ICT4SMARTDGICT Solutions to Enable Smart Distributed Generation

WP2 Summary

8 May 2011

27 October 2010

PARTNERS OVERVIEW

27 October 2010

THE CONSORTIUM

Software DevelopersSoftware Developers

Telecom OperatorsTelecom OperatorsTelecom Equipment Telecom Equipment ManufacturersManufacturers

Construction CompaniesConstruction Companies

Distribution OperatorsDistribution Operators

DG Equipment DG Equipment ManufacturersManufacturers

AssociationsAssociations

ICT4SMARTDGICT4SMARTDGCONSORTIUMCONSORTIUM

27 October 2010

WP1 The Challenge for the Utility The Network with Distributed Generation

27 October 2010

WP1 The Challenge for the Utility The Network with Distributed Generation

• Two way Power Flow in Medium & Low Voltage Networks:– Multi-directional energy flows:

• Energy Storage Devices

• Customer Load

• Renewable Generation

• Distribution Network(s)

– Safety on Distribution Network is paramount• Many protection devices

• Storage and generators must be isolated from network for fault and maintenance

• Use as much as possible already existing infrastructure for economic viability

27 October 2010

WP1 Distributed Generation Requirements

• Measure and Control the MV/LV Network:– Voltage and frequency – Power flow – Load Shifting-shedding during islanding (Microgrids)– Protection of the distribution assets– Protection of utility staff & customers– Overall operational stability– Ability to interoperate with the distribution system when

connected and to transition to and from island mode– Use as much as possible already existing infrastructure for

economic viability

27 October 2010

WP1 The Challenge for ICT Technologies & Solutions (1/2)

• Energy Networks will need to rely heavily on ICT to enable Distributed Generation because the smart infrastructure will need to be:

– Self managing & self healing (best achieved through decentralized methods)

• ICT solutions will need to support and provide:– Real-time communications between power producers, suppliers, DSOs and end

users.– Real-time M2M interaction between “smart points” within energy networks– Real-time access to high-quality information on the status of the grid– Software will need to have levels of autonomy, scalability, adaptability and be

robust– Algorithms to superimpose and maintain a virtual mesh of the desired topology– Cyber security protocols to protect local grids and wider energy networks

27 October 20108

Energy Network Assets – A Typical DSO

66kv & 33kV

132kV

11kV

283 s/s

583s/s

90000s/s

400V

Consumers

4m+

SCADAPrimary Network

AUTOMATION

~100%

~30-60%

~5%

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CUSTOMERS !!

~100%

~50%

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27 October 2010

Energy Industry Requirements

• For Effective Distributed Generation– Communications are needed to infrastructure assets. It is difficult to define exact

requirements because the distribution businesses  (DSOs) are not yet sure of how many of their MV/LV assets they will need to monitor and manage, however estimates range from 50% of the asset base to 100% of the asset base

– DSOs also believe they will need some information from the customer premises, how many customers is not clear, estimates range from 10% to 100%

– The first of these general requirements needs real time communications and will be supported by special applications designed to manage the infrastructure.

– The second can be provided by smartmetering functionality

• Therefore, large scale distributed generation will need smartmetering in place and will require a smart infrastructure to be operating.

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27 October 2010

Energy Industry Requirements

• We can look at the requirements in more detail by using examples developed by SEESGEN

– The following tables show

• Typical services in the smart infrastructure and a high level view of data volumes, latency requirement, the level of reliability and security

• Applications and how they map onto the same service requirements• The types of technologies that could service the applications and how they

may support the data volumes, latency, reliability and security• Greater detail on the critical issue of latency• The advantages and disadvantages associated with some the more

common technologies.

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27 October 2010

Overview of Requirements, Latency, Reliability, Security

• Applications in the Grid and requirements imposed on the ICT

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Source: Alcatel Lucent uk

27 October 2010

Requirements from SEESGEN data • After identifying the ICT requirements for the grid management,

it is possible to illustrate the application (in terms of services provided by DG units) of the most common communication technologies.

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ICT Requirements based on the function assigned to units DG (High, Medium, Low) Source:SEESGEN ICT

27 October 2010

Requirements from SEESGEN data

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Figure: Suitability of telecommunications technologies based on the function assigned to DG units (suitable, partially suitable, improper) Source:SEESGEN ICT

27 October 2010

Requirements from SEESGEN data

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Figure: Data delivery time required for some applications Source:SEESGEN ICT

27 October 2010

Technology Options for DG ICT Access – using SEESGEN data for one application example

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Table General communication options for voltage regulation in the medium voltage network

27 October 2010

Requirements from Smart Buildings

• Smart Buildings will be producers and consumers of energy– Smart BMS (Building Management Systems) will manage Quality,

Environment, Health, Physical security

– ECMS (Energy Control Management Systems) will be implemented, relying on ‘intelligent’ objects and communications with improved features such as optimization of Energy Efficiency, import and/or export of energy, energy costs, dynamic control of bulding support services and strategy-based reconfiguration of devices.

– Such systems will communicate with energy distribution management solutions to support local energy aggregation or local load balancing

• Will the DSO see the communications as OpTel services or external outsourced services, what level of interaction will be required?

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27 October 2010

Requirements from Energy Suppliers and Aggregators

• Requirements from Energy Retailer/Aggregator– We received no direct feedback from the energy retail sector but it is

considered the primary focus at the present time, is smartmetering. There are many examples of smartmeter requirements, some examples are included on the ICT4SMARTDG web site.

– Contact was established with one energy aggregator operating in the USA. There principle requirement for ICT services was of a telemetry SCADA function to establish local conditions at production facilities and to obtain real time data on load shedding or load delivery from energy storage plant.

• These requirements were not seen as being more or less onerous than those demanded by the local distribution system operator

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27 October 2010

Communications Infrastructure - Needs a Decision on Service Delivery Methodologies

• Two Primary Options

• Utility Self Provided Networks– Capital Intensive, Impact of Energy Regulatory Environment– Utility Retains control of service– Designed to be Resilient and Reliable– Large choice of technical solutions

• Managed Service or Outsourced Solutions– Revenue based service– Technology agnostic– Market lead pricing

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27 October 2010

Utility Service Delivery Methods for Operational Telecommunications

• In 2010 Engineering Consultancy Mott MacDonald completed an international utility telecoms benchmarking report – the follwing slides are a sample of the findings, they illustrate that:– Most utilities still favour self provided networks for operational services with

limited use of Managed services or Outsourcing– TDM services are still prevalent for tele-protection and for SCADA solutions– The transition to IP solutions will be slow, legacy protocols present

problems and for tele-protection, the final solution may be direct optical fibre

– Industry not convinced such mission critical services can be left to public network operators.

27 October 2010

Op-Tel Network Ownership Ownership of Operational Telecommunications Network

Ownership Profile

The sample group indicates a high level of network ownership. It is interesting to note that those utilities which are involved in transmission as part of their portfolio of services (Utilities E, F, H, I) in general have a marginally higher network ownership profile than distribution only businesses (Utilities A, B and G). This is generally due to two key reasons:

1. Easier access to commoditised services from the PTO; the MV and LV plant is more likely to be located closer to telecoms services than HV plant which is often routed away from population centres

2. The type of communications services required by the DSO are usually less onerous in performance standards (less stringent latency requirements) than those required for tele-protection by the TSO and hence can be provided more cost effectively from the local PTO than by building dedicated in-house network (often for low bandwidth applications)

%age of In-House Owned Network

0%

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100%

Util

ity A

Util

ity B

Util

ity E

Util

ity F

Util

ity G

Util

ity H

Util

ity I

Util

ity K

DSO only

Portfolio includes TSO (e.g. Vert Int.)

27 October 2010

Op-Tel SourcingSourcing of Operational Telecommunications Services

Sourcing Profile

As detailed in the previous slide, the pure DSOs are the most likely utilities to source services from 3rd party service providers (Utilities A, B, and G). These services are selected as either leased line circuits, used to extend network reach where it is uneconomical for the utility to build out dedicated network, with services overlaid and managed by the utility itself, or a managed service where the service provide delivers some form of service over the circuit, or provides an enhanced service wrap.

Op-Tel Service Sourcing

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Util

ity A

Util

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Util

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Util

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Util

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Util

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Util

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Util

ity K

In-House

Leased Lines

Managed Service

Outsourced Service

Outsourcing

Utilities I and K (both TSOs) outsource all of their Op-Tel services. However, it should be noted that this is not the same outsource arrangement as occurs within the Enterprise market. In both cases, the telecoms network and assets are owned by the Utility. Secondly, the outsourced service providers are either subsidiary companies of the parent Utility (a U-Telco), or have evolved from the parent utility into a fully formed Public Telecoms Operator. Again, in both cases, utility telecoms engineering staff have been transferred from the parent utility into the U-Telco organisation, so the utility remains confident that the appropriate skills exist within the outsource service provider to service the Utilities specialist requirements.

27 October 2010

Op-Tel ServicesTechnology Platform – Transmission Protocol

Tele-Protection – Transmission Protocol

For most of the utilities sampled, TDM services (PDH/SDH) are still the preferred transportation method for Tele-Protection services. However, IP MPLS is being adopted for the more modern networks (in emerging regions) which are not faced with having to support legacy protocols or adopt complex protection schemes with very demanding and deterministic communications latency characteristics. Utility F is conducting IP trails at present with an view to migrate towards more IP services over the next 5 years. Where utilities are having to upgrade multiplexer hardware without time to conduct IP performance trials, they are adopting Multi-Service Access Node (MSAN) technology which supports both TDM and IP based services. This provides a manageable migration path and also supports convergence of Op-Tel and Corporate Communications Services across the same network infrastructure. This is the case with Utility G and Utility I.

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Util

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Util

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Util

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Util

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Util

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Util

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TDM

IP MPLS

27 October 2010

Op-Tel ServicesSCADA

SCADA – Transmission Protocol

For SCADA, there has been a greater acceptance and adoption of IP based services, and whilst currently TDM services account for 84% of the underlying technology within the sample group, this will reduce to 60% over the next 3-5 years as utilities migrate their SCADA services to an IP platform. By 2015 it is anticipated that 37% of SCADA services within the sample group will be delivered over IP.

Within this period, other Utilities will have commenced trials on IP based SCADA services and decisions on implementation taken.

SCADA - Technology Type

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PLC

TDM

IP MPLS

SCADA - Percentage Migration to IP

13%

60%

3%

24%IP MPLS

TDM

PLC

Migrating to IP

27 October 2010

Within ICT4SMARTDG Partners - Strong Focus on ICT in the Managed Service & Outsource Environment

• Members of ICT4SMARTDG not surprisingly have looked towards the commercial sector for network solutions

• Following two slides reflect case for commercial sector solutions– Commercial Broadband services have relatively high penetration which

will continue to reach greater proportion of population

– Using existing commercial solutions will improve the SG/SM business case

– Use 3G( GPRS) , XDSL. Cable , as they are the most available communication technology for the majority of Customer premises

• There is a fundamental belief in utility sector that commercial services can not deliver on reliability, resilience to power outrages, latency requirements. In addition utilities lose control of service provision and service support functions.

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27 October 2010

Communication Access Solutions available

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Rank

Fixed broadband subscriptions, total, June 2010

31 Iceland 106.258

30 Luxembourg 169.757

29 Slovak Republic 651.268

28 Ireland 907.859

27 New Zealand 1.048.518

26 Finland 1.407.500

25 Czech Republic 1.446.900

24 Norway 1.653.837

23 Chile 1.729.575

22 Hungary 1.870.149

21 Austria 1.921.445

20 Portugal 2.013.528

19 Denmark 2.062.000

18 Greece 2.107.000

17 Switzerland 2.894.830

16 Sweden 2.966.384

15 Belgium 3.237.052

14 Poland 4.982.882

13 Australia 5.167.000

12 Netherlands 6.245.000

11 Turkey 6.780.479

10 Canada 10.138.741

9 Spain 10.261.933

8 Mexico 10.843.812

7 Italy 12.849.074

6 Korea 16.789.170

5 United Kingdom 18.827.700

4 France 20.257.000

3 Germany 25.599.360

2 Japan 33.537.796

1 United States 83.344.927

Source: OECD

Note: See the OECD broadband portal for information on data sources and notes

27 October 2010

Communication Access Solutions available

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27 October 2010

ICT Solutions For SMARTDG

• Research confirms virtually all applications providers, system integrators and solution vendors have a view of smartgrid.

• Very few will provide details of what can actually be delivered– This should not be a surprise, the energy sector does not know what is required and

many will say nothing is needed for five years• The concern is that customers will make choices on EVs, heat pumps and domestic

renewable energy and the energy sector must react to ensure the consequences of those choices are not catastrophic for the network and energy supplies

– Work that is in progress on trials of smart infrastructure are based on traditional energy network applications and are focused in currently available technologies such as GPRS/3G, PLC and proprietary wireless solutions

– Universities and academic institutions are also working on the complex problems of taking existing energy automation solutions and developing them to provide the functionality and flexibility required for the smart infrastructure

• All players are trying to find their own space in the marketplace:– Major ICT players are looking to deliver all SG ICT needs including working in

substation environment– Traditional distribution management vendors, trying to move into ICT space

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27 October 2010

ICT Solutions For SMARTDG

• All players are trying to find their own space in the marketplace:– Major ICT players are looking to deliver all SG ICT needs including

support for the smart substation environment

– Traditional distribution management vendors, trying to move to compete with those who in the past have concentrated on the corporate ICT market

– Many mobile operators believe the Machine to Machine solutions can deliver on smartmetering and smart infrastructure. This market is growing rapidly, strong competition with Millions of connections and presumably this will drive lower prices

– It is not clear whether the proposed solutions meet any recognised standards, many may be considered proprietary causing vendor/supplier “lock-in”

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27 October 2010

A Few Examples:

SW and Middle ware solutions (Nokia)

• Fully managed ICT Communication Services by One-NDS Nokia Solution and NSN OPEN EMS 

– Open  EMS  Suite  is  a  software  platform  product  for  the  Operations Support Systems (OSS) market  containing  generic  services, built-in applications and develop tools- that  makes  it  possible  for  application  developers  to  effectively  create  various  kinds  of  network  and  element  management  products  and  solutions.  

– One-NDS is an open, customer-centric directory containing all subscriber and service data in one logical entity for existing and future domains and applications

– Used with ServusNet,   delivered  operational  management  systems  to  a  wind  farm  in  Ireland

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27 October 2010

A Few Examples:

DIFFERENT LAYER SOLUTION

• PIAM (Ambient Intelligence Platform) Solution

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– This solution has a big number of applications. One of them is to monitor and control energy devices and could be an option for DER in a DG environment at Domestic Level.

– The PIAM Ambient Intelligence Platform project proposes the creation of a new technological space with the capability to manage and access an increasing number of sensor and actuator

27 October 2010

A Few Examples: DIFFERENT LAYER SOLUTION

• General M2M solution for monitor and control of the Electric Grid

– In this application, M2M technologies are broadly extended and used specially for power metering.

– They have some advantages in reducing the operational costs It is a very Telco oriented solution probably it is not optimal to control functions in smart grid.. It has been designed for monitoring purposes, even though the possibility of including actuators and control is contemplated. The control of actuators must cope with the very low latency requirements of some smart DG applications, such functionality is not contemplated in M2M.

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27 October 2010

A Few Examples: DIFFERENT LAYER SOLUTION

• SAMARES OSIRIDE is a smart operations centre intended to provide integrated management of many installations producing energy from renewable sources through the use of Mediation Devices (MD, e.g.: OSIRIDE QS, other dataLOG).

– The center receives and combines information from one or more systems for the production of energy from renewable sources in order to control and show to the public the performances of a lot of distributed energy systems.

– The system interfaces with data loggers and Mediation Devices of individual plants. It has a modular software architecture that handles a large number of communication protocols, both standard and proprietary including: NMR MODBUS,

– DLSm, COSEM, TVP-IT, Ethernet, etc.

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27 October 2010

A Few Examples:

Active Network Management control Solutions

• Aura and ABB Statcom• AuRA-NMS, an autonomous

regional active network management system currently being developed in the UK through a partnership between several UK universities, two distribution network operators (DNO) and ABB.

– The scope of control to be undertaken by AuRA-NMS includes: automatic restoration, voltage control, power flow management and implementation of network performance optimisation strategies.

• The continuous increase of installed wind power seen during recent years has forced the transmission system operators (TSO) to tighten their grid connection rules – also known as grid codes – in order to limit the effects of wind power parks on network quality and stability.

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27 October 2010

THE REFERENCE MODEL PROPOSED IN ICT4SMARTDG

• No clear Architecture Reference model to follow many vendors are proposing similar, very complex models– IEEE Communications reference model (P2030)

– EPRI Communications Architecture

– Connected Service Framework from Microsoft

• A lot of companies creaqting applications ( See GTM report)• Most of them currently focus on smart metering and home

networks• Use of raw communications, WAN, LAN, etc( PLC, XDSL,

Ethernet, GPRS etc)

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27 October 2010

THE REFERENCE MODEL PROPOSED IN ICT4SMARTDG?

• Strong play being made by SW Industry ( SAP, IBM, ORACLE, Microsoft, etc) to use SOA models.

• SOA models good for Web designed services, could support metering solutions, billing, energy consumption and analysis

• Apparently not recommended for Real Time critical applications.

• Most of these SW solutions are a mix of existing port folio solutions ( Lotus, WebSphere, Tivoli etc)

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27 October 2010

THE REFERENCE MODEL PROPOSED IN ICT4SMARTDG?

• Major Telecom operators favour NGN services to deliver all requirements for Smartgrid

• Traditional Op Tel systems such as SCADA could be integrated in NGN by means of SIP/IP in the reference model

• End to end solutions supported by integration in the Fixed Mobile Convergence Model

• Telcos has experience in managing a lot information from millions of devices, and users ( for billing, charging, etc).

• Use IPv6 without forgiving IPv4• Network open to Internet, but telcos have extensive experience

on Cyber security

27 October 2010

General approach to Reference Architecturein ICT4smartDG?

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• There is an opinion that suggests the best reference model is a combination of the SOA orientated solution favoured by SW providers and the NGN solution favoured by Telco operators Such discussions are beyond the remit and capability of this group

27 October 2010

Regulatory Requirements - Energy Sector

• Many groups are examining the regulatory issues in the energy sector, we have included a summary from one such group, the SUSTELNET PROJECT

– Non-discriminatory network access is a key precondition to a level playing field between centralized and distributed generation

– Open access to wholesale electricity markets for distributed generation is already granted by the Electricity, RES and CHP Directives

– The scope of market access should be broadened to include ancillary services– The benefits and cost of distributed generation to the electricity system are

directly related to the geographical point of connection– To facilitate the integration of DG in electricity networks DSOs have to endorse

‘active network management’– This active network management entails investment in innovations to improve

network management, in particular in the field of ICT– The current regulatory frameworks often do not allow for DSOs to recover the cost

of investments in innovation.

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27 October 2010

Regulatory Requirements – Telecoms Sector

• It is recognised Wireless solutions will play a major role in the ICT support for smart metering and smart infrastructure.

• Utility companies in Europe use a range of wireless spectrum for diiferent support services in their infrastrtructure networks

• It is recognised by the utility sector that additional spectrum is required to deliver ICT services for Smartgrid– There are sound arguements for harmonised spectrum across Europe for utilities

• Vendor companies can better plan their products• More vendors will enter the market, creating competition and price pressure• A competitive market will stimulate innovation through market pressure• A larger, unified market will encourage service companies into the smartgrid arena

• EUTC supported by the vendor community is in discussion with DGINFSO Spectrum Policy Unit on the opportunity for harmonised spectrum

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27 October 2010

WP2 - Conclusions

• Current ICT utility service delivery methods favour self provided networks. This is not likely to change dramatically in the next 3-5 years

• A range of telecom technologies are being used in smart infrastructure trials

• The ICT community believe public networks should be used to support the new smart energy networks. Existing public service solutions and applications can provide an improved business case.

• Telco companies and Software companies believe NGN and SOA solutions respectively are capable of meeting all the future SG requirements although each has benefits and disadvantages

• Utilities will need to be convinced, this is not a short term activity, discussions between Telco IMS, SOA Manufacturers and Power Utilities should be considered at the earliest opportunity

• Stadardization is a major issue being discussed in may different fora, it is important from a European perspective progress is made on this issue

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27 October 2010

Conclussions-Recommendations added by Isidro ¿?