Ideas, Standardisation, and Practical Application Rumbaugh, et al.; 1991 State Charts Harel; 1987...

OMG Information Days, London, 2003-06-10

UML 2Ideas, Standardisation, and Practical Application

Prof. Mario Jeckle

Fachhochschule [email protected]

http://www.jeckle.de

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2M. Jeckle: UML 2 --- Ideas, Standardisation, and Practical Application . OMG Information Days, London, 2003-06-10

jeck

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eContent of this Presentation

UML 2

StandardisationPractical

Application

smaller

Ideas

moreprecise

executable

Proposals

Roadmap Interde-pendencies

Metamodel

newDiagramms

enhancedDiagramms

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eUML ...

Some Backgrounds on a Standardisation Odyssey

OODBooch; 1992

OOSAShlear, Mellor; 1991

OMTRumbaugh, et al.; 1991

State ChartsHarel; 1987

OBABailin; 1989

OOACoad, Yourdan; 1991

OOA&DMartin, Odell; 1992

OOAD&IHenderson-Sellers,

Macrone; 1992

HOODESA; 1990

SCOOPCherry; 1990

OMLFiresmith, Henderson-

Sellers, Page-Jones; 1998

OSAEmbley; 1991

OBARubin; 1992

BONNerson; 1992

FusionColeman, et al.;

1994

Unified Modeling Language v1.0Booch, Jacobson, Rumbaugh;

1997

Unified MethodBooch, Rumbaugh; 1995

SOMAGraham; 1994

CatalysisD’Souza, Willes; 1996

MOSESHenderson-Sellers; 1994

RDDWirfs-Brock; 1990

OOSEJacobson; 1992

RDDWirfs-Brock; 1990

OOSEJacobson; 1992

In the Early Days there where just Method War

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eUML ...

Some Backgrounds on a Standardisation Odyssey

… after that there where just Standardization War

Few working for few

Some working for many

Many working for all

OODBooch; 1992

OMTRumbaugh, et al.; 1991

OOSEJacobson; 1992

Unified Modeling Language 0.9, 0.91Booch, Rumbaugh, Jacobson; 1996

Unified Modeling Language 1.0UML Partners 1/1997

Unified Modeling Language 1.1UML Partners; 9/1997

OMG Unified Modeling Language 1.3UML Partners; 1999



OMG Unified Modeling Language 2.0UML 2 Partners; unpublished

OMG Unified Modeling Language 1.2UML Partners; 1998( )

Amigo'sExperience

Fra

gm

en

tati

on

Un

ific

ati

on

Sta

nd

ard

isati

on

Mass

Usa

ge

Exte

nsi

on

User'sExperience

XML MetadataInterchange

Integration ofObject Constraint Language

Object Management Grouptakes over

Unified Method 0.8Booch, Rumbaugh 1995

...

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eUML ...

A classical Second System

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eUML 2

... Why do we Need a New Major Release?smaller

Ideas

moreprecise

executable• Evolution• Market has generated …

• new programming languages (e.g. C#, Python, PHP)

• new application domains (e.g. server programming, real-time applications)

• Experience• UML has proven to be inadequate for some modelling

tasks …• sometimes there are too less constructs• sometimes there are too many of them• sometimes there are some of them, but practically no

one can decide if they are the right ones • Eradication

• programming languages disappeared (e.g. C++)

• some ideas formerly closely linked with UML are now considered completely separate (e.g. process models)

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eUML 2

...Ideas is there really more than just evolution in it?

smaller

Ideas

moreprecise

executable

• UML is too hard to grasp for newbies to OO

• UML is too hard to implement by tool vendors

• UML needs to be tailored before usage in practical projects

• Some parts of UML are just there forvisualization

• Some parts are not precise and expressive enough

• Vague semantics

• The good thing about definitions is, there are so many of them to choose from, especially when they are contradictory

• Some diagrams lack precision

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eUML 2

The Imperativessmaller

Ideas

moreprecise

executable

• Smaller• Reduce number of modelling constructs• Reduce number of underlying concepts• Re-use core concepts

• More precise• Reformulate the meta model• Use OCL• Re-use core concepts w/o modification wherever possible

• Executable• Enhance state machines• Establish a closer link between static and dynamic parts• Re-use existing concepts currently outside UML

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eUML 2

Retire or Deprecate Model Elementssmaller

Ideas

moreprecise

executable

1. Language features which are not implemented by major tool vendors

2. Language features which are not popularised by major methods

3. Language features which are method specific or specific to an implementation language

4. Language features which lack precise semantics

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eUML 2


Ideas

moreprecise

executable





Hardly any method addresses the whole UML,i.e. every possible diagram with all specialitiesHardly any method addresses the whole UML,i.e. every possible diagram with all specialities

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eUML 2


Ideas

moreprecise

executable





ClassAsome : intreally : boolimportant : floatstuff : byte

ClassB

even : Stringmore : shortimportant : float

«friend»

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eUML 2


Ideas

moreprecise

executable





Object1 : ClassAsome = 1really = trueimportant = 3.1stuff = 42

Object2 : ClassA«copy»some = 1really = trueimportant = 3.1stuff = 42

«become»

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eUML 2

Introducing: UML Layeringsmaller

Ideas

moreprecise

executable

FoundationLevel 0

BasicLevel 1

IntermediateLevel 2

CompleteLevel 3

http://www.asp-architekten.de/projects/images/x200px/trump_02.jpg

• Idea borrowed from SQL standardisation

• Operationalises notion ofUML support

• Even less UML can still be UML

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eApproaching UML 2

Standardisation

Proposals


MOF2 Infrastructure

StaticParts

DynamicParts

Unified Modeling Language 2.0

• UML is no longer one single language,if this ever was the case

• Four separate RFPs will create four separate but highly interrelated responses

DiagramInterchangeOCL

Superstructure

use

transfers

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eApproaching UML 2

Proposals Standardisation

Proposals


• Various proposals for all four RFPs• Superstructure: 37 Letters of Intent (LOIs);

5 initial submissions by 28 companies• OCL: 30 LOIs; 4 initial submissions by 10 companies• Infrastructure: 36 LOIs;

5 initial submissions by 28 companies• Diagram Interchange: 6 LOIs;

3 initial submissions by 6 companies• Submitted by single companies, and consortia• Focussing on single aspects of UML v1.x to

improve, proposing new diagrams, or even suggesting to abolish parts of the UML at all

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Proposals


Some complex things should definitely become easier ...

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Proposals


Some cluttered diagrams should definitely become more readable ...

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Proposals


Some boundaries have definitely to be tumbled down …

Consortia

Bank

5Account

customerCredit Cad

managesm

has

1..2

has access to

Transaction

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Proposals


• Superstructure and Infrastructure:Most complete, widely supported and hence interesting proposal is submitted by the UML 2 Partners group– Members:

Alcatel, Computer Associates, Ericsson, Hewlet-Packard, IONA, Kabira Technologies, Motorola, Oracle, Rational Software, SOFTEAM, Telelogic, and Unisys

– Supporters:Advanced Concepts Center, Ceira Technologies, Commissariat à L’Energie Atomique, Compuware, DaimlerChrysler, Embarcardero Technolgies, Enea Business Software, France Telecom, …

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eRoadmap

… the Initial One Standardisation

Proposals


2002-08-192002-08-192002-06-032002-06-032001-08-202001-08-20

2001-03-022001-03-022000-12-312000-12-31

2000-09-152000-09-15

Infrastructure

Superstructure

Object Constraint Language

Diagram Interchange

RFP

RFP

RFP

LOI

LOI

LOI

RFP

Initial Submission

Initial Submission

Initial Submission

Initial Submission

Revised Submission

Revised Submission

LOI

Revised Submission

Revised Submission

2001-10-222001-10-22

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eRoadmap

… as it Stands Today Standardisation

Proposals


Infrastructure

Superstructure

OCL

Diagram Interchange

Architecture Board Vote 2003-06-02 RTF starts

proposals submitted and revised




Architecture Board Vote

RTF could start

RTF could start

RTF could start



Proposals to all RFPs should be voted bythe ADTF and the AB at time of this presentation,i.e. the RTF starts it‘s work. After it‘s completionUML 2 is finalized.

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eUML 2

What‘s in it -- Metamodel• Metamodel

– Completely restructured– Concepts refined to be more orthogonal and thus enable

reuse

PracticalApplication

Metamodel

newDiagramms

enhancedDiagramms

InfrastructureLibrary

Core

Abstractions Constructs PrimitiveTypes Profiles

Foundation

Kernel PrimitiveTypes Profiles«import»

«import»

«import»

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eUML 2

What‘s in it – New DiagramsPractical

Application

Metamodel

newDiagramms

enhancedDiagramms

Alternatively to the diagrammatic notation for behavioural diagrams now a tabular notation is offered

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eUML 2

What‘s in it – New DiagramsPractical

Application

Metamodel

newDiagramms

enhancedDiagramms

• The Communication Diagram focuses on the interaction between lifelines.

• Basically it is a variant of the Sequence Diagram.

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jeck

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ePractical

Application

Metamodel

newDiagramms

enhancedDiagramms

Synchronized Producer-Consumer

Produce

Consume

UML 2 What‘s in it – Enhanced Diagrams

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Application

Metamodel

newDiagramms

enhancedDiagramms


Produce

Consume


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Produce

Consume


PracticalApplication

Metamodel

newDiagramms

enhancedDiagramms


Produce

Consume

• Activities will replace Activity Graphs• Activities are based PETRI nets with queuing• Activities are no longer based on state machines• Activities are better suited for parallel flows• Activities are almost directly executable• Activities could be proved to be deadlock free

Ideas, Standardisation, and Practical Application Rumbaugh, et al.; 1991 State Charts Harel; 1987...

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Transcript of Ideas, Standardisation, and Practical Application Rumbaugh, et al.; 1991 State Charts Harel; 1987...