IDN Development in Taiwan
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Transcript of IDN Development in Taiwan
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Content IDN Services IDN Standard .tw Registration Policy .tw Registration & Resolution Registry/Registrar Framework Implementation & Application
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IDN service- Specific Chinese DN (xxxx. 商業 .tw)Launch: May, 2000Register one English DN get one free corresponding Specific Chinese DN
Fee: Free
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IDN service- Generic Chinese DN ( 中文 .tw)
Version 1Launch: Feb, 2001Code: UTF8 Buy one traditional; get one simplified
Version 2Launch: Nov, 2003Code: PunycodeAccording to Language Variant Table
RFC 3490 RFC 3491 RFC 3743RFC 3492
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DNS RFC1034/1035
IDN RFC3490-3492
JET IDN AdminGuideline RFC 3743
Language Variant Table
CDNC CDNAdmin
Guideline
TW & CNLanguage Variant Table
Enable InternationalizedDN on DNS
Handle variantcharacters onIDN
Handle TC/SC variant on Chinese DN
IDN standard
apply
apply
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Chinese characters issues Traditional/Simplified Chinese character mapping
Ex: 台 臺 Writing style variant mapping
Ex: 峰 峯 Meanings are the same, characters differently in different countries
Ex: In China: 劝 (529D); In Japan: 勧 (52E7);In Taiwan: 勸 (52F8)
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Vcp
Vcp vcp vcp Vcp
VcpVcpVcp
vcpvcp
Pv
Pv Pv
pvPv
*Basic Chinese characters including all valid code points can be partitioned into thousands of groups, called CVs .*Each CV can be represented as some vcp, called PV.
The concept of Language Variant Table
CV
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The distribution of different length character variant
The length of character variant
Len-1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Number of groups
1163059.6%
559028.6%
15459.96%
4802.45%
1600.81%
720.36%
350.17%
80.04%
*length-k CV means it consists of k VCPs
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Valid code point(VCP)
preferred variant by .tw(twpV)
Character Variant(s)
(CV)
葉 (8449) 葉 (8449) 叶 (53F6)葉 (8449)
叶 (53F6) 葉 (8449) 叶 (53F6)葉 (8449)
个 (4E2A) 個 (500B)个 (4E2A)個 (500B)箇 (7B87)
個 (500B) 個 (500B)个 (4E2A)個 (500B)箇 (7B87)
箇 (7B87) 個 (500B)个 (4E2A)個 (500B)箇 (7B87)
.tw Language Variant Table sample
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Valid code point(VCP)
preferred variant by .tw(twpV)
preferred variant by .cn(cnpV)
Character Variant(s)
(CV)
葉 (8449) 葉 (8449) 叶 (53F6) 叶 (53F6)葉 (8449)
叶 (53F6) 葉 (8449) 叶 (53F6) 叶 (53F6)葉 (8449)
个 (4E2A) 個 (500B) 个 (4E2A)个 (4E2A)個 (500B)箇 (7B87)
個 (500B) 個 (500B) 个 (4E2A)个 (4E2A)個 (500B)箇 (7B87)
箇 (7B87) 個 (500B) 个 (4E2A)个 (4E2A)個 (500B)箇 (7B87)
.tw & .cn Language Variant Table sample
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Current .tw IDN Registration Policy Basic principle
First come , First serve No restrictions for applicants
IDN Structure restrictions At least 2 Chinese characters The length can not exceed 63 bytes in punycode Interleaving simplified character into traditional character is prohibited
Fee –NT$900 per/year
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.tw Registration &Resolution Registration
Register one Original Domain Name can get traditional &simplified Preferred Variants respectively, also own Character Variants which are reserved.
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A Sample of .tw Registration
台網中心 .twTraditional 台網中心 .tw
Simplified 台网中心 .tw
檯網中心檯網中心 .tw,.tw,檯网中心檯网中心 .tw.tw籉網中心籉網中心 .tw.tw籉网中心籉网中心 .tw.tw臺網中心臺網中心 .tw.tw臺网中心臺网中心 .tw.tw颱網中心颱網中心 .tw.tw颱网中心颱网中心 .tw.twOriginal DN
TC/SC Preferred Variant
Character Variant
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.tw Registration & Resolution Resolving
put original domain name and traditional & simplified Preferred Variant into the Zone file
Indirect Resolving Look up the reserved Character Variants
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A Sample of .tw Registration
台網中心 .twTraditional 台網中心 .tw
Simplified 台网中心 .tw
檯網中心檯網中心 .tw,.tw,檯网中心檯网中心 .tw.tw籉網中心籉網中心 .tw.tw籉网中心籉网中心 .tw.tw臺網中心臺網中心 .tw.tw臺网中心臺网中心 .tw.tw颱網中心颱網中心 .tw.tw颱网中心颱网中心 .tw.tw
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.tw Registration & Resolution DiagramService Resolution
Register .twIDN
CV
simplifiedtraditional
Zone File
Reserved
Indirect Resolving
resolving
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Registry
Registrar
RegistryDB
RegistrarDB
EPP
Registry/Registrar Framework
Support non-ASCIIUTF8 encoding
Non-ASCII Domain Name
Zone file
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IDN Implementation and application- service providers
Set up DNS zone "." {type hint;file "named.ca";}; zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" {type master;file "named.local";};zone " 中文大學 .TW" {type master;file "chinese.edu.tw";};
zone "." {type hint;file "named.ca";}; zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" {type master;file "named.local";};zone "xn--fiq80y3xbiwr.TW" {type master;file "chinese.edu.tw";};
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IDN Implementation and application- service providers
Set up Webserver Modify 【 httpd.conf 】
<VirtualHost 中文大學 .tw> DocumentRoot /usr/local/www/data ServerName 中文大學 .tw</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost xn--fiq80y3xbiwr.tw> DocumentRoot /usr/local/www/data ServerName xn--fiq80y3xbiwr.tw</VirtualHost>
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IDN Implementation and application- internet users Download Client-end Software Perform
Namepref (Mapping, Normalization, Prohibition) translate IDN to punycode translate punycode to IDN and display in address bar
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IDN Implementation & Application -Whois DB
Input local encoding or punycode to query Look up Language Variant Table for each query Display VCP, twPV, cnPV and CV IDN simultaneously
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.tw CDN statistics
75559
88560
108960
117738117640
113625108483
107590106213
104200103094
104117
107436
105808
106683107434
108236107776
108341108959
110032110709
110407112430
113051112367
112316111252
113355113981
114343114720
114802115252
115863116257
116762
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
2000
.06
2000
.12
2001
.02
2001
.06
2001
.12
2002
.06
2002
.12
2003
.01
2003
.02
2003
.03
2003
.04
2003
.05
2003
.06
2003
.07
2003
.08
2003
.09
2003
.10
2003
.11
2003
.12
2004
.01
2004
.02
2004
.03
2004
.04
2004
.05
2004
.06
2004
.07
2004
.08
2004
.09
2004
.10
2004
.11
2004
.12
2005
.01
2005
.02
2005
.03
2005
.04
2005
.05
2005
.06
IDN.tw .商業.tw .組織 .tw .網路.tw
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Proposal to ICANN for Internationalized ccTLD: CDNC’s members Consensus
5 principles to ICANN for Internationalized ccTLD Implement IDN ccTLD as priority Each ccTLD only allows keeping one IDN ccTLDEach ccTLD Registry chooses its own IDNEach IDN ccTLD should be registered, and then operated in ICANN’s DNS root server The proposal should explain lucidly about IDN ccTLD – pros and cons
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Thank you !
www.twnic.net.tw