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Derwin SuhartonoWahyu Aditya Nugraha

Miranty LestariMuhammad Yasin

Expert System in Expert System in Detecting Coffee Detecting Coffee Plant DiseasesPlant Diseases

Research Background

Coffee is an important commodity in the world economy

Coffee is also an important commodity in the plantations

The productivity and quality of the commodity plantation are still quite low

About Coffee

Type of pine wood dicotyledonous (seed-bearing two) plant, a descendant of the family Rubiaceae

Only 2 types of coffee being the main varieties to be developed, they are Arabica and Robusta

In Indonesia, their production level reached on 9.129.000 sacks per year

The number of exports of Arabica coffee per year i.e. 792.327 per sack/60 kg and exports Robusta coffee per year i.e. 4.462.620 per sack/60 kg

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Coffee Diseases

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Coffee Leaf Rust

Brown Eye Spot of Coffee

Nematode

Upas Fungus

Root Fungus

Current Works

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Expert System has been developed and applied in many fields

lack of knowledge and information on how to give the right treatments for plant diseases

spend much money

Engineers in Pakistan developed an application which aims to detect diseases and pests on crops of wheat called Dr.Wheat

IF-THEN rules method

Current Works

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Engineers in India has developed image based rapeseed-mustard diseases expert system for detecting rapeseed-mustard diseases with the feature which is image based

Engineer in India has developed expert system for the diagnosis of diseases in rice plant

determining the main characteristics of the process of diagnosis

searching data with basic knowledge of human or domain expert

representing data processing

Methodology

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direct interviews with some expert of the coffee plant examine documentation about coffee plant doing some research in the field and survey to

farmers

Methodology

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The Decision Tree

A

B J

D C R4 R8

R1 E G R9

R2 F

R3 R9

R5 H

R6 I

R7 R9

No. Code Description1 A Leaves becomes yellow2 B Brownish yellow spots appear

on the leaf OR leaves becomes easily fallen

3 C Dull, shriveled, and hang leaves4 D Leaves have orange powdery

spots on the underside of leaves OR leaves become bald OR patches spreading leaves

5 E Premature and empty leaves OR short stem OR decomposed and rotten root

6 F Spots appear on fruit so it becomes rotten OR circular spots appear on fruit forming a halo

7 G Roots covered by a crust of soil grains OR roots have woven yarn blackish brown fungus

8 H Black spots on the roots OR black spots on the stem

9 I Roots have woven threads of white fungus

10 J Stem has a thin threads of fungi such as silk OR stem necrosis OR fruit necrosis

Methodology

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No. Code Description1 R1 Coffee Leaf Rust2 R2 Nematode3 R3 Brown Eye Spot of Coffee4 R4 Upas Fungus5 R5 Brown Root Fungus 6 R6 Black Root Fungus7 R7 White Root Fungus8 R8 Healthy Plants9 R9 Disease Not Detected

The Decision Tree

A

B J

D C R4 R8

R1 E G R9

R2 F

R3 R9

R5 H

R6 I

R7 R9

The system is moving forward from the current state to the goal state, whose goal state on the condition here is the coffee plant diseases (such as coffee leaf rust, brown eye spot of coffee, nematode and upas fungus) or other information such as “healthy plants” or “diseases not detected”

Result and Discussion

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Result and Discussion

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Of the 20 samples randomly taken, 17 samples of specimens can be detected by the system

Of the 20 samples randomly taken, 3 samples of specimens cannot be detected by the system

Expert system can detect several diseases at the coffee plant

Of the 20 samples taken specimens, 3 samples were not detected by the system, as it is caused by other symptoms such as Hama attacked by borers and caterpillars Soot Dew

Result and Discussion

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Accuracy calculation of the system can be adopted from the ratio of total sample that can be detected by the expert system with the total sample which is randomly taken.

(17/20) * 100% = 85%

Conclusion

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1. By using this approach, researcher in coffee plants and farmer could be helped to identify the disease earlier

2. Detecting plant disease especially in coffee plants by using expert system reaches 85% accuracy

3. To make a better detection of the coffee plants disease, additional variables such as weather and temperature are needed. In this research, those variables have not been used yet as the limitation of data source of them

References (1)

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International Coffee Organization, 2007. The Story of Coffee. http://www.ico.org/coffee_story.asp?section=About_Coffee (Accessed on November 15, 2012)

Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, 2008. Post-Harvest Research Group http://www.iccri.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=87:laboratorium%C2%ADpasca%C2%ADpanen&catid=47:laboratorium&Itemid=116 (Accessed on July 18, 2012)

Directorate General of Plantations, 2010. Coffee Plant Pest Attack Modeling with Geographic Information System (GIS). http://ditjenbun.deptan.go.id/bbp2tpsur/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=40:permodelan-serangan-opt-tanaman-kopi-dengan-geographic-information-system-gis&catid=6:iptek&Itemid=24 (Accessed on August 12, 2012)

Coffee Research Organization, 2006. Arabica and Robusta Coffee Plant. http://www.coffeeresearch.org/coffee/coffeeplant.htm(Accessed on February 13, 2011)

References (2)

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International Coffee Organization, 2010. International Coffee Organization - Country datasheets. http://www.ico.org/countries/indonesia.pdf (Accessed on November 15, 2012)

Khan, F. S., Razzaq, S., Irfan, K., Maqbool, F., Farid, A., Illahi, I., and Ul Amin, T. 2008. Dr. Wheat: A Web-based Expert System for Diagnosis of Diseases and Pests in Pakistani Wheat. Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering, 1: 978-988-98671-9-5

Kumar, V., Lehri, S., Sharma, A. K., Meena, P. D., and Kumar, A. 2004. Image Based Rapeseed-Mustard Disease Expert System : An Effective Extension Tool. Indian Res. J. Ext. Edu, 8 (10-13)

Sarma, S. K., Singh, K. R., and Singh, A. 2008. An Expert System for diagnosis of diseases in Rice Plant. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence, 1 (26-31)

Hemmer, M.C., 2008. Expert Systems in Chemistry Research. CRC Press, Florida. ISBN: 978‑1‑4200‑5323‑4, pp:10-29.

Sasikumar, M., Ramani, S., Raman, S. M., Anjaneyulu, K., and Chandrasekar, R., 2007. A Practical Introduction to Rule Based Expert Systems. Narosa Publishers, New Delhi. pp:29-30

References (3)

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Russell, S., & Norvig, P., 2010. Artificial Intelligence : A Modern Approach. 3rd Ed. Pearson Education Inc, New Jersey. ISBN: 978-0-13-604259-4, pp:240

Siller, W., & Buckley, J. J. (2005). Fuzzy Expert Systems and Fuzzy Reasoning. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc

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