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Identification[Introduction and

Medicolegal Circumstances]Nursolihah Ramly

08-6-199

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Definition

the establishment (determination) of theindividuality of a living or dead person.

successful

family and friends

investigating expertsother interested

parties

pathologists, physiciansand dentists, anatomists,physical anthropologists

and experts in evaluationof various trace

evidences.

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Types

Complete Partial

a.k.a absolute identificationincomplete identification

perfect fixation ofindividuality of a person

ascertainment of only sometraits or characteristicsregarding the identity

Legal

identification

Personal

identification

Civil

identification

Criminal

identification

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Medicolegal Importance

In Living Persons In Dead Persons

Medicalpurposes

Civil purposes

Criminalpurposes

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In impersonation or false personification cases in relation with:

Inheritance of property

Pension

Life insurance

Voting rights

Passport

Disputed sex

Disputed paternity

at marriage

on employment

call for military services

Civil purposes

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Lost memory patients (true amnesia).

Unconscious patient

Those with mental confusion

C) Criminal cases:

Identification of accused in criminal offenses of assault,murder, dacoit, sexual offenses etc.

Interchange of new born babies in hospital

to fix-up age of criminal responsibility and majority

Impersonation in criminal cases.

In kidnapping

Medical purposes

Criminal purposes

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Recently dead or mutilated and decomposed bodies and inskeletal remains.

During medicolegal examination, doctor should record atleast two identification marksand the marks should bedescribed in all certificates issued by him.

In Dead Persons

Missing person &presumed dead

Mass disaster

In accidents

In crimes

To issue death

certificate & allowburial

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Latin: "body of crime"; plural: corpora delicti

referring to the principle that a crime must have been provento have occurred before a person can be convicted ofcommitting that crime.

GeneralAll corpus delictirequires at a minimum:

1) The occurrence of the specific injury

2) some intentional, knowing act as the source of the injury.

For example:

Homicide

Identification of dead body i.e. the identity of victim (i.e. the

person who had died).

Conclusive evidence that the death was caused by thecriminal act.

However, cases had occurred in which commission of crimehad been established even in absence of corpus delicti.

Corpus delicti