Idp presentation on Consumer Behavior towards online shopping in Jamnagar city
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Transcript of IDP Class presentation
INTERNALLY
DISPLACED PERSONS
IN CONFLICT AREAS
Jean-Patrick PERRIN Milena MIKAEL-DEBASS
I. General Facts
a. Definitions : Difference between IDP/refugee
IDPs are :
“... persons or groups of persons who have been
forced or obliged to flee or to leave their homes or
places of habitual residence, in particular as a
result of or in order to avoid the effects of armed
conflict, situations of generalized violence,
violations of human rights or natural or human-
made disasters, and who have not crossed an
internationally recognized State border.” (UN’s
Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement)
A refugee is :
"A person who owing to a well-founded fear of beingpersecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality,membership of a particular social group or political opinion, isoutside the country of his nationality and is unable or, owing tosuch fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of thatcountry; or who, not having a nationality and being outside thecountry of his former habitual residence as a result of suchevents, is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to returnto it..’’
(UN Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, asamended by the 1967 protocol)
“Excuse me, are you an IDP, a refugee
or a migrant? Are you a victim of conflict
or another situation of violence? Oh,
you are a nomad. Are you migrating
because of conflict or because it is your
way of life?”
JordiRaich, ICRC’s head of delegation
in Sudan (2009)
b. Types/causes of internal displacement
General causes of displacement:
- Armed conflicts/Generalized violence
- Violation of human rights
Types of forced displacement :
- The forced displacement and relocation of people to isolate and combat insurgency movements
- The grouping of population in peace villages to ensure their protection
- Altering demographic composition in some region
- The struggle for control of strategic territories, or resources
- Plus natural and human-made disasters
c. Global and regional statistics
Source: Internal displacement monitoring centre
IDP Service Providers
Challenges facing IDPs
Propertyloss
FamilySeparation
Insecurity
Risk of sexual violence
Forcedrecruitment
Restrictedaccess to health
care services
Challenges for IDP
Service Providers
• Governmentcooperation
• Access to information
WFP survey: ¼ of people surveyed not registered
• IdentifyingIDPs
Urbanpoor or migrant vs. IDP
Challenges for IDP
Service Providers
Resettlement/reintegration
• 2006: Ugandangvt. declares
all IDPs free to return home
• More than 1.2 million
displaced in 150 camps in
Acholi sub-region
Challenges for IDP
Service Providers
• Security in camps
• ML&E capacity
o Workshops on UN GuidingPrincipleswithspecializedgvt. Agencies
o Training large numbers of UN staff
o Implementation of follow-upactivities
III. Situation Analysis: Case studies to illustrate challenges
a. Short termconflict-induceddisplacement : Pakistan
source: UNHABITAT
- Situation of IDPs outside official camps is similarly critical- Organisations involved in the crisis lack reliable data to estimate IDPs’ needs.
Organizing IDPs camps posed huge challenges
The lack of cooperation between local administration and organisations impeded aid delivery
Colombia IDP Profile
• Cause of displacement:
• FARC, Paramilitary/government violent clashes
• Forcible appropriation of land
• Statistics:
• 3.6 to 5.9 million displaced
• 290,000 newly displaced in 2009
• 1/3 of IDP population are indigenous or Afro-Colombians
• IDP women are particularly marginalized
Colombia- Challenges facing IDPs
• Housing
• HumanitarianAid
• Livelihoodsopp.
• Land rights
Who is intervening?
• Funded by Norway,
Germany, Canada and
USA
• GovernmentAgencies
• Local and national NGOs
• OperationalPartners
UNHCR Response
Threekey objectives :
• Community participation and
mobilization
• Data collection and sharing
• Improve the land registry
system and legalframework
to allow IDP to holdtitle to
their land
National Response
• IDP issue: “Unconstitutional state of affairs” in 2004
• Extensive legislation making provisions for IDPs
• Reforms for increased resources available to municipal
authorities mandated to provide IDP services
• 2010: New administration presents a land restitution
bill to Congress
Job opportunities
ORGANIZATIONS
UNHCR/UNDP/UNOCHA
IOM
ICRC
ECHO
USAID
IRC
AVSI
Mercy Hands
NorwegianRefugee Council
SKILLS IN DEMAND
Camp/programmanagement
ML&E
Interpreters/Translators
Medical staff
Publichealth
Finance/accounting
Agriculture/environmental