ICloud

A TECHNICAL SEMINAR REPORT

ON

“ I CLOUD ”A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment

Of the Academic requirements

for the Award of Bachelor of Technology

In

Computer Science and Engineering

Submitted By

K.NIKHIL KUMAR

Roll no: 14BD5A0504

Department of Computer science and Engineering.

Keshav Memorial Institute of Technology

Narayanguda , Hyderabad – 500029.

2016-2017.

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INDEXCONTEXT

LIST OF FIGURES

ABSTRACT

1. ABOUT I CLOUD

• announcement

• Apple ID

• Use icloud.com

2. HISTORY

3. I CLOUD FUNDAMENTALS

• I cloud fundamentals

• First, provision your development devices

• Icloud data transfer proceeds automatically and securely

• The ubiquity container, icloud storage, and entitlements

• A users icloud storage is limited

• The system manages local icloud storage

4.FEATURES

• Backup and restore

• itunes match

• photo stream

• iwork for icloud

• storage

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5.SYSTEM REQUIRMENTS

• Recommended system requirements

• Iphone, ipad, ipod touch

• Mac

• Pc

• Appletv

• Minimum system requirements by feature

6. PRIVACY AND SECURITY

• Data security

• Security and I cloud features

• Privacy,find my iphone

• Icloud keychain

7. ABOUT INCORPORATING ICLOUD INTO YOUR APP

• At a glance

• Three kinds of icloud storage

8. COMPETITIORS

9.CONCLUSION

10.REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY

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LIST OF FIGURES

Fig: 3.1 app’s main ubiquity container in context

Fig: 3.2 iCloud files are cached on local devices and stored in iCloud

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ABSTRACT

Save you’re time and work before loosing it with iCloud. Many of us struggles in backing up

their files from the devices wither its personal, Student or owned by a small business. Saving

files are really important because some devices crash suddenly and we end up loosing our hard

work. Through the presentation I created it will illustrates various types of backup systems and

recommends to use the iCloud is the best solution. ICloud is the latest technology that helps in

backing up your files through server by installing the application and setting your account, which

will do the whole process automatically in daily bases with the help of Wi-Fi connection. This

application will allows to restore all you files with all your apple devices with same info by

clicking on one button and it will do the rest for you. Moreover the iCloud presentation includes

a link from YouTube tutorial that can guide you how to install, manage the app easily and more.

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1.ABOUT ICLOUD

iCloud is a cloud storage and cloud computing service from Apple Inc. launched on October 12,

2011. As of July 2013, the service has 320 million users.

The service allows users to store data such as music and iOS applications on remote computer

servers for download to multiple devices such as iOS-based devices running iOS 5 or later, and

personal computers running OS X 10.7.2 "Lion" or later, or Microsoft Windows (Windows

Vistaservice pack 2 or later). It also replaces Apple's MobileMe service, acting as a data syncing

center for email, contacts, calendars, bookmarks, notes, reminders (to-do lists), iWork

documents, photos and other data. The service also allows users to wirelessly back up their iOS

devices to iCloud instead of manually doing so using iTunes. iCloud data center is located in

Maiden, North Carolina.

Original author(s) Apple Inc.

Developer(s) Apple Inc.

Initial Release Developers release

June 6, 2011

Public release

October 12, 2011

Development Status Active

Operating System OS X(10.7 Lion and Later)

Microsoft Windows

iOS5 or later

Available In Multilingual

Type Online backup service

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License Freeware

1.1 ANNOUNCEMENT

The first official mention of iCloud from Apple came on May 31, 2011, when a press

release announced that it would demonstrate the service at the WWDC on June 6, 2011. A

banner hung at the Moscone Center for WWDC revealed the iCloud logo five days before the

official launch.

In the WWDC 2011 keynote speech, Apple announced iCloud will replace MobileMe services

and that the basic iCloud service will be free of charge.

1.2 Apple IDYou need an Apple ID to sign up for iCloud. You may already have an Apple ID if you've

purchased or downloaded content from iTunes Store, App Store, and iBookstore, or signed in to

Game Center or FaceTime.

1.3 USE ICLOUD.COM

You can access your iCloud information using a computer web browser instead of using apps on

your iOS device, Mac, or Windows computer. You go to iCloud.com, sign in, and then use the

iCloud.com web apps: Mail, Contacts, Calendar, Notes, Reminders, Find My iPhone, Pages,

Numbers, and Keynote.

To prevent anyone from accessing your iCloud information on iCloud.com (such as your email)

while you’re away from your computer, you can sign out. If you’re now signed in from more

than one browser, you can sign out from all browsers at once.

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2.HISTORY

iCloud is the latest branding of Apple's cloud computing services. It has previously been branded

as iTools in 2000, .Mac in 2002, and MobileMe in 2008.

iCloud was announced on June 6, 2011, at the 2011 Apple Worldwide Developers

Conference (WWDC). Apple announced that MobileMe would be discontinued after June 30,

2012, with anyone who had an account before the unveiling of iCloud having their MobileMe

service extended to that date, free of charge.

The official website, www.icloud.com, went live in early August for Apple Developers. On

October 12, 2011, iCloud became available to use via an iTunes update. iCloud had 20 million

users in less than a week after launch. The iCloud.com domain and registered trademark were

bought from a Swedish company called Xcerion, who rebranded their service

to CloudMe. CloudMe still controls major domains like iCloud.de, iCloud.fr and iCloud.es.

A class action lawsuit by customers unhappy over the transition from MobileMe to iCloud was

filed in early May 2012.

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3.ICLOUD FUNDAMENTALS

3.1 ICLOUD FUNDAMENTALSFrom a user’s perspective, iCloud is a simple feature that automatically makes their personal

content available on all their devices. To make your app participate in this “magic,” you need to

design and implement your app somewhat differently, and for this you need to learn about your

app’s roles when it participates with iCloud.

These roles, and the specifics of your iCloud adoption process, depend on your app. You design

how your app manages its data, so only you can decide which iCloud supporting technologies

your app needs and which ones it does not.

This chapter gets you started with the fundamental elements of iCloud that all developers need to

know.

3.2 FIRST, PROVISION YOUR DEVELOPMENT DEVICES

To start developing an iCloud app, you must have an appropriate device provisioning profile and

app ID. If you don’t already have these in place, learn about setting up a provisioning profile and

app ID in “Provisioning Your App for Store Technologies” in App Distribution Guide.

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3.3 ICLOUD DATA TRANSFER PROCEEDS AUTOMATICALLY AND

SECURELY

When you adopt iCloud, the operating system initiates and manages uploading and downloading

of data for the devices attached to an iCloud account. Your app does not directly communicate

with iCloud servers and, in most cases, does not invoke upload or download of data. At a very

high level, the process works as follows:

1. You configure your app to gain access to special local file system locations known as

ubiquity containers.

2. You design your app to respond appropriately to changes in the availability of iCloud (such

as if a user signs out of iCloud), and to changes in the locations of files (because instances of

your app on other devices can rename, move, duplicate, or delete files).

3. Your app reads and writes to its ubiquity containers using APIs that provide file

coordination.

4. The operating system automatically transfers data to and from iCloud as needed.

In iOS, there is an exception to automatic iCloud data transfer. For the first-time download of an

iCloud-based document in iOS, your app actively requests the document.

iCloud secures user data with encryption in transit and on the iCloud servers, and by using secure

tokens for authentication. Key-value storage employs the same security as iCloud uses for

"Documents in the Cloud,” as it is described in that document.

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3.4 THE UBIQUITY CONTAINER, ICLOUD STORAGE, AND

ENTITLEMENTS

To save data to iCloud, your app places the data in special file system locations known as

ubiquity containers. A ubiquity container serves as the local representation of corresponding

iCloud storage. It is outside of your app’s sandbox container, as shown in Figure 3.1.

Figure 3.1 Your app’s main ubiquity container in context

To enable your app to access ubiquity containers, you request the appropriate iCloud

entitlements.

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3.5 A USER’S ICLOUD STORAGE IS LIMITED

Each iCloud user receives an allotment of complimentary storage space and can purchase more

as needed. Because this space is shared by a user’s iCloud-enabled iOS and Mac apps, a user

with many apps can run out of space. For this reason, to be a good iCloud citizen, it’s important

that your app saves to iCloud only what is needed in iCloud. Specifically:

● DO store the following in iCloud:

● User documents

● Change log files for a SQLite database (a SQLite database’s store file must never be

stored in iCloud)

● DO NOT store the following in iCloud:

● Cache files

● App support files that your app creates and can recreate

● Large downloaded data file

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3.6 THE SYSTEM MANAGES LOCAL ICLOUD STORAGE

A user’s iCloud data lives on Apple’s iCloud servers, and a cache lives locally on each of the

user’s devices, as shown in Figure 3.2.

Local caching of iCloud data allows a user to continue working even when the network is

unavailable, such as when they turn on Airplane mode.

Figure 3.2 iCloud files are cached on local devices and stored in iCloud

Because the local cache of iCloud data shares space with the other files on a device, in some

cases there is not sufficient local storage available for all of a user’s iCloud data.

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4. FEATURES

The cloud-based system allows users to store music, photos, applications, documents, bookmarks,

reminders, backups, notes, iBooks, and contacts, and provides a platform for Apple's email servers and

calendars. Third-party iOS and OS X app developers are able to implement iCloud functionality in their

apps through the iCloud API.

4.1 BACKUP AND RESTORE

iCloud allows users to back up the settings and data on iOS devices running iOS 5 or later. Data

backed up includes photos and videos in the Camera Roll, device settings, app data, messages

(iMessage, SMS, and MMS), ringtones, and Visual Voicemails. Backups occur daily when the

device is locked and connected to Wi-Fi and a power source. In case of a malfunction of any

Apple device, during the restoration process, iCloud offers to restore all data along with App

data only if the device was synced to iCloud and backed up.

4.2 BACK TO MY MAC

Back to My Mac, also previously part of MobileMe, is now part of iCloud. As before, this

service allows users to log in remotely to other computers that have Back to My Mac enabled

and are configured with the same Apple ID.

4.3 EMAIL, CONTACTS, AND CALENDARS

As with MobileMe (and .Mac and iTools before it), an iCloud account includes an email account.

Unlike MobileMe and its previous iterations, an email address is an optional part of an iCloud

account, in that the user can choose not to use it but can still use the email as their iCloud Apple

ID. Additionally, on an iOS device, iCloud email is push-enabled.

Users converting existing MobileMe accounts to iCloud accounts kept their existing "@me.com"

email addresses, and users whose accounts pre-dated MobileMe and had both me.com and

mac.com email addresses kept both. In iOS 6 beta 3, Apple gave notice to developers that new

signups would instead get "@icloud.com" email addresses. 

4.4 FIND MY FRIENDS

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In iOS 5, iCloud introduced a new feature called Find My Friends. Find My Friends is very

similar to Find My iPhone, except users can share their location with other friends or family

using the feature. Concurrently with the launch of iOS 5, Apple released an app for Find My

Friends. iOS 6 added location-based alerts to notify the user when a device arrives at a certain

location.

4.5 FIND MY IPHONE

Find My iPhone, formerly part of MobileMe, allows users to track the location of their iOS

device or Mac. A user can see the device's approximate location on a map (along with a circle

showing the radius depicting the margin of error), display a message and/or play a sound on the

device (even if it is set to silent), change the password on the device, and remotely erase its

contents. The feature was first announced on June 10, 2009 and was included in iOS 3.0 software

update as a feature for paying MobileMe users.  In iOS 5, Find My iPhone was continued as a

feature for iCloud. iOS 6 introduced Lost Mode, a new feature that allows the user to mark a

device as "lost", making it easier to protect and find. The feature also allows someone that finds

the user's lost iPhone to call the user directly without unlocking it. Similar phone finder services

under various names are available for other families of smartphones.

4.6 ITUNES MATCH

iTunes Match debuted on November 14, 2011. It was initially available to US users only. For an

annual fee, customers can scan and match tracks in their iTunes music library, including tracks

copied from CDs or other sources, with tracks in the iTunes Store, so customers do not have to

repurchase said tracks. Customers may download up to 25,000 tracks in 256 kbit/s DRM-

free AAC file format that match tracks in any supported audio file formats in customers' iTunes

libraries, including ALAC and MP3. Any music not available in the iTunes Store is uploaded for

download onto customers' other supported devices and computers; doing this will not take

storage from the customers' iCloud's storage allowance.

4.7 IWORK FOR ICLOUD

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During the 2013 Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) keynote speech, iWork for

iCloud was announced for release at the same time as the next version of the app versions of

iWork later in the year. The three apps for both iOS and OS X that form Apple's iWork suite

(Pages, Numbers, and Keynote), will be made available on a web interface (named as Pages for

iCloud, Numbers for iCloud, and Keynote for iCloud respectively), and accessed via the iCloud

website under each users iCloud Apple ID login. They will also sync with the users iOS and OS

X versions of the app, should they have them, again via their iCloud Apple ID.

This allows the user to edit and create documents on the web, using one of the supported

browsers; currently Safari, Chrome, and Internet Explorer. It also means that Microsoft

Windows users now have access to these native –previously only Apple device– document

editing tools, via the web interface.

4.8 PHOTO STREAM

Photo Stream is a service supplied with the basic iCloud service which allows users to store the

most recent 1,000 photos on the iCloud servers up to 30 days free of charge. When a photo is

taken on a device with Photo Stream enabled, it is automatically uploaded to the iCloud servers;

from there, it is automatically pushed to the rest of the user's registered devices. Photos in Photo

Stream will automatically be removed from other devices after the user reaches the 1,000 photo

or 30 day limit. Users who utilize Photo Stream on their Mac or PC can choose to have all photos

permanently saved on their computer - their photos in Photo Stream will not be removed from

the computer when they are dropped out of Photo Stream after the user reaches the 1,000 photo

or 30 day limit. The service is also integrated with Apple TV, allowing users to view their recent

photos wirelessly on their HDTV.

4.9 STORAGE

Since introduction in 2011, each account has 5 GB of free storage for owners of either an iOS

device using iOS 5.x or later, or a Mac using OS X Lion 10.7 or later. Additional storage can be

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purchased in tiers of 10, 20, or 50 GB – 50 GB being the maximum. The amount of storage is

shared across all devices per iCloud Apple ID.

Several native features of iCloud use each user's iCloud storage allowance, specifically, Backup

and restore, and email, Contacts, and Calendars. Not all of a user's content counts as part of their

iCloud storage allowance. Apple is able to keep a permanent track of every purchase a user

makes under their Apple ID account, and by associating each piece of content with the user,

means only one copy of every Store item is needed to be kept on Apple's servers. For items

bought from the iTunes Store (music, music videos, movies, TV shows), iBookStore (books), or

App Store (iOS apps), this uses a service Apple call iTunes in the Cloud, allowing the user to

automatically, or manually if preferred, re-download any of their previous purchases on to a

Mac, PC, or iOS device. Downloaded (or streamed, provided the user is connected to the

Internet) iTunes Store content can be used across all these devices, however while iBookStore

and Similarly, OS X apps purchased from the Mac App Store are also linked to the Apple ID

they were purchased through, and are able to be downloaded to any Mac using the same Apple

ID. Also, when a user registers any new device, all previously bought Store content can be

downloaded from the Store servers, or non-Store content from the iCloud servers.

In addition to the free 5 GB of iCloud storage, previous MobileMe accounts (to be precise, those

"individual" accounts, or the master account user only, not the sub-members, on "family pack"

accounts) were automatically given the extra 20 GB tier on iCloud, and those with MobileMe

accounts with 40 or 60 GB of additional purchased storage received a complimentary upgrade of

50 GB of iCloud storage. On September 30, 2012 users noticed that the free storage upgrade had

not expired, but had seemingly been extended 50 years longer, with their devices showing an

expiry date of September 30, 2038. However over the course of the next few days this soon

changed to show just a year's extension, until September 30, 2013, with Apple emailing

customers to advise them of the extension.

ICLOUD : SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

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5.1 RECOMMENDED SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

Meeting the recommended system requirements lets you take advantage of the latest iCloud

features and gives you the best overall iCloud experience. iCloud also requires an active Internet

connection via Wi-Fi or cellular data, and some features work only with a Wi-Fi connection.

5.1.1 IPHONE, IPAD, IPOD TOUCH

iOS 7.0.3

iWork for iOS (Pages 2.0, Numbers 2.0, Keynote 2.0)

5.1.2 MAC

OS X Mavericks v10.9 

iTunes 11 or later

iPhoto ’11 version 9.5 or Aperture 3.5

Safari 6 or later, Firefox 22 or later, or Google Chrome 28 or later

iWork for Mac (Pages 5.0, Numbers 3.0, Keynote 6.0)1

5.1.3 PC

Microsoft Windows 7 or Windows 8

iCloud Control Panel 3.0

iTunes 11 or later

Outlook 2007 or later2

Internet Explorer 9 or later, Firefox 22 or later, or Google Chrome 28 or later (desktop

mode only)

5.1.4 APPLE TV

Apple TV software version 5.3

 

5.2 MINIMUM SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS BY FEATURE

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To use iCloud, you must have at least iOS 5 on iPhone 3GS, iPod touch (3rd generation), iPad,

or iPad mini; or at least OS X Lion v10.7.5 on a Mac.

Consult the following table for more information about the specific requirements of each iCloud

feature.

iCloud

feature

Minimum requirements

Ios OS X Windows Apple TV

iTunes in

the Cloud3

iOS 5  iTunes 10.3.1 (for

Music, Apps, Books)

iTunes 10.6 (for

Movies)

iTunes 10.3.1 (for Music,

Apps, Books)

iTunes 10.6 (for Movies)

Apple TV

software 4.4

iTunes

Match

iOS 5.0.1  iTunes 10.5.1 iTunes 10.5.1 Apple TV

software 4.4

My Photo

Stream

iOS 5.1  OS X v10.7.5

iPhoto ’11 (9.2.2)

or Aperture 3.2.3

Windows Vista (SP2)4,

Windows 7, Windows 8

iCloud Control Panel 1.1

Apple TV

software 5.0

Shared

Photo

Streams

iOS 6 OS X v10.8.2

iPhoto ’11 (9.4) or

Aperture 3.4

Windows Vista (SP2)4,

Windows 7, Windows 8

iCloud Control

Panel 2.1.2

Apple TV

software 5.1

iCloud

Photo

Sharing

iOS 7 OS X Mavericks v10.9 Windows 7 or Windows 8 Apple TV

software 5.3

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iPhoto '11 version 9.5

or Aperture 3.5

iCloud Control Panel 3.0

Keychain iOS 7.0.3 OS X Mavericks v10.9 — —

Documents

in the

Cloud

iOS 5

iWork for iOS

(Pages 1.5,

Numbers 1.5,

Keynote 1.5)

OS X v10.7.5

iWork ’09 (Pages 4.2,

Numbers 2.2,

Keynote 5.2)

— —

iWork for

iCloud beta

— Safari 6.0.3

Google Chrome 27.0.1

Internet Explorer 9.0.8

Google Chrome 27.0.1 

—

iCloud.com — Safari 5

Firefox 21

Google Chrome 27 

Internet Explorer 9

Firefox 21

Google Chrome 27 

—

iCloud

Tabs

iOS 6 OS X v10.8.2

Safari 6

— —

Calendar,

Contacts,

Mail

iOS 5  OS X v10.7.5 Windows Vista (SP2)4,

Windows 7, Windows 8

iCloud Control Panel 1.1

—

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Outlook 20072 or an up-

to-date web browser

Bookmarks iOS 5  OS X v10.7.5

Safari 5.1.1

Windows 7 or Windows 8

iCloud Control Panel 1.0

Internet Explorer 9

Firefox 22 (requires

iCloud Control Panel 3.0)

Google Chrome 28 in

desktop mode only

(requires iCloud Control

Panel 3.0)

—

Backup

and

Restore

iOS 5 

— — —

Find My

iPhone

iOS 5 

iOS 6 (for Lost

Mode)

iOS 7 (for

Activation Lock)

OS X v10.7.5

(Lost Mode and

Activation Lock aren't

available on OS X)

— —

6. PRIVACY AND SECURITY

Apple takes data security and privacy of your personal information very seriously. iCloud is built

with industry-standard security practices and employs strict policies to protect your data.

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6.1 DATA SECURITY

iCloud secures your data by encrypting it when it is sent over the Internet, storing it in an

encrypted format when kept on server (review the table below for detail), and using secure

tokens for authentication. This means that your data is protected from unauthorized access both

while it is being transmitted to your devices and when it is stored in the cloud. iCloud uses a

minimum of 128-bit AES encryption—the same level of security employed by major financial

institutions—and never provides encryption keys to any third parties.

6.3 PRIVACY

Apple has a company-wide commitment to your privacy. Our Privacy Policy covers how we

collect, use, disclose, transfer and store your information.

In addition to adhering to the Apple Privacy Policy, Apple designs iCloud features with your

privacy in mind. For example:

6.3.1 FIND MY IPHONE

You must turn on Find My iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch in iOS Settings before your device

can be located.

You must turn on Find My Mac in OS X System Preferences before your Mac can be

located.

Location data is sent from your device only when you request its location—it is not

transmitted or recorded at any other time.

6.3.3 ICLOUD KEYCHAIN

iCloud Keychain encryption keys are created on your devices, and Apple can't access those

keys. Only encrypted keychain data passes through Apple's servers, and Apple can't access

any of the key material that could be used to decrypt that data.

Only trusted devices that you approved can access your iCloud Keychain.

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Advanced settings allow you to choose an iCloud Security Code longer than four digits or

have your device generate one for you.

You can choose to disable keychain recovery, which means that iCloud Keychain is kept up

to date across your approved devices, but the encrypted data is not stored with Apple and

cannot be recovered if all of your devices are lost.

8.ABOUT INCORPORATING ICLOUD INTO YOUR APP

iCloud is a free service that lets users access their personal content on all their devices—

wirelessly and automatically via AppleID.iClouddoesthisbycombiningnetwork-

basedstoragewithdedicatedAPIs,supported by full integration with the operating system. Apple

provides server infrastructure, backup, and user accounts, so you can focus on building great

iCloud-enabled apps.

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The core idea behind iCloud is to eliminate explicit synchronization between devices. A user

never needs to think about syncing and your app never interacts directly with iCloud servers.

When you adopt iCloud storage APIs as described in this document, changes appear

automatically on all the devices attached to an iCloud account. Your users get safe, consistent,

and transparent access to their personal content everywhere

8.1 AT A GLANCE iCloud is all about content, so your integration effort focuses on the

model layer of your app. Because instances of your app running on a user’s other devices can

change the local app instance’s data model, you design your app to handle such changes. You

might also need to modify the user interface for presenting iCloud-based files and information.

There is one important case for which Cocoa adopts iCloud for you. A document-based app for

OS X v10.8 or later requires very little iCloud adoption work, thanks to the capabilities of the

NSDocument class.

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There are many different ways you can use iCloud storage, and a variety of technologies

available to access it. This document introduces all the iCloud storage APIs and offers guidance

in how to design your app in the context of iCloud.

8.2 THREE KINDS OF ICLOUD STORAGE

iCloud supports three kinds of storage. To pick the right one (or combination) for your app, make

sure you understand the intent and capabilities of each. The three kinds of iCloud storage are:

● Key-value storage for discrete values, such as preferences, settings, and simple app state.

● Document storage for user-visible file-based information such as word processing

documents, drawings, and complex app state.

● Core Data storage for shoebox-style apps and server-based, multi-device database solutions

for structured content. iCloud Core Data storage is built on document storage and employs the

same iCloud APIs.

COMPETITORS

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CONCLUSION

iCloud gives you access to all your music, photos, and documents and more without you having

to think about file transfers via USB or a manual wireless sync. iCloud is a set of online services

that ultimately wants to eliminate the need of a central repository the digital hub from where

users were forced to start moving content onto other devices, like iPods and iPhone.

iCloud permeates every aspect of the operating system and it’s built into the apps you use every

day. If you create or edit bookmarks on Safari for Mac, changes will appear on Safari for iOS;

when you add a page to the new Reading List, that page will be instantly pushed to all your

devices’ Safari browser.

Cloud computing has enabled teams and organizations to streamline lengthy procurement

processes.

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REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. en.wikipedia.org

2. www.apple.com

3. www.google.co.in

4. www.techradar.com

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