effects and design challenges.

3) Analyze different types of super buffers and steering logic.

4) Draw layouts in CMOS technology.


Unit I (13 hours)

Review of MOS Circuits: MOS and CMOS static plots, switches, comparison between CMOS and BI -

CMOS. MESFETS: MESFET and MODFET operations, quantitative description of MESFETS. MIS

Structures and MOSFETS: MIS systems in equilibrium, under bias, small signal operation of MESFETS

and MOSFETS.

Unit II (13 hours)

Short Channel Effects and Challenges to CMOS: Short channel effects, scaling theory, processing

challenges to further CMOS miniaturization Beyond CMOS. Evolutionary advances beyond CMOS,

carbon Nano tubes, conventional vs. tactile computing, computing, molecular and biological computing

Mole electronics-molecular, Diode and diode-diode logic. Defect tolerant computing.

Unit III (13hours)

Super Buffers, Bi-CMOS and Steering Logic: Introduction, RC delay lines, super buffers- An NMOS

super buffer, tri state super buffer and pad drivers, CMOS super buffers, dynamic ratio less inverters, large

capacitive loads, pass logic, designing of transistor logic, General functional blocks - NMOS and CMOS

functional blocks.

Unit IV (13 hours)

Special Circuit Layouts and Technology Mapping: Introduction, Talley circuits, NAND-NAND, NOR-

NOR, and AOI Logic, NMOS, CMOS Multiplexers, Barrel shifter, Wire routing and module lay out.

System Design: CMOS design methods, structured design methods, Strategies encompassing hierarchy,

regularity, modularity & locality, CMOS Chip design Options, programmable logic, Programmable inter

connect, programmable structure, Gate arrays standard cell approach, Full custom Design.

Reference Books

1) Kevin F. Brennan, “Introduction to Semi-Conductor Device”, Cambridge publications, 2005.

2) Eugene D. Fabricius, “Introduction to VLSI Design”, McGraw-Hill International publications,

1990.

3) Wayne Wolf, “Modern VLSI Design”, Pearson Education, 2nd Edition, 2002.

Course Title: MEMS in Communication Course Code: PEC229E






Prerequisites : VLSI Technology

Course Objectives:

The course is intended to provide the knowledge about

1) Fundamentals of MEMS and expose students to the basic scaling laws as applied to micro domain.

2) The design and working principle of various microsensing and actuating devices

3) The modeling of various types of micro-systems

4) Simulation and micro fabrication of MEMS

5) Various RF MEMS components, their design and fabrication

6) Various optical devices like lenses and mirrors

Course Outcomes:


1) Understand the fundamentals of MEMS and expose students to the basic scaling laws as applied to

micro domain

2) Design and understand the working principle of various micro sensing and actuating devices

3) Mathematically model the various types of micro-systems

4) Simulate the MEMS devices and understand the process steps in micro fabrication and

micromachining of MEMS devices

5) Understand various RF MEMS components, their design and micromachining technique.

6) Understand various optical devices like lenses and mirrors


Unit I (13 hours) Introduction to MEMS technology: Definition, Features of MEMS, Microsensor, microactuator, microsystems.

Commercial MEMS Products: Medical pressure sensor, inkjet printer head, accelerometer.

Scaling in Microdomain: Scaling laws in geometry, rigid body dynamics, electrostatic, electromagnetic,

electricity, fluid mechanics & heat transfer.

MEMS Design & working principle: Transduction principles in microdomain- Biomedical sensor & biosensor,

chemical sensor, optical sensor, pressure sensor, thermal sensor. Actuation using thermal force, shape-memory

alloy, piezoelectric and electrostatic forces.

MEMS modeling: modeling elements in electrical, mechanical, thermal and fluid systems. Modeling

electrostatic systems.

Unit II (13 hours) Simulation of MEMS: Need for simulation, FEM, MEMS design and realization tools such as

ANSYS/Multiphysics, CoventorWare, COMSOL.

Microfabrication/Micromachining: Overview of micro fabrication, review of microelectronics fabrication

processes like photolithography, deposition, doping, etching, structural and sacrificial materials, and other

lithography methods, MEMS fabrication methods like surface, bulk, LIGA and wafer bonding methods.

Unit III (13hours)

Radio Frequency (RF) MEMS: Introduction, Review of RF-based communication systems, RF –MEMS like

switches and relays, MEMS inductors and Capacitors, RF filters, resonators, phase shifters, transmission lines,

micromachined antenna (Qualitative treatment only).

Unit IV (13 hours)

Optical MEMS: Preview, passive optical components like lenses and mirrors, actuators for active optical

MEMS. Basic optical communication networks using MOEMS devices.

Case Studies: Case studies of Microsystems including micro-cantilever based sensors and actuators with

appropriate selection of material properties: thermal, mechanical properties. Static and dynamic mechanical

response with different force mechanisms: electrostatic, electromagnetic, thermal.

Reference Books

1) G. K. Ananthasuresh, K. J. Vinoy, S. Gopalakrishnan, K. N. Bhat, V. K. Aatre , “Micro and Smart

Systems”, Wiley India, 2010.

2) Tai, Ran Hsu, “MEMS and Microsystems Design and Manufacture”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2002.

3) Nitaigour Premchand Mahalik, “MEMS”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2007.

4) Chang Liu, “Foundations of MEMS”, Pearson International Edition, 2006.

5) Vijay K. Vardhan, K. J. Vinoy, K. A. Jose, “RF MEMS and Their Applications”, John Wiley &

Sons, 2003.

6) P. Rai-Choudhury, “MEMS and MOEMS Technology and Applications”, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd,

New Delhi, 2009.

Course Title: Simulation Modeling and Analysis Course Code: PEC230E






Prerequisites : Computer Organization, Probability and Information Theory

Course Objectives:

1. Define the basics of simulation modeling and replicating the practical situations in organizations

2. Generate random numbers and random variates using different techniques.

3. Develop simulation model using heuristic methods.

4. Analysis of Simulation models using input analyzer, and output analyzer

5. Explain Verification and Validation of simulation model.

Course Outcomes:


1. Describe the role of important elements of discrete event simulation and modeling paradigm.

2. Conceptualize real world situations related to systems development decisions, originating from

source requirements and goals.

3. Develop skills to apply simulation software to construct and execute goal-driven system models.

4. Interpret the model and apply the results to resolve critical issues in a real world environment.


Unit I (13 hours)

Basic Simulation Modeling: The Nature of Simulation, Systems, Models and Simulation, Discrete Event

Simulation, Simulation of a Single-Server Queueing System, Alternative Approaches to Modeling and

Coding Simulations and Other types of simulation.

Unit II (13 hours)

Building Valid, Credible, and Appropriately Detailed Simulation Models: Techniques for Increasing

Model Validity and Credibility, Statistical Procedures for Comparing Real-World Observations and

Simulation Output Data.

Selecting Input Probability Distributions: Useful Probability Distributions, Techniques for Assessing

Sample Independence, Activity I: Hypothesizing Families of Distributions, Activity II: Estimation of

Parameters, Activity III: Determining How Representative, Models of Arrival Processes.

Unit III (13hours)

Random Number Generators: Linear Congruential, Other Kinds of Generators, Testing Random Number

Generators.

Generating Random Variates: General Approaches to Generating Random Variates, Generating

Continuous Random Variates, Generating Discrete Random Variates, Generating Random Vectors,

Correlated Random Variates.

Unit IV (13 hours)

Output Data Analysis for a Single System: Statistical Analysis for Terminating Simulation, Statistical

Analysis for Steady-State Parameters.

Comparing Alternative System Configurations: Confidence Intervals for the Difference Between the

Expected Responses of Two Systems.

Variance Reduction Techniques: Antithetic Variates and Control Variates.

Reference Books

1) Averill M Law, W David Kelton, Simulation Modeling & Analysis, McGraw Hill International

Editions – Industrial Engineering series, 4th Edition.

2) Jerry Banks, John S Carson, II, Berry L Nelson, David M Nicol, Discrete Event system

Simulation, Pearson Education, Asia, 4th Edition, 2007.

3) Geoffrey Gordon, System Simulation, Prentice Hall publication, 2nd Edition, 1978.

4) Narsingh Deo, Systems Simulation with Digital Computer, PHI Publication (EEE), 3rd Edition,

2004.

Course Title: Communication Engineering Laboratory - II Course Code: PEC231L

Credits: 2.0 Teaching Hours: Contact Hours: 3Hrs/Week



Designation : Laboratory

Course Objectives:

1) Know the different modeling techniques of discrete time signals.

2) Know different error control coding techniques.

3) Characterize different transmission lines and their performance evaluation.

4) Learn different image processing techniques.

Course Outcomes:

After completion of Laboratory the students are able to

1) Visualize the importance of signal modeling in different fields like communication, signal

processing, signal compression, etc.

2) Understand the design principles of digital communication systems with minimum error.

3) Understand the limitations of modulation techniques and the communication channels.

4) Process image and multimedia signals.

The Experiments that enable to meet the above objectives and course outcomes are given below:

Sl.

No

LIST OF THE EXPERIMENTS

1 Modeling of a given discrete time signal using least squares method and computation of modeling

error.

2 Modeling of a given discrete time signal using Pade approximation method. Computation of

modeling error and its comparison with least squares method.

3 Estimation of spectrum of a given finite duration discrete time signal and computation of bias and

variance of estimation.

4 Write a MATLAB code to encode and decode the all possible data words for a systematic linear

block code.

5 Write a MATLAB code to encode and decode the all possible data words for a cyclic code.

6 An experiment to find the distributed components (R, L, G and C) of a transmission line for

the following lengths:

(a) 25mts Transmission Line.

(b) 50mts Transmission Line.

(c) 75mts transmission Line.

(d) 100mts Transmission Line.

7 An experiment to find the characteristics of a micro-strip low pass filter.

8 An experiment to find the characteristics of a micro-strip band-pass filter.

19 An experiment to estimate the spectrum of a given signal using Bartlett’s method.

10 Develop a code to write image matrix in to a file using imwrite( )function of MATLAB.

11 Develop a code to enhance image using histogram equalization technique.

12 Write HTML program for inserting (a) image (b) table.

II Semester Sl. No. Subject Code Subject Credits Semmtech.… · Convolutional Codes: The Viterbi...

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