1. Internet Identity For All Lai Heng ChoongManager, Application & Development IDN Awareness 19th April 2011 IDN for Malaysian .my DOMAIN REGISTRY 2011

2. Agenda o What is IDN o Country Supported IDN o How IDN works o IDN, IPv6 and DNSSEC o IDN and Security o IDN Applications o Why need IDN o IDN in Malaysia o Issues and Challenges o Launch PlanInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 2

3. What is IDNInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential

4. What is IDN An IDN or internationalized domain name or also call Multilingual domain name is an Internet domain name that contains at least one Unicode characters other than basic 37ASCII characters (a-z, 0-9 and -) Example : ASCII IDN Malaysia.my .my .my .myInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 4

5. Level of Domain name Top level and Second Level Domain Name Level Example Example IDN Domain Top Level .my . Second Level .com.my . Third Level .domainregistry. .. com.my Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 5

6. What is IDN IDNs have existed as second level since 2003 .com , .com and available under various TLDs, such as .com, .net, .org etc Some of ccTLD also starting support IDN since then Domain Language / Script maleisi.nl Dutch .kr Korean .jp Japanese .th Thai m.ru Russian .eg ArabicInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 6

7. Top level IDN Now some countries has started to support Top Level IDN Second Level IDN Top Level IDN . my . .my . .my . .cn . .my . .Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 7

8. Countries Supported IDN in Top LevelInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential

9. ccTLD that Support IDN 13 ccTLD As per 3-3-2011 ccTLD/ Primary String String in Language/ Country English Script CN/ China xn--fiqs8S , China Simplified Chinese, xn--fiqz9S , Traditional Chinese EG/ xn--wgbh1c Egypt Arabic/ Egypt Arabic HK/ xn--j6w193g Hong Kong Chinese/ Hong Kong Han (Simplified, Traditional) JO/ xn--mgbayh7gpa Al-Ordon Arabic/ Jordan ArabicInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 9

10. ccTLD that Support IDN 13 ccTLD ccTLD/ Primary String String in Language/ country English Script PS/Palestinian xn--ygbi2ammx Palestine Arabic/ Arabic QA/ Qatar xn--wgbl6a Qatar Arabic/ Arabic RU/Russian xn--p1ai RF Russian/Cyrillic Federation SA/Saudi Arabia xn--mgberp4a5d4ar AlSaudiah Arabic/Arabic AE/United Arab xn--mgbaam7a8h Emarat Arabic/ Arabic Emirates Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 10

11. ccTLD that Support IDN 13 ccTLD ccTLD/ Primary String String in Language/ country English Script territory LK/Sri Lanka xn--fzc2c9e2c Lanka Sinhalese Ilangai Tamil/ Sinhala xn--xkc2al3hye2a Tamil TW/ Taiwan xn--nnx388a Taiwan/ Simplified Chinese, Chinese Traditional Chinese TH/Thailand xn--o3cw4h Thai Thai/ Thai TN/Tunisia xn--pgbs0dh Tunis Arabic/ Arabic Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 11

12. How IDN WorksInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential

13. How IDN Works IP Domain DNS Address DNS is not support Non ASCII Characters IDNA (Internationalizing Domain Names in Applications)Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 13

14. How IDN Works Internationalizing Domain Names in Applications (IDNA) is a mechanism defined in 2003 for handling internationalized domain names containing non- ASCII characters. IDNA is a client based protocol: 1. User types in .my in for example a browser (IDN aware browser) 2. . my gets converted to ASCII Characters 3. IDNA conversion xn--mgbx4cd0ab.myInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 14

15. Puny Code Puny code is a sequence of ASCII characters that all IDNs will be encoded into in order for the Domain Name System (DNS) to understand and manage the names. It is an algorithm that uniquely and reversibly transforms Unicode strings into the limited character set supported by the DNS. A converted IDN contains only ACSII characters and starts with the xn-- prefix.Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 15

16. IDN in DNS IP .my DNS Address xn-- IP mgbx4cd0a DNS Address b.myInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 16

17. Browse with IDN Domain Name Webserver .my 192.228.180.23 / 2001:328:1000:3::23 xn--ggblkrmbm4llqzcad903b.my DNSInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 17

18. IDN, IPv6 and DNSSECInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential

19. IDN and IPv6 Since puny code will be represent IDN in DNS, so there will be no different to ASCII domain in DNS xn--mgbx4cd0ab.my AAAA 2001:21:e33d::23e:22 The introduction of IDN will require more IP address space which is no more guaranteed by the remaining IPv4 address pool expected to be depleted by 2012. IPv6 will therefore extend the needed IP address capacity for IDN deployment around the world.Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 19

20. IDN and DNSSEC Similar to IPv6, since the puny code will be represent IDN in DNS zone, then there will be no impact when implementing DNSSEC for IDN domain nameInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 20

21. IDN ApplicationsInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential

22. IDN Applications Internet applications must handle message in multiple languagesInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 22

23. IDN Applications Applications must allow users to enter text in multiple languagesInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 23

24. IDN Applications Applications must handle content in multiple languagesInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 24

25. IDN Utilities Will work in all major browsers (include mobile phones) IDN Email is already working Will it affect SEO? (local content with local language URLs) Applications will start adopting/using IDNsInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 25

26. IDN and SecurityInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential

27. IDN and Security IDNs May Cause Increase in Phishing Attacks or IDN-spoofing attacks that are possible due to visually similar symbols Example 1 : ahoomoney.com => U+03D2 Yahoomoney.com Y=> U+00DD Example 2 : .com.my => U+94F6 .com.my => U+9280Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 27

28. Why need IDNInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 28

29. Top Languages in the InternetInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 29

30. Top Languages in the InternetInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 30

31. Why need IDN IDNs Improve Accessibility to the Internet IDNs provide a convenient mechanism for users to access Web sites in their preferred language Introduce your services or products to the people who are not using EnglishInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 31

32. Who will benefit Public, they can register domain with they own language Company & Business minded people who would like to expand their services or products to the world, for those who are not using English for Internet Government agencies and institutions promoting services to other country. For example universities promoting to foreign studentsInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 32

33. IDN in MalaysiaInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential

34. IDN in Malaysia (.my) 1) Malaysia is a multiracial country 34 1) Malay (Jawi) 2) Chinese (Simplify Chinese) 3) Indian (Tamil) 4) Others 2) National language is Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) 1) Official education system uses Latin script (a z and 0 - 9) 2) People in Malaysia basically understand and able to write all Latin scriptInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential

35. IDN in Malaysia (.my) 1. So, most of the Malaysian has no issues to use 35 Latin script domain name 1. www.tuition.my => English 2. www.tuisyen.my => Bahasa Malaysia(Malay) 2. IDN is more on social / community/ cultural preservation instead of the commercial needInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential

36. About myIDN myIDN is one of the .my DOMAIN REGISTRY Research and Development projects Objectives To represent Jawi, Chinese and Tamil characters in .my Domain Name Gain knowledge and experience of using multi language domain names and share it with the Internet community Expand a unique identity of Malaysian domain name Enhance DNS technology at .my ccTLD. As a preservation of heritageInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 36

37. myIDN Development Policy Technical AwarenessInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 37

38. IDN in Malaysia (.my) Research and Development was started 2007Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 38

39. Test bed Test bed was launched in 2009 (Jawi) & 2010 (Chinese & Tamil)Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 39

40. Type of IDN supported by .my .my will support 3 scripts of IDN, which are Jawi, Chinese and Tamil. As a start, we will launch 2nd level IDNs in Jawi script (for example: ..my, ..my). Jawi Chinese Tamil .my .my .my xn-- xn--yeto6u.my xn-- mgba6a9dd6ab. hlc3bek6de8c.my myInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 40

41. Top level String Which Top Level should use to represent Malaysia? . Country name . Short form for Malaysia . Short form for Chinese in China . Country name . my . Country name . myInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 41

42. Top Level IDN for Malaysia Issues in selection Top Level IDN in Malaysia . = .malaysia . = .my All communities in IDN Jawi agree to choose Malaysia in full name as .IDN in Fast Track due to the requirements of IDN which is : The IDN ccTLD string(s) must be a meaningful representation of the name of the corresponding country.Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 42

43. Top Level IDN for Malaysia .Malaysia ASCII character . . . IDN in Malaysia will present in 3 language charactersInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential

44. Issues & ChallengesInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential

45. Technical Issues ( Jawi) 1. Rules of the Jawi number www.rama-rama.my www..my www.rama22.my www..my www.999.my www. .my Mix Jawi number & www. 9 .my ASCII number Mix Jawi alphabet & www..2my ASCII numberInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 45

46. Technical Issues ( Jawi) 2. Jawi Letter Hamzah Three Quarter Use in daily Jawi Not in Unicode table Cant convert to punycode 3. Variants issue harimau (have 2 different characters represent h in Jawi) Jawi language table was submitted to IANA IDN Repository on July 2010 http://www.iana.org/domains/idn-tables/Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 46

47. Technical Issues (Chinese) Traditional () and Simplified () Chinese (Gymnastics) Most Chinese users in Malaysia can read both forms But prefer one form for writing Hong Kong, Taiwan use Traditional Chinese China, Singapore use Simplified Chinese Malaysia mixed? If a user in China sees .my, she might enter .my will she find the right web site?Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 47

48. Technical Issues (Chinese) 1. Since Chinese users treat the variants as equal 2. When a Chinese IDN is registered, both the traditional version and simplified version should be given to them. We call this bundling Example: User wants to register .my (Stadium) Both .my and .my will be registered to the same user at the same time Simplified Chinese users will use the former, traditional Chinese users will use the latter. Both works.Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 48

49. Technical Issues (Chinese) What if someone entered .my ? Could be due to copy and paste or switched to traditional input by mistake? Since the domain is not registered in the bundle, user will get an error 4 possible combinations .my .my .my .my If the IDN has more variants, even more combinations. Example: has 64 combinations Infeasible to have all different combinations in DNS. We need to educate users to avoid mixing variants.Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 49

50. Technical Issues (Chinese) .my origin .my .my .my simplified .my reserved traditional Zone fileInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 50

51. Technical Issues (Chinese) Other variant issues Characters use for certain words are different between Malaysian local Chinese and Oversea Chinese Example (Durian) : (Malaysia) /(China / Taiwan / Hong Kong) Use the language table developed by CDNC (The Chinese Domain Name Consortium)Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 51

52. Top Level Variants for Chinese Characters Top Level variants issue for Chinese IDN If . will use for the extension 8 variants Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 52

53. Technical Issues (Tamil) 1. Only Tamil script is commonly use in the Indian community in Malaysia 2. Variant Tamil Characters 4 variant characters in Tamil, same shapes but use differently. Use in numerals, numerals in Tamil are not use in Malaysia and not allow for Tamil domain name. 3. Use Tamil Unicode table from IndiaInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 53

54. Launching PlanInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential

55. IDN 2LD & TLD Implementation Plan IDN.ASCII .my In Jawi In Tamil In Chinese 2LD IDN in Malaysia will be in 3 language (Jawi, Chinese, Tamil) scripts IDN.IDN (Top Level) . TLD IDN in Malaysia will be in Jawi scripts first then followed by Chinese and Tamil script.Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential

56. IDN 2LD Launch Plan Launch in 3 Phases 56 Final Phase I Phase II Launch 3 months 1 month 3 months 2 monthsInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential

57. Launching Schedule Phase Duration Application open for 9am 24 January Submit via .my DOMAIN government agencies 2011 REGISTRY and government 5pm 30 April educational entities only. 2011 Application open for 9am 1 Jun 2011 Submit via .my DOMAIN existing .my domain REGISTRY Acceptance of name registrants 5pm 31 August applications from public 2011 on first-come- first-served basis. Public Launch TBC There are no confirmed dates yet for Chinese and Tamil IDNs, but it will be after Jawi IDN public launch. The detailed information will be announced in our corporate website.Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 57

58. IDN Specification 1. Jawi, Chinese and Tamil Characters for second level .my domain name 2. Contact information (registrant, admin, technical, billing) do not support non-ASCII characters 3. Both native characters and puny code domain will be appear in all the relevant user interface, include registration, renewal, transfer, modification, email notice and whois 4. DNS hostname is not support IDN 5. No glue record in DNS for IDN domain nameInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 58

59. IDN WhoisInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 59

60. How much ? FREE of 1st YEARInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 60

61. Jawi IDN domain name IDN Punycode Organization .my xn--rgbk9dd.my Jabatan Wakaf Zakat dan Haji (GOV) Jabatan Perdana Menteri .my xn--dhbh51a.my Majlis Perbandaran Kuantan .my xn-- MYNIC BERHAD ggblkrmbm4llqzcad90 3bInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 61

62. How to register Goto www.domainregistry.my Register Domain Make new Registration Select Register Jawi IDN Now!Internet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 62

63. Jawi KeyboardInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 63

64. Example WebsitesInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential

65. Example Jawi websites local content Media Media 65 Social EducationInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 65

66. Example Chinese website contents Media Society 66 education commercialInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 66

67. Example Tamil website contents Media : e- newspaper in Tamil society 67 commercialInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 67

68. THANK YOU TERIMA KASIH www.domainregistry.my http://rnd.domainregistry.my/idn http://idn.domainregistry.my Email : idn@domainregistry.myInternet Identity for All MYNIC Berhad 2011 Strictly Private & Confidential 68