22C-6-20150426181420

DefinitionsWelfare Looking after the basicneeds of people. NEOS[f International General Certificate Module 1Summary

Benefits of Good Health and Safety

Practice:Increased levels of compliance.

Punishment of organizations usually a fine or restriction of activities. Punishment for individuals - could be jail, fir,e, restriction of offices held or all ofEnvironment The surroundings inwhich the organization operates including land, air, water, natural resources, fauna, flora and humans and their inter- relationships.Ill Health:Acute Short-term exposure with immediate effect, usually reversible. Chronic = Long-term or repeated exposure with delayed effect, often irreversible.Accident = An unwanted, unforeseen, unplanned event which results in loss.Incident/Near miss Art unwanted,unforeseen, unplanned eventwith the potential to result in

Hazard = Something with the potential to cause harm. PhysicalChemical Biological Ergonomic PsychologicalRisk = The likelihood that harm will occur and the severity of the harm.Safety Culture = The product of individual and group values, attitudes, competencies and patterns of behavior that determine the commitment to and proficiency of anorganisations Health and Safety.Immediate or direct cause of an accident = The unsafe act or condition that caused the accident.

The root or underlying cause of an accident = The failure of management systems and procedures that allowed an unsafe act or condition to occurpoor risk assessment procedure, lack of supervision, no defect reporting system.

Improved production.Improved staff morale. Improved company reputation. Reduced accidents.Reduced ill health.Reduced damage to equipment. Reduced stafl complaints. Reduced staff turnover.Reduced insurance premiums.Reduced fines and compensationpayouts

Reasons for Good Health and Safety

Practice: Moral Legal Financial

Employers responsibilities: The employer must provide: Safe environment.Safe buildings.Safe plant and equipment. Safe systems of work. Competent staff. Adequate supervision. Adequate instructions.

Workers responsibilities:To protect themselves and thosearound them.Co-operate with their employer. Report any tituation that presents a significant danger.Ta receive adequate information,instruction and training.The worker (or represenrotive) should be consulted by their employer on all aspects of health and safety.

Legal SystemCivil Law:The aim is to compensate an injuredparty for loss suffered.There are 2 types of civil liability:Fault liabilityNo fault liability

Fault liability: Injured party must provethat:There was a duty of care owed. Duty of care owed was breached. The breach caused the loss/injury/ill health/death.No Fault liability: The injured party doesnot have to prove that the employer wasnegligent.

Criminal Law:The aim to punish arid deter individualsand organizations from behaving in away that is unacceptable to society. the above.

Direct costs of AccidentsLost time of injured worker and any continued payments to worker or family.Damage to equipment, tools, property,plant or materials.Medical or hospitalization costs.Time and materials to clean up after theaccident.

Indirect costs of Accidents (hiddencosts)Lost time by other workers (curiosity,sympathy, morale)Lost time assisting, investigating, arranging for new staff, preparing reports.Failure to fill customers orders on time.

Hidden Costs of Accidents: Accident investigation. Payments to injured person.Payments for non-productive time.Replacement labour.Training for replacement labour.Business interruption.Loss of reputation.Repair or epiacemeM of damaged plant.Legal fees.Insurance.

Uninsured costs (8-36 times greater thaninsured costs)

Sources of Information Internal Sources:Risk assessments.Inspection reports.Accident/incident records.Medical reports.Safety representatives. Safety committee reports. Company safety policy. Maintenance reports.

External Sources:Government organizations EnforcingAuthoritiesProfessional institutions IOSH World Health Organisation ILO Suppliers and manufacturers. Consultants and specialists. Insurance companies and workers unions.

Elements of HSGS5 Health andSafety Management Systems:POP MR A NEBOS)-I International General Certificate Module 1Summary3 Arrangements (WHAT) - Set out inTargetsdetail the systems and procedures forImportant because:implementing the safety policy - forThey give evidence of managementexample safe systems of work,

Policy:Sets out Health and Safety aims and

Issues included in Organization: commitment.They motivate staff by giving themsomething to aim for.objectives of the organisation and Clear roles and responsibilities for all Management commitment.Safety policy should be signed by the most senior person in the organisation because; health and safety responsibilitiesallocated.Competence. From recruitment throughto staff transfers and training. - KATE ineffective Health and SafetyPoliCiesNo commitment or leadership.Itshows management commitment. Control. Policies, procedures, auditing, No annual objectives.it gives the policy authority.The person who signed it has ultimate responsibility.

Organisatlon: 5CsClear rTJies and responsibilities.Competence. KATEControl. (policies, procedures) Co-operation obtained through consultation.Communication. (Should flow in all supervision and management involvement. Allocating responsibilities accountabilities, instruction, supervision to achieve control of ll&S.Cooperation. is assisted by consultationand demonstrates management commitment internally between individuals, groups, departments, including consultation with H&5 reps and externally between clients suppliers and contractors. Health and safety not given enoughpriority.Insufficient resources provided.Personnel do not understand the aims.Too much emphasis on employeeresponsibility.No measurement of performance.Management unaware of their role.No training of management intheirresponsibilities.directions) Communication. Needs to flow irs all Employers responsibilities towards

Planning and Implementation:Generate SMART objectives.identify hazards, access risks and decide how risks can be eliminated or controlled.Set standards against which performancecan be measured.

Measuring PerformanceUsed as a means of determining the extent to which heaith and safety policy and objectives are being implemented. It should be both:Proactive. Safety performancemeasurements made before anaccident happens directions. Verbai, written, visible,example

Issues included irs Arrangements: Sets out in detail how the requirements of the poliqr will be met This will irjdude procedures and arrangements for pianning,organication, control, monitoring and review.The procedures might include:Risk assessments.COSHH assessments Control ofsubstances hazardous to health.Safe systems of work.Permits to work.Eectncai work, hotwork, confinedspaces.Manual handling. Employees:Provide safe plant and equipment.information, instruction, training andsupervision (ITIS).Sate place of work, access and egress. Safe environment and welfare facilities. Provide a Safety policy.Consult and inform employees. Perform risk assessments.Provide effective health anti safetymanagement.Competent health and safety assistance.Health surveillance.

Precautions for visitor safetySigning in.Providing identification badges.Reactive. Safety performancemeasurements made on information Policies and proceduresTraining programmes. Fire. First aid Providing personal protectiveequipment.resulting from accidents and ill-health.

Reviewing PerformanceAnalysing data gathered through monitoring to see whether performance Is adequate.

AuditSystematic critical examination of eachstage of an organisationsmanagement systems and procedures.

Components of Safety policy:I Statement of intent (WHAT) Demonstrates Managements commitment to health and safety and sets the H&S aims arid objectives Organization (WHO) - To identify H&S roles & responsibilities and reportmg linet within the company. This involves Competence Control Co operation and Communication Maintenance of plant and equipment.Houselceeplng.Storage, transportation, handling.Radiation, dust, noise, fumes.PPE personal protective equipment.

The safety policy should bereviewed:After:Prosecutions Enforcement Action Compensation Claims Review period expires Professional Advise Accidents or incidents. Changes in:Organisation. Processes. Materials. Premises. Legislation. Work patterns.Risk assessments. Site induction e.g. fire precautions.Escorting viSitor to area of work.Remain with visitor back to receptionarea.Signing out visitor and removing badge.

Duties of Employees:Protect themselves and others fromdanger.Co-operation with employer.Not to interfere with anything providedfor safety.Follow instructions and training given.Inform employer of dangers and problems with health and safety arrangements.