Ibadat –Rituals or More

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Literal Meaning:The basic concept implied by the root word, 'abd, is that

of acknowledging someone other than oneselfHolding supremacy or enjoying over lordshipAbdicating one's freedom and independence in big

favor, of relinquishing any resistance to or disobedienceSurrendering oneself totally to one’s authorityIts not slavery or bondage which tantamount to similar

status, the sense conveys to the mind of Arabs is of this very factor, namely, Slavery / Bondage

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In FiqhThe Arabic word ibadah (عبادة) or ibada has

connotations of obedience, submission, and humility.

In Islam, ibadah is the ultimate obedience, the ultimate submission, and the ultimate humility to Allah (God) along with the ultimate love for Him.

Ibadah is the reason for the existence of all humanity.. Following Islamic beliefs and practices – its commands, prohibitions, the halal, and the haram.

Ibadah cannot be forced upon another person

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Concept

Classical ConceptIt includes anything refined for elites in the

form of worship, flattery, gifts etcAny thing meant for Holy RoyalBrhaman in HinduismConfession in ChristianityLeading congregation of Hajj in Islam

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Modern Concept

Rituals: Prayer, fasting, Ganga Ashnan, Idolatry etcThoughts: Prophet S.A.W used to worship in Cave Hira.

Ibadat of Hazrat Ibrahim A.S related to thoughts. Experience:Self denial, love, Chilla, Mediation Wajjadh,

Tasawuf,Zikar etcAmer Bil Maroof wa Nahi En-el-MunkirSocial Work: Sadka-e-JariaHuman rights- Haqooq-ul-EbadTruth and Truthfulness

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Cont….

Islamic concept of Ibada is beautiful mix of all

definitions of ibada. As Allah said in Holy Quran

The Quran says:

"And to every nation We sent Messengers, ordering

them that they should worship Allah alone, obey Him,

and make their worship purely for Him; and that they

should avoid at-Taaghoot." [Sooratun-Nahl 16:36]

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Nature of Ibadat in IslamPhysical IbadaFinancial IbadaSpiritual Ibada(Thoughts) Fikri ibadaPrimary ibada it includes five basic ibada. Prayer, fasting, zakat,

Hajj,Jihad (Obligatory)Secondary ibada e.g. Charity, Nawafil, slaughtering of animal to Seek

mercy of Allah (Recommended)Social ibada e.g. Greetings, Eid, funeral namaz, Amanat (Optional)Political ibada e.g. establishment of Islamic state etc (??????)

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Infradi-o-Ijtamai fwayid

Collective and Individual Benefits

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Individual Reimbursements

Individual benefits:Faith or belief in the Oneness of GodFulfillment of basic purpose of lifeNourishment of Self (Nafs)Hatred for evilCause the mercy of AllahSelf purificationSense of Responsibility

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CollectiveSpirit of BrotherhoodEqualityRealization of others’ painFoundation of healthy societyImplementation of ShariahDevelopment of values Strength of social relationsSocial developmentSocial betterment/welfareSpirit of mutual help

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Ibadat/ 5 ibadah-five pillars of Islam

1. Faith or belief in the Oneness of God and the finality of the prophethood of Muhammad;

2. Namaz /Establishment of the daily prayers; 3. Zakat /Concern for and almsgiving to the needy; 4. Roza /Self-purification through fasting; 5. Hajj/The pilgrimage to Makkah for those who are

able.Jihad !!!!!!

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Some objectives

Namaz was declared as farz on 10 hijri

Roza was declared as farz on 2 hijri

Zakat was declared as farz on 2 hijri (9 hijri

rules)

Hajj was declared as Farz/wajib on 9 hijrai

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Zakat

• Concept– Purity, Tazkiya– Three important constituents• Rate, Time, threshold

• Difference B/w Zakat and Sadq`aat,Nifaq,Khums,Fay,Haq

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Nature Rate Time Threshold

Wealth & precious Metals

2.5 % Annual Equivalent of 7.5 Tola Silver

Agri-Production 10% of irrigated 5% of Arid

On every yield

No Minimum thresholh

Live stock Goats 1/40,Camels 1G/5C,Cows 1/30

Annual 40 Goats,5 Camels,30 Cows

Trade-in-Stock 2.5 % Annual 52,000 Rs and more

Minerals or buried wealth

20% On every yield

No minimum

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FUNCTIONS OF ZAKAT

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(a) A religious function:

• In this respect zakat is a manifestation of the faith that affirms that God is the sole owner of everything in the universe, and what men hold is a trust in their hand over which God made them trustees to discharge it as He has laid down: – Al-Quran Surah Al-Hadid (57:7) "Believe in Allah and

His Messenger and spend of that over which He made you trustees"

– It is also an expression of gratitude towards the Bestower Who said: "If you give thanks, I will give you more." (Quran 14:7)

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(b) a social functions

• Zakat makes a fair contribution to social stability.

• By purging the soul of the rich of selfishness and the soul of the poor of envy and resentment against society,

• It stops up the channels leading to class hatred and makes it possible for the springs of brotherhood and solidarity to gush forth

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Socio-Economics Effects

• Circulation of Wealth• Reduction in Poverty (Umer-bin abdul Aziz and

Saladin)• Economic Prosperity• Reduction in Unemployment• Increase in Investment• Increase in consumption (Y= C+ S)

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Possibility of Working of Zakat

• Corruption in Collection and Distribution• Increased administrative Cost• Exemptions in Payments of Zakat• True Education• Collective Reimbursement by Govt• Separation of Zakat and Sadakat• Trust Deficit on System

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Some important questions about Zakat to ponder over

• Can Zakat be given to Non-Muslims

• Is it applicable on Non-Muslims

• Can it be given to Mosques, Madaras etc

• Can it be given in family ?

• Do Holy Royals pay or receive Zakat ?

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• Take, [O, Muhammad], from their wealth a charity by which you purify them and cause them increase, and invoke [ Allah 's blessings] upon them. Indeed, your invocations are reassurance for them. And Allah is Hearing and Knowing. 9-103

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• Zakah expenditures are only for the poor and for the needy and for those employed to collect [zakah] and for bringing hearts together [for Islam] and for freeing captives [or slaves] and for those in debt and for the cause of Allah and for the [stranded] traveler - an obligation [imposed] by Allah . And Allah is Knowing and Wise. 9-60

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Agri production and Zakat

• And He it is who causes gardens to grow, [both] trellised and untrellised, and palm trees and crops of different [kinds of] food and olives and pomegranates, similar and dissimilar. Eat of [each of] its fruit when it yields and give its due [zakah] on the day of its harvest. And be not excessive. Indeed, He does not like those who commit excess. 6-141-inaam 23

• And know that anything you obtain of war booty - then indeed, for Allah is one fifth of it and for the Messenger and for [his] near relatives and the orphans, the needy, and the [stranded] traveler, if you have believed in Allah and in that which We sent down to Our Servant on the day of criterion - the day when the two armies met. And Allah , over all things, is competent. 8-41-infiaal

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• They ask you, [O Muhammad], what they should spend. Say, "Whatever you spend of good is [to be] for parents and relatives and orphans and the needy and the traveler. And whatever you do of good - indeed, Allah is Knowing of it."

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• [Charity is] for the poor who have been restricted for the cause of Allah , unable to move about in the land. An ignorant [person] would think them self-sufficient because of their restraint, but you will know them by their [characteristic] sign. They do not ask people persistently [or at all]. And whatever you spend of good - indeed, Allah is Knowing of it. 2-273

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