IHRM unit 4

7/25/2019 IHRM unit 4

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LECTUREINTERNATIONAL HRM &Culture

Ruchika– Faculty, DIAS

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A de!iti"! a!d de#cri$ti"!

"% culture Culture i# the characteri#tic 'ay "%(eha)i!* a!d (elie)i!* that a *r"u$ "%$e"$le ha)e de)el"$ed ")er ti+e

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De)el"$+e!t "% cr"##-

cultural c"+$ete!ce#

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.hat i# IHRM/

0r"ce## "% ac1uiri!*, de)el"$i!*,all"cati!* a!d utili2i!* hu+a! re#"urce#i! a *l"(al c"r$"rati"! t" achie)e

"r*a!i2ati"!al "(3ecti)e# irre#$ecti)e "%*e"*ra$hical ("u!darie#4

IHRM i# the $r"ce## "% $r"curi!*, all"cati!*,a!d e5ecti)ely utili2i!* hu+a! re#"urce# i! a+ulti!ati"!al c"r$"rati"!4

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I! *l"(al r+#, hu+a! re#"urce +a!a*er#+u#t achie)e t'" #"+e'hat c"!6icti!*#trate*ic "(3ecti)e#7

Problem of integration:

I!te*rati"! re%er# t" c"!tr"l a!d c""rdi!ati"! %r"+Head1uarter#4

The +a!*er# !eed t" i!te*rate hu+a! re#"urce $"licie# a!d$ractice# acr"## a !u+(er "% #u(#idiarie# i! di5ere!t c"u!trie##" that ")erall c"r$"rate "(3ecti)e# ca! (e achie)ed4

Problem of Dierentiation:

Di5ere!tiati"! re%er# t" 6e8i(ility i! $"licie# a!d $ractice# atthe l"cal #u(#idiary le)el4

A$$r"ache# t" HRM +u#t (e #u9cie!tly 6e8i(le t" all"' %"r#i*!ica!t di5ere!ce# i! the ty$e "% HR $"licie# a!d $ractice#that are +"#t e5ecti)e i! di5ere!t (u#i!e## a!d cultural#etti!*#4

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H"' IHRM i# di5ere!t %r"+

HRM/:4 E!c"+$a## +"re %u!cti"!#;re1uire# a +uch(r"ader $er#$ecti)e "! e)e! the +"#t c"++"!HR acti)itie#4

<4 Ha)e +"re heter"*e!e"u# %u!cti"!#; I!ter!ati"!al ta8ati"!7 E8$atriate# are #u(3ect t"

i!ter!ati"!al ta8ati"!, a!d ha)e ("th d"+e#tic =i4e4,h"+e-c"u!try> a!d h"#t-c"u!try ta8 lia(ilitie#4

There%"re ta8 e1uali2ati"! $"licie# +u#t (e de#i*!edt" e!#ure that there i# !" ta8 i!ce!ti)e "r di#i!ce!ti)ea##"ciated 'ith a!y $articular i!ter!ati"!ala##i*!+e!t4

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HRM/ I!ter!ati"!al rel"cati"! a!d "rie!tati"!7 i!)"l)earra!*i!* %"r $re-de$arture trai!i!*, $r")idi!*i++i*rati"! a!d tra)el detail#, $r")idi!* h"u#i!*,#h"$$i!*, +edical care, recreati"!, a!d #ch""li!*

i!%"r+ati"! etc4 ?ari"u# ad+i!i#trati)e #er)ice# %"r E8$atriate#7 i# a

ti+e-c"!#u+i!* a!d c"+$le8 acti)ity (ecau#e$"licie# a!d $r"cedure# are !"t al'ay# clear cut a!d+ay c"!6ict 'ith l"cal c"!diti"!#4

Selecti!*, trai!i!*, a$$rai#i!* l"cal a!d i!ter!ati"!ale+$l"yee# a!d +a!a*i!* h"#t-*")er!+e!t relati"!#i! a !u+(er "% c"u!trie# ar"u!d the ."rld4

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HRM/@4 I!)"l)e# c"!#ta!tly cha!*i!* $er#$ecti)e# I! U4S, %a+ily +ea!#;#$"u#e a!d childre!

I! I!dia, Fa+ily +ea!#;#$"u#e, $are!t# a!d childre!

I! certai! c"u!trie# 'here $"ly*a+y i# $ractice#, %a+ily

+ea!#;+ulti$le #$"u#e# a!d childre!

4 Re1uire# +"re i!)"l)e+e!t i! e+$l"yee#$er#"!!el li)e#

Ma!y +ulti!ati"!al# ha)e a! BI!ter!ati"!al HR Ser)ice#

#ecti"! that c""rdi!ate# ad+i!i#trati"! "% )ari"u#$r"*ra++e# a!d $r")ide# #er)ice# %"r 0CN# a!d TCN# #ucha# ha!dli!* their (a!ki!*, i!)e#t+e!t#, h"+e re!tal 'hile "!a##i*!+e!t, c""rdi!ati!* h"+e )i#it#, a!d !al re$atriati"!4

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HRM/4 I!6ue!ced (y +"re e8ter!al #"urce#; HR +a!*er# '"rki!* i! a! i!ter!ati"!al

e!)ir"!+e!t %ace the $r"(le+ "% de#i*!i!* a!d

ad+i!i#teri!* $r"*ra++e# %"r +"re tha! "!e

!ati"!al *r"u$ "% e+$l"yee#;+a!a*e e8$atriate#%r"+ r+# h"+e c"u!try =0CN#>, h"#t-c"u!try!ati"!al# =HCN#>, a!d third-c"u!try !ati"!al#=TCN#>

4 I!)"l)e# a *reater le)el "% ri#k;e8$atriate%ailure, direct c"#t# =#alary, tr* c"#t, tra)el a!drel"cati"! e8$e!#e#>, i!direct c"#t =l"## "% +kt#hare a!d da+a*e >

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I!)"l)e# a *reater le)el "% ri#k; I% HR $"licie# a!ta*"!i2e h"#t-c"u!try

u!i"!# "r i+$"rta!t $"litical *r"u$, the

MNC +ay (e a#ked t" lea)e the c"u!try4 Terr"ri#+ i# a!"ther a#$ect "% ri#k e8$"#ure

rele)a!t t" IHRM;HR de$art+e!t +ay!eed t" de)i#e e+er*e!cy e)acuati"!

$r"cedure# %"r hi*hly )"latile a##i*!+e!tl"cati"!#4

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A$$r"ache# t" IHRM

F"ur a$$r"ache# *i)e! (y e! a+"che are7

Eth!"ce!tric7 The MNC #i+$ly e8$"rt# HR $ractice# a!d $"licie#

u#ed i! the h"+e c"u!try t" #u(#idiarie# i! %"rei*!l"cati"!#4

The %"rei*! #u(#idiarie# d" !"t ha)e +uchaut"!"+y a!d the #trate*ic deci#i"!# are +ade "!lyat the head1uarter#4

The key $"#iti"!# are +a!a*ed (y $er#"!!el %r"+the head1uarter#4

I! #h"rt, the #u(#idiarie# are +a!a*ed (ye8$atriate# %r"+ the h"+e c"u!try4

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0"lyce!tric7 Su(#idiarie# are i!de$e!de!t %r"+

head1uarter#4

HR $"licie# are ada$ted t" +eet thecircu+#ta!ce# i! each %"rei*! c"u!try4

L"cal +a!a*er# i! the %"rei*! c"u!try arehired t" +a!a*e HRM acti)itie#4

The MNC treat# each #u(#idiary a# adi#ti!ct e!tity 'ith #"+e aut"!"+y4

The #u(#idiary i# +a!a*ed (y l"cal !ati"!#4

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Re*i"ce!tric Re$re#e!t# a re*i"!al *r"u$i!* "% #u(#idiarie#4

HR $"licie# are c""rdi!ated 'ithi! the re*i"! t" a#*reat e8te!t a# $"##i(le4

Su(#idiarie# +ay (e #ta5ed (y +a!a*er# %r"+ a!y"% the c"u!trie# 'ithi! the re*i"!4

C""rdi!ati"! a!d c"++u!icati"! 'ithi! the re*i"!are hi*h, (ut they are 1uite li+ited (et'ee! the

re*i"! a!d the MNC# head1uarter#4 It utili2e# a 'ider $""l "% +a!a*er# (ut i! a li+ited

'ay4 0er#"!!el +ay +")e "ut#ide their c"u!trie# (ut"!ly 'ithi! the $articular *e"*ra$hic re*i"!4

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Ge"ce!tric7 HR $"licie# are de)el"$ed t" +eet the

*l"(al !et'"rk "% h"+e-c"u!try l"cati"!#

a!d %"rei*! #u(#idiarie#4

MNC# take a '"rld'ide a$$r"ach t" their"$erati"!#, rec"*!i2i!* that each $art

+ake# a u!i1ue c"!tri(uti"! 'ith it# u!i1uec"+$ete!ce4

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Cultural M"del#

Geert Hofstede: Four CulturalDimensions:

:4 I!di)iduali#+ a!d C"llecti)i#+

<4 Hi*h a!d L"' 0"'er Di#ta!ce

@4 Hi*h a!d L"' U!certai!ty A)"ida!ce

4 Ma#culi!e a!d Fe+i!i!e ?alue#

4 Sh"rt ter+ a!d l"!* ter+ "rie!tati"!

Edward T. Hall: Two Cultural Dimensions::4 Hi*h a!d L"' C"!te8t

<4 M"!"chr"!ic a!d 0"lychr"!ic Ti+e

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I!di)iduali#+-C"llecti)i#+ Individualism:

E+$ha#i2e# the i!de$e!de!ce a!di!di)idual achie)e+e!t

U!ited State#, Au#tralia, Ca!ada

Collectivism: E+$ha#i2e# the !eed# a!d *"al# "%

the *r"u$, rather tha! the i!di)idual A#ia! a!d Lati! A+erica! c"u!trie#

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0"'er Di#ta!ce

Hig !ower distance: Acce$t# di5ere!ce# i! $"'er a#

!"r+al

A##u+e# all $e"$le are !"t createde1ual

Me8ic", I!dia, Si!*a$"re

"ow !ower distance: 0"'er di#ti!cti"!# are +i!i+i2ed

Ne' eala!d, De!+ark, I#rael

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U!certai!ty A)"ida!ce

Hig uncertaint# avoidance: U!c"+%"rta(le i! u!#tructured a!d

u!$redicta(le #ituati"!# .hat i# di5ere!t i#

da!*er"u#4 0re%er rule#, $la!#, r"uti!e# a$a!, Jel*iu+, Greece

"ow uncertaint# avoidance: C"+%"rta(le 'ith a+(i*uity a!d u!$redicta(ility

.hat i# di5ere!t i# i!tere#ti!*4 Ca! '"rk i!de$e!de!tly 'ith"ut #u$er)i#i"! a+aica, H"!* "!*

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Ma#culi!e-Fe+i!i!e

?alue# $asculine %alue &ocieties: Me! are a##erti)e, t"u*h, a!d a+(iti"u#

."+e! are +"de#t, te!der, a!d %"cu#ed "!the 1uality "% li%e

a$a!, ?e!e2uela, Italy

Feminine %alue &ocieties: Ge!der r"le# ")erla$

Me! a!d '"+e! )alue te!der!e## a!d carea("ut the 1uality "% li%e

S'ede!, N"r'ay, De!+ark

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Hi*h c"!te8t-L"' c"!te8t Hig'conte(t Culture:

Mea!i!* i# c"++u!icated thr"u*h !"!)er(al(eha)i"r a!d the !ature "% i!ter$er#"!alrelati"!#hi$#

Me##a*e# are i+$lied a!d c"!te8t #e!#iti)e a$a!, Chi!a, Greece, Me8ic"

"ow'conte(t Culture: Mea!i!* i# e8$re##ed $ri+arily thr"u*h

la!*ua*e Me##a*e# are direct, %actual, a!d "(3ecti)e E!*la!d, U!ited State#, Ger+a!y

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M"!"chr"!ic Ti+e a!d

0"lychr"!ic Ti+e $onocronic time:

E)e!t# are #cheduled a# #e$arate ite+#, "!e

thi!* at a ti+e Ti+e i# )alua(leK #chedule a!d deadli!e# are

i+$"rta!t N"rth A+erica, N"rther! Eur"$e

Pol#cronic time: Schedule# are !"t )ery i+$"rta!t, deadli!e#

are +i##ed, i!terru$ti"!# are t"lerated

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A+erica!# are +"!"chr"!ic $e"$le4

Ge!erally a$a!e#e are $"lychr"!ic$e"$le4

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Cr"## cultural #e!#iti)ity

O!e-"!-O!e Cultural Se!#iti)ity

Cultural #e!#iti)ity ca! $lay a! i+$"rta!t r"le "! the$er#"!al le)el4 C"+$a!ie# c"urti!* e+$l"yee# "re8ecuti)e# %r"+ c"u!trie# 'ith "ther #"cial !"r+# "r

(elie%# '"uld d" 'ell t" re#$ect th"#e (elie%#4 A %ailuret" d" #" ca! lead t" e)erythi!* %r"+ $er#"!al "5e!#etake! t" certai! cultural i!#e!#iti)e +")e# =#uch a#!"t taki!* i!t" acc"u!t a $er#"!# cultural dietaryre#tricti"!# duri!* a (u#i!e## lu!ch> t" the %ailure t"

d" (u#i!e## e!tirely i% a c"+$a!y c"!#i#te!tly "5e!d#the culture "% a $"te!tial (u#i!e## $art!er4

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Cultural Se!#iti)ity a!d La!*ua*e

.he! (u#i!e##e# !eed t" #ell $r"duct#"r $r"duce ad)erti#e+e!t# i! %"rei*!

c"u!trie#, "%te! the#e u#e the h"#tc"u!try# "'! la!*ua*e4 Jei!*i!#e!#iti)e t" the !ua!ce# "% a %"rei*!la!*ua*e ca! create real culturalrelati"!# $r"(le+# %"r c"+$a!ie#

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Other (e!et#

Hi*her $r"ducti)ity

E5ecti)e tea+ '"rk

E+$"'er+e!t a!d $artici$ati"!

Hi*her +"ral O)erall de)el"$+e!t

Cultural a'are!e##

Re#$ect %"r "ther culture# Jetter $er%"r+a!ce a!d e+$l"yee

relati"!#

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LECTUREIHRM tre!d# a!d FutureChalle!*e#

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MAOR TRENDS IN THE GLOJAL LAJORMARET

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The *l"(al ec"!"+y +ake# it ea#ier %"r $e"$le t"+")e %r"+ "!e c"u!try t" a!"ther, #eeki!* a(etter 3"( a!d a hi*her #ta!dard "% li)i!*4

At the #a+e ti+e, it ha# led t" eth!ic a!d culturalte!#i"! a!d c"!6ict 'ithi! a c"u!try 'herei++i*ra!t# are !"t )ie'ed $"#iti)ely a# !e'la("r %"rce e!tra!t# c"!tri(uti!* t" ec"!"+ic

*r"'th a!d 'ide#$read $r"#$erity4

% i d (

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I##ue# "% c"!cer! rai#ed (yGLOJALIATION

Gl"(ali2ati"! ha# de#tr"yed +a!u%acturi!* 3"(# i! 'ealthy a!d de)el"$ed c"u!trie#4

I! U4S4;+a!y +a!u%acturi!* 3"(# ha)e $ackedu$ a!d le%t, i! #earch "% l"'er 'a*e# a!ddecrea#ed $r"(le+# 'ith la("r u!i"!#4 The 'a*e le)el# "% u!#killed '"rker# i! the#e

a5ected !ati"!# ha# decli!ed, a# u!#killed '"rker#l""#e their hi*her-$ayi!* +a!u%acturi!* 3"(# a!d

ca!!"t tra!#%er 'hat they k!"' i!t" "ther$"#iti"!# "% e+$l"y+e!t, they are %"rced t" takel"'er-$ayi!* u!#killed 3"(# el#e'here t" #ur)i)e4

I##ue# "% c"!cer! rai#ed (

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I##ue# "% c"!cer! rai#ed (yGLOJALIATION

Gl"(ali2ati"! ha# al#" created the $r"$e!#ity %"rc"+$a!ie# t" +")e t" c"u!trie# 'ith %e'er la("r a!d

e!)ir"!+e!tal re*ulati"!#4 =Jecau#e #tri!*e!t la("rla'# a!d e!)ir"!+e!tal re#tricti"!# ca! i!crea#e thec"#t# "% *""d# a!d #er)ice#, re#ulti!* i! reduced $r"t#a!d c"+$etiti)e!e## >4 I! d"i!* #", +a!y MNC# are alle*edly taki!* ad)a!ta*e "%

u!#killed a!d u!$r"tected '"rker# i! de)el"$i!* c"u!trie#4

The $ri+ary challe!*e %"r the *l"(al ec"!"+y ha#(ec"+e t" e!#ure that i!ter!ati"!al ec"!"+ici!te*rati"! d"e# !"t c"!tri(ute t" d"+e#tic #"cialdi#i!te*rati"!4

I % i d (

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I##ue# "% c"!cer! rai#ed (y TECHNOLOGICAL AD?ANCEMENTS

Ad)a!ce# i! tech!"l"*y ha)e !"t "!lyi+$r")ed the '"rld'ide c"++u!icati"!#!et'"rk (ut al#" i!crea#ed the rate "%Bcreati)e de#tructi"!4 Creati)e de#tructi"! i# the c"!ti!u"u# #cra$$i!*

"% "ld tech!"l"*ie# t" +ake 'ay %"r the !e'4

The di#$laced '"rker# due t" creati)ede#tructi"! (ec"+e e!ra*ed at MNC# that )alue"!ly the e9cie!cie# "% the +arket$lace a!dde+a!d $r"tecti"! %"r their 3"(# %r"+ $"liticia!#'h" $r"+i#e t" de%e!d their ri*ht#4

I % i d (

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I##ue# "% c"!cer! rai#ed (y TECHNOLOGICAL AD?ANCEMENTS

The c"!ti!ued $re+iu+ "% MNC# "!*reater e9cie!cy a!d c"#t reducti"! i#i!crea#i!* !u+(er "% '"rker# i!

de)el"$ed c"u!trie# #uch a# U4S4,Ger+a!y, a!d a$a! t" (la+e d"+e#tic

3"( l"## "! "ut#"urci!* t" I!dia, Chi!a,a!d "ther l"'-'a*e c"u!trie#4

I##ue# "% c"!cer! rai#ed (y LAJOR

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I##ue# "% c"!cer! rai#ed (y LAJORFORCE DEMOGRA0HICS AND

MIGRATION There are #i*!ica!t cha!*e# i! '"rld'ide

e8ter!al la("r +arket a!d i!ter!al '"rk%"rcede+"*ra$hic#4 Ma!y "% the#e cha!*e# t"'ard# *reater di)er#ity

ha)e (ee! due t" cha!*e# i! +i*rati"! $atter!# 'ithi!crea#ed tra!#$"rtati"! "$$"rtu!itie# a!d +"re"$e! !ati"!al ("rder# t" #u$$"rt '"rd trade4

I% +"re y"u!* $e"$le +")e t" de)el"$ed c"u!trie#%r"+ de)el"$i!* c"u!trie#, thi# c"!diti"! +i*ht $"#edirect ec"!"+ic i+$licati"!# (ecau#e the latter 'ill%all %urther (ehi!d the re#t "% the '"rld4

I##ue# "% c"!cer! rai#ed (y LAJOR

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I##ue# "% c"!cer! rai#ed (y LAJORFORCE DEMOGRA0HICS AND

MIGRATION C"u!trie# #uch a# a$a! a!d S'it2erla!d, i# %aci!*

the challe!*e "% ")ere+$l"y+e!t 'here thed"+e#tic la("r #u$$ly i# i!#u9cie!t t" ll the !eed#"% the d"+e#tic '"rk de+a!d, ha)e $eri"dically

rela8ed their '"rk )i#a a!d i++i*rati"!re1uire+e!t# t" all"' the e!tra!ce a!d te+$"raryle*al '"rk #tatu# "% '"rker# %r"+ le## de)el"$edc"u!trie#4

Fi)e +a3"r c"u!trie# 'hich "9cially 'elc"+ei!ter!ati"!al +i*ra!t# a# $er+a!e!t re#ide!t# are7U4S4, Ca!ada, Au#tria, I#rael, a!d Ne' eala!d4

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Ar*u+e!t# i! %a)"r "% i++i*ra!t '"rker#7 I++i*ra!t '"rker# are u#ually chea$er t" e+$l"y tha!

!ati)e '"rker# i! de)el"$ed c"u!trie#;e+$l"yer#$re%er t" hire the+ t" re+ai! c"#t c"+$etiti)e4

I++i*ra!t# are 'illi!* t" d" 3"(# that !ati)e# #$ur!4 I! S"uth "rea, l"cal la("rer# '"uld !"t 'a!t t" $er%"r+ the

#"-called @D 3"(#7 Dirty, da!*er"u#, a!d di9cult

I++i*ra!t# al#" i!crea#e the ta8 i!c"+e (a#e %"r the*")er!+e!t 'hich %urther hel$# the #ta**eri!*

!a!cial clai+# "% the *r"'i!* !u+(er "% retired$e"$le i! de)el"$ed c"u!trie#4

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Ar*u+e!t# a*ai!#t i++i*ra!t '"rker#7 I++i*ra!t# +i*ht !"t (e 'elc"+ed i% lar*e $art#

"% a c"u!trie# !ati)e $"$ulati"! %eel threate!ed!"t "!ly (ecau#e the i++i*ra!t# take a'ay 3"(#

%r"+ l"cal $e"$le (ut al#" (ecau#e they (ec"+e a#"urce "% #"cial u!re#t a!d eth!ic #tri%e4 I! U4S4;de#$ite the (e!et# i++i*ra!t# (ri!* t" the

ec"!"+y, they are i!crea#i!*ly #ee! a# lia(ilitie#, !"ta##et#4

Security rather tha! ec"!"+ic i##ue# are %"r+i!*a! a!ti-i++i*ra!t !ati"!al c"!#ci"u#!e##4

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The ea#e 'ith 'hich terr"ri#t# ca! cr"## ("rder#rai#e# the 1ue#ti"! t" +a!y A+erica!# The U4S4 *")er!+e!t $ut a +"rat"riu+ "! #tude!t )i#a#

a%ter it 'a# di#c")ered that a lar*e !u+(er "% the ::

terr"ri#t# e!tered the c"u!try (y th"#e +ea!#4 I! c"!tra#t t" the U4S4, Eur"$e# i++i*ra!t# c"+e

i! lar*e *r"u$# %r"+ a %e' c"u!trie#4 Thi# tre!d +ake# a##i+ilati"! di9cult 'ith "ther

!aturali2ed Eur"$ea!# (ecau#e the i++i*ra!t

c"++u!itie# are lar*e e!"u*h %"r !e'c"+er# t" re+ai!#e*re*ated 'ithi! their "'! *r"u$#4;+a!y "% the#ei++i*ra!t# c"+e %r"+ Ara(ic c"u!trie# that ha)e ahi#t"ry "% c"!6ict 'ith .e#ter! #tate#4

7/25/2019 IHRM unit 4


The +"re the de)el"$ed c"u!trie#attract #killed +i*ra!t#, the +"re theyare #tri$$i!* de)el"$i!* c"u!trie# "% the

$e"$le they !eed +"#t t" achie)eec"!"+ic de)el"$+e!t, a c"!diti"!"%te! re%erred t" a# (rai! drai!4

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D"+e#tic +i*rati"! 0e"$le +")e !"t "!ly acr"## ("rder# (ut

al#" 'ithi! a c"u!try, *reatly a5ecti!* l"cal

la("r c"!diti"!# a!d characteri#tic# thatMNC# c"!#ider %"r their *l"(al (u#i!e##$la!!i!*4

De#$ite the re#tricti"!# a!d ec"!"+ic

$e!altie# a##"ciated 'ith +i*rati"!, +"rey"u!* $e"$le i! rural Chi!a are +")i!* t"citie#4

% i d (

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I##ue# "% c"!cer! rai#ed (yEMERGENCE OF CONTINGENT

.ORFORCE A!"ther i+$"rta!t tre!d i! the *l"(alla("r +arket i# the c"!ti!ued i!crea#e i!the c"!ti!*e!t '"rk%"rce;the '"rker#

'h"#e 3"(# are de$e!de!t "r c"!ti!*e!tu$"! $re#e!t '"rk de+a!d4

P "% U4S4 e+$l"yer# u#e te+$"rary'"rker#4

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Cultural c"!)er*e!ce a!ddi)er*e!ce Cultural Di)er*e!ce7

The re#ult "% the re#tricti"! "% a culture %r"+ the"ut#ide cultural i!6ue!ce#KCultural di)er*e!ce i#the te!de!cy %"r culture# t" (ec"+e i!crea#i!*ly

di##i+ilar 'ith ti+e =a# "$$"#ed t" culturalc"!)er*e!ce, 'hich i# the te!de!cy %"r culture#t" (ec"+e i!crea#i!*ly #i+ilar 'ith ti+e>4

Cultural c"!)er*e!ce

Cultural c"!)er*e!ce – 'here di5ere!tculture# (ec"+e #i+ilar "r e)e! c"+et"*ether4

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Cultural Di)er*e!ce

Ca! ha$$e! 'he! +e+(er# "% a culture+")e a'ay %r"+ the c"re )alue# "% theirculture

U#ually (ecau#e they ha)e (ee! e8$"#ed t"!e' idea#4

0hy#ical (arrier# M"u!tai!# +i*ht #e$arate $e"$le li)i!* i!

di5ere!t $art# "% a cultural re*i"!4 Thi# +aycau#e each *r"u$ t" de)el"$ di5ere!tly4

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E8a+$le "% di)er*e!ce

I!dia

Arya! I!dia 'a# u!ied (y ac"++"! Hi!du culture (ut the

arri)al "% I#la+ic i!6ue!ce# ledI!dia t" (ec"+e di)ided i!t" Hi!dua!d Mu#li+ area#4

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E8a+$le "% c"!)er*e!ce

I# the creati"! "% a c"++"! *l"(al culture4

Thi# i# "ccurri!* due t" air tra)el,

!e'#$a$er#, tele)i#i"!,telec"++u!icati"!#, a!d the I!ter!et4

E!*li#h la!*ua*e There i# a i!crea#i!* tre!d t" u#e E!*li#h a#

a! i!ter!ati"!al #ec"!d la!*ua*e4 Al+"#t hal% a (illi"! $e"$le #$eak E!*li#h a#

their $ri+ary la!*ua*e4

IHRM unit 4

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Transcript of IHRM unit 4