HISTORY OF INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN

AND TECHNOLOGYSHUNJI BROWN-WOODSSEPTEMBER 11, 2011

IDT 8052

EARLY 1900’S Prior structure for learning

was instructor led with chalkboard, teacher and textbooks as the primary instructional medium

Viewpoint began to change to view the physical components of instruction as instructional medium rather than the situation above

More complex instructional media emergence through slides, stereographs, films, and portable media exhibits

(Reiser, 2012)

1900-1920 Emergent Trends

1920-1930’sAudio-Visual Movement

1940’s- 1950’sWorld War II –Major Influence

Post-World War II & Instructional Technology

Focus on research and intent of instructional media equipment and how it can best be used to affect learning situations

Growth and depth of Audiovisual research for next decade post-war National Defense Act

funded research in media and curriculum development

Limited data had been collected during the active phase of development of these instructional media advances; therefore, there was limited knowledge of the overall effectiveness and efficiency of these materials on learning retention

1950’s -1960’sMilitary influence on Industry Training

1950’s-1960’sInstructional Television & Early Computers

This was an active period of exploration of the Television and its uses in educational and training arenas

Growth of Instructional Television 242 Television channels set

aside by the FCC for educational purposes

Ford Foundation grant offered support to the growth of this technology

1960 begin to see decline in use for educational instruction purposes—funding shift from education to public interest outside of education

(Reiser, 2012)

Computers—”The Next Great Thing. . .” Not a huge player in

instructional technology in the 50’s

Began gain notice, but not fully accepted

Computer-assisted instruction began to emerge through IBM

Adaptive teaching resources were also beginning to be developed, yet not widely available or accessible

1970’s-1980’sGraduate programs in instructional design were begun as

universities across the nation in response to growing interest and demand for instructional technology

Process orientation assigned to viewpoints of Instructional Design and Technology

Evaluation of ID & T from a more scientific focus with development of theories and models to describe the field

Employers began to look at ways to enhance human performance through training using instructional materials intertwined with technology in order to provide more opportunities for professional development

1970’s 1980’s Cont.Shift in reference and terminology

surrounding the ID & T Field

1980’s-early 1990’sMicrocomputers were available to general

public resulted in increased interest as an instructional tool

Gained educator interest; limited resistance early on. .

Student access to computers increased

Internet emerged as a tool to be integrated into instructional design scope

1990’sDistance learning platforms gain some ground

and popularity with busy learners and for organizations with a focus on professional development for their staff in non-traditional learning formats

Computers begin to grab a stronger position in classrooms while access is also increasing

Instructional media and technology becomes a major priority area for National Education Association and schools across the United States

2000’s-Current Technology development at a fast pace

Schools and organizations are attempting to keep the pace and expose students and staff to the changing platforms for instruction and technology available for learning

Internet has become more advanced means for integration into instruction and

Digital technology has improved and expanded options iPods, iPads, netbooks, notebooks, tablets, etc.

Technology plays pivotal role in Military advances and instruction

ReferencesReiser, R. and Dempsey, J. (2012). Chapter 3: A

History of Instructional Design and Technology. Trends and Issues in Instructional Design and Technology. 3rd Edition. Boston, MA. Pearson.

(2011). Instructional Technology. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instructional_technology on September 9, 2011.

(2011). http://faculty.coe.uh.edu/smcneil/cuin6373/idhistory/1940.html)