ELEMENT 1FOUNDATIONS IN HEALTH AND SAFETY

BARRIERS TO GOOD STANDARDS OF HEALTH & SAFETY COMPLEXITY

Complicated work Places, Coordination of many people involved in variety of activities

Finding a solution to specific health & safety issue can be complex , may require extensive knowledge and an awareness of possible consequences of various courses of action

CONFLICTING DEMAND

Need to supply a product at appropriate speed and make profit

Need to comply with different type of standards at the same time

BEHAVIOURAL ISSUES

Individual Behaviour

DEFINITIONS

HEALTH

Absence of Disease or Ill health

SAFETY

The Absence of risk of serious personal injury

WELFARE

Access to basic facilities like toilet, hand wash stations, changing rooms, rest rooms and place to have food

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

Prevention of damage to the air, land , water and living creatures in the wider environment.

REASONS FOR MAINTAINING AND PROMOTING GOOD STANDARDS OF HEALTH AND SAFETYTHE SIZE OF THE PROBLEM

EACH YEAR 270 MILLION OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS AND 160 MILLION OCCUPATIONL DISEASES ARE RECORDED

2 MILLION PEOPLE DIE EVERY YEAR FROM OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS & DISEASES

4 % OF THE DOMESTIC PRODUCT IS LOST EVERY YEAR

AROUND 355,000 WORK RELATED FATAL ACCIDENTS HAPPEN EVERY YEAR

REASONS FOR MANAGING OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

MORAL LEGAL FINANCIAL

MORAL REASON

“DUTY OF CARE”PEOPLE GOING TO WORK TO EARN SHOULD NOT EXPERIENCE PAIN AND SUFFERING FROM THE WORK

PEOPLE SHOULD NOT GET INJURED OR KILLED AT WORK

PEOPLE SHOULD NOT GET AFFECTED BY MAJOR DISEASES WHICH IS A RESULTANT OF THE WORK

“ SUFFERINGS OF WORKING PEOPLE ,ALSO AFFECTS THEIR DEPENDENTS, FAMILY, FRIENDS AND COLLEAGUES”

ALL THESE ARE UNACCEPTABLE , SO EMPLOYERS SHOULD ENSURE THAT THEIR BUSINESS WHICH EARNS THEM PROFIT SHOULD NOT AFFECT THE EMPLOYESS WHO ARE PAID FOR THEIR WORK

LEGAL/SOCIAL REASON

NATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL LAWS AND STANDARDS

MOST OF THE COUNTRIES HAVE THEIR OWN HEALTH AND SAFETY LAWS AND STANDARDS

MEETING SOCIAL EXPECTATIONS

SOCIAL EXPECTATIONS ARE FRAMED AS LAW

EMPLOYER HOLDS THE PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY FOR HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK

LEGAL/SOCIAL REASONEMPLOYERS RESPONSIBILITY

SAFE PLACE OF WORK Reasonably safe work place and without risk to health

SAFE PLANT AND EQUIPMENT Machines, Tools, Plant & Equipment should be reasonably

safe and without health risk Greater the risk greater the protection Provision for service, inspection, repair and replacement

SAFE SYSTEM OF WORK Procedure for all the activity for safe execution (routine and

non-routine activities)

TRAINING SUPERVISION AND COMPETANCY OF STAFF Provision of trainings to workers to create awareness about

hazards and risks in the work Trainings should be providing information's and instructions Work to be supervised to ensure it is done with minimal risk Workers, Supervisors, Managers to be competent

LEGAL/SOCIAL REASON

CONSEQUENCES OF NON COMPLIANCE FORMAL ENFORCEMENT ACTION

To make improvements at the workplace Within time period By stopping the activity

PROSECUTION OF THE ORGANISATION IN THE CRIMINAL COURT Punishment in the form of fine

PROSECUTION OF THE INDIVIDUALS Punishment in the form of fine and

imprisonment Directors, Managers, Workers

FINANCIAL/ECOMOMIC REASON

ACCIDENTS AND ILLL HEALTH COST MONEY TO THE ORGANISATION

ACCIDENTS SUFFER

DIRECT COSTS

INDIRECT COSTS

LEGAL/SOCIAL REASON

DIRECT COSTS

1. Fines in the criminal courts

2. Compensation payable to the victim

3. First aid treatment

4. Worker sick pay

5. Lost or damaged product

6. Lost production time

7. Overtime

8. Rehabilitation (recovery) of the injured worker

LEGAL/SOCIAL REASONINDIRECT COSTS

1. Loss of staff from productive duty during investigation, hospital visit, dealing with relative, attending court proceedings

2. Loss of staff morale

3. Cost of remedial action following an investigation (change of process or material, introduction of new controls)

4. Compliance with enforcement notice

5. Difficulty in recruiting and training staff

6. Loss of goodwill of customers (delays in production and fulfilling orders)

7. Activation of penalty clauses (not meeting the delivery dates)

8. Damage to public image and business reputation

9. Damage to industrial relationship

LEGAL/SOCIAL REASON

INSURED COSTS UNINSURED COSTSDamage to plant, buildings & Equipment's

Production delays or down times

Compensation paid to workers

Loss of raw materials due to accidents

Medical Costs Accident investigation time

Legal Costs (Civil Claim) Criminal fines & legal costs

Sick pay for injured workers

Overtime to makeup for lost production

Hiring & Training new employees

Loss of business reputation

ROLE OF NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS AND INTERNATIONAL BODIES

NO DEFINED INTERNATIONAL HSE LAWS

INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANISATIONS HAS DEFINED CERTAIN STANDARDS ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY

CONVENTIONS RECOMMENDATIONS

COUNTRIES DEVELOP THEIR OWN HEALTH AND SAFETY STANDARDS BASED ON ILO STANDARDS AND PROJECT THEM AS LEGISLATIONS AND STANDARDS

EMPLOYER’S RESPONSIBILITIES TO PROVIDE WORKPLACES AND WORK EQUIPMENT,

AND USE WORK METHODS, WHICH ARE SAFE AND NO RISK TO HEALTH

TO PROVIDE APPROPRIATE INSTRUCTIONS AND TRAININGS

TO PROVIDE NECESSARY SUPERVISION

TO PUT IN PLACE HEALTH & SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS ADAPTED TO SUIT THE SZE AND NATURE OF THE UNDERTAKING

TO PROVIDE ANY NECESSARY PERSONAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND EQUIPMENT FREE OF CHARGE

TO ENSURE THAT THE HOURS OF WORK DO NOT ADVERSLY AFFECT EMPLOYEES SAFETY AND HEALTH

TO REMOVE ANY EXTREME PHYSICAL AND MENTAL FATIGUE

TO STAY UP TO DATE WITH KNOWLEDGE IN OREDER TO COMPLY WITH THE ABOVE

EMPLOYEE’S RESPONSIBILITIES

1) TAKE RESPONSIBLE CARE OF THEIR OWN SAFETY AND SAFETY OF OTHER PEOPLE

2) COMPLY WITH SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS AND PROCEDURES

3) USE ALL SAFETY EQUIPMENT PROPERLY AND NOT TAMPER WITH IT

4) REPORT ANY SITUATION WHICH THEY BELIEVE COULD BE AHAZARD AND WHICH THEY CANNOT THEMSELVES CORRECT

5) REPORT ANY WORK RELATED ACCIDENTS OR ILL HEALTH

EMPLOYEE’S RIGHT

1. THE RIGHT TO BE PROVIDED WITH ADEUATE INFORMATION ON ACTIONS THE EMPLOYER HAS TAKEN TO ENSURE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

2. THE RIGHT TO THE NECESSARY TRAINING IN OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

3. THE RIGHT TO BE CONSULTED BY THE EMPLOYER ON ALL MATTERS OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH RELATING TO THEIR WORK

4. THE RIGHT TO LEAVE A WORKPLACE WHICH HE HAS REASON TO THINK PRESENTS AN IMMIMENT AND SERIOUS DANGER TO HIS LIFE OR HEALTH AND NOT BE COMPELLED TO RETURN UNTIL IT IS SAFE