IARI PhD Entrance Question Paper 2011 - Agril Economics

7/29/2019 IARI PhD Entrance Question Paper 2011 - Agril Economics

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Post Graduate SchoolIndian A gricultural Research Institute, New DelhiE x a m i n a t i o n f o r A d m is s io n t o Ph.D. P r o g r a m m e 2011-2012

Discipline : Agricultural Econom ics IDiscipline Code, : 02 R o l l NO./Please Note: 1

i. I (i) his qu estion paper contains 14 pages. Please check w he the r all the pages arepr in ted in thi s set. R eport discrepancy, if any, im me diate ly to the invigilator. I(ii) here shall be NEGATIVE murking for WRONG answers in tlie MultipleChoice type questions (No. Z to 130) which carry one mark each. For everywrong answer 0.23mark will be deducted. I

PART- I General Agriculture)Multiple choice questions (No. 1 to 30).Choose the correct answer (a, b, c or d)and enter your choice in the circle (byshadlng wlth a pencil) on the OMR -answer sheet as per the instructionsgiven on the answer sheet.1. Which of the following crops have beenapproved for co mmercial cultivation in lndia?a) Bt cotton and Bt brinjalb) Bt cotton and Golden Ricec) Bt maize and Bt cottond) Bt cotto n only2. This year (2010-11) the expected food grainproduction in india isa) 212 million tonnesb) 220 million tonnesC) 235 million tonnesd) 250 million tonnes3. The genome of which of the foiiowing cropsis still not com pletely sequenced?a) Riceb) SoybeanC) Sorghumd) Wheat4 According to the Approach Paper to the 12IhFive Year Plan, the basic objective of the12Ih pian isa) Inclusive grow thb) Sustainable arow thC) Faster, moe inclusive and sustainablegrowthd) Inclusive and sustainabie grow th

5 . To address the problems of sustainable andholistic development of rainfed areas,including appropriate farming and livelihoodsystem approaches, the G overnment of lndiahas set up the1 a) National Rainfed Area Authorityb) National Watershed D evelopment Project forRainfed Areasc) National Mission on Rainfed Areasd) Command Area Developme nt and WaterManagement Authority

6. Which of the foiiowing sub-schemes are notcovered under the Rashtriya Krishi ViitasYojana?a) Extending the Green R evolution to easternindiab) Developm ent of 60,000 pu lses and oilseedsvillages in identified watershedsc) National Mission on Saffrond) Nationai Mission on Bamboo

7 . The minimum support price for the commonvariety of paddy announced by theGovernment of lndia for the year 2010..11wasa) T I030b) 7 1000c) T 980d) 7 9508. According to the Human DevelopmentReport 2010 of the United Nations, India'srank in terms of the human developmentindex isa) 119b) 134c) 169d) 182


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Subject : PhD - Agricultural Economics-2011 29. Which of the following does not apply to SRImethod of paddy cultivation?a) Reduced water applicationb) Reduced plant densityc) increased appllcationo f chemical fertilizersd) Reduced age of seedlings10 .W hi ch organic acid, often used as apreservative, occurs naturally in cranberries,prunes, cinnamon and cloves?a) Citric acidb) Benzoic acidc) Tartaric acidd) Lactic acid11. Cotton belongs to the familya) Cruciferaeb) Anacardiaceaec) Malvaceaed) Solanaceae12. Photoperiodism isa) Bending of shoot towards source of lightb) Effect of lighffdark durations on physiolog icalprocessesc) Movement of chloroplast in cell in responseto iightd) Effect of iight on chlorophyll synthesis13. Ergot disease is caused by which pathogenon which host7a) Claviceps purpurea on ryeb) Puccinia recondite on wheatc) Drechlera sorokiniana on wheatd) Albugo candida on mustard14. Rocks are the chief sources of parentmaterials over whicti soils are developed.Granite, an important rock, is classified asa) igneous rockb) Metamorphic rockc) Sedimentary rockd) Hybrid rock15. Which one of the following is a Kharifcrop?a) Pearl milletb) Lentilc) Mustardd) Wheat16 .T he coe fficient of variation (C.V.) iscalculated by the formulaa) (Mean1S.D.) x 100b) (S.D.1Mean) x 100c) S.D.IMeand) Mean1S.D.

17. Which of the following is commonly referredto as muriate of potash?a) Potassium nitrateb) Potassium chloridec) Potassium sulphated) Potassium silicate18.lnbred lines that have same geneticconstitution but differ only at one locus arecalleda) Muiti linesb) Monohybridc) lsogenic lines 'd) Pure lines19. For applying 100 kg of nitrogen, how muchurea would one use?a) 45 kgb) Ill gc) 222 kgd) 333 kg20. The devastating Impact of plant disease onhuman suffering and surv~ val was firstrealized by epidemic ofa) Brown spot of rice in Bengalb) Late bllght of potato in USAc) Late blight of potato in Europed) Rust of wheat in India21. The species of rice ( O v a ) other than 0.safiva that is cultivated isa) 0.ufipugonb) 0.ongisteminatac) 0. giaberrimad) 0. nivara22. The enzyme responsib le for the fixation ofC 0 2 n rnesophyll cells of C-4 plants isa) Malic enzymeb) Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxyiasec) Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinased) RuBP carboxyiase23. Which one of the following is a 'Vertisol'?a) Black cotton soiib) Red sandy loam soilC) Sandy loam sodic soii,d) Submontane (Tarai) soil24.What is the most visible physicalcharacteristic of cells in me taphase ?a) Elongated chromosomesb) Nucleus visible but chromosomes notC) Fragile doub le stranded loose chromosomesd) Condensed paired chromosomes on the cellplate


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Subject : PhD -Agricultural Economics -2011

25. Ail weather pheno men a like rain, fog an dmist occur ina) Troposphereb) Mesospherec) Ionosphered) Ozonosphere26. Which of the following elements is commonto all proteins and nu cle~c c~ ds ?a) Sulphur

,. b) Magnesiumc) Nitrogend) Phosphorous

33. The degree of monopoly power as definedby Rothschild s based ona) Price elasticity of dem andb) Price cross-dlasticity of dema ndc) Slope of the demand curve of a firm and ofthe industryd) Supe r-norm al profit34. A locus of constant utility is called thea) Expansion pathb) Utility functionc) lndlfference curved) Demand funption

28. Certifled seed is produced froma) plucleus,seedb) Breeder seedc) Foundation seedd) Truthful seed29. Seedless banana is a na) Autotrlploidb) Autotetrapioidc) Allotriploidd) Allotetraploid30. W hich one of the following is use d to test thegoodness-of-flt of a distribution?a) Normal testb) t-testc) Chi-square testd) F-test

PART- 11 (Subject Paper)Multiple choice questions (No. 31 to 130).Choose the correct answer (a, b, c or d )and enter your choice in the circle (byshading with a pencil) on the OMR -answer sheet a s per the instructionsgiven on the answ er sheet.31. Giffen paradox occurs when income effect isa) Grea ter than the substitution effectb) Equal to the substitution effectc) Less than the substitution effectd) Negative and is greater than the substitutioneffect

27. Silt has intermediate characteristics betweena) Sand and loamb) Clay and loamc). Loam and graveld) Sand and clay

32.If the amounts of two commoditiespurchased change a s the price of one of thetwo commodities changes, then the crosselasticity of demand b etween them will bea) Negativeb) Positivec) Zerod) One

35. Market performance s determined bya) Market structure onlyb) Market conduct onlyc) Either market structure or market conductd) Both market structure and market conduct36. The break-even quantity of output can bedetermined by the form ulaa) TFCNP-AVC)

37. A demand curve would not shift if there werechanges in thea) Taste and preferen ces of consumersb) Num ber or age distribution of buyersc) Price of the goqd.d) Expectations of consumers about theavailability of the go od38. The economic rent earned by any factor willbe the highest if its elasticity of supply isa) Zerob) Equal to onec) Infinityd) Be twee n one and infinity39. Least cost production in the long run requitesfirms to adjust their resource mixes until therelative prices of resources are equal to therelativea) Prices of outputsb) Total costs for each resourcesc). Average productivity per resourced) Marg inal produc tivity of the resources40. Under WTO in agricullure, ail measures thatdirectlv suwwort prices or subsidies related to, .production quantities are included in thea) Amber Boxb) Red boxc) Blue boxd) Green Box


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Subject :PhD - Agrlculturnl Economics - 2011 4

c) Provison of direct sales to consum ers c) Gross income -C os t C2a) Sett ng up of speclal economic zones d) Gross income - Cost B2

41 . Which of the following is a proposalcontained in the Model APMC Act?a) Expansion of futures tradingb) Setling up of special marketing boards

42. Measures of long-term solvency of abusiness enterprise are collectively calleda) Leverage ratiosb) Liquidity ratiosc) Turn-ove r ratiosd) Profitability ratios

49. Family labour income is equa l toa) Gross income - Cost A,b) Farm business income - wages of familylabour

43 . Price discrimination allows a monopoly toa) Lower its margina l costb) Reduce its produce r surplusc) 'Raise its total revenued) Charge all custom ers a higher price44 . The marketing activity of dividing marketsInto smaller units with similar needs andcharacteristlcs is known asa) Market pene trationb) Relationship marketingc) Target marketingd) Market segmentation45. Which of the followino are not the affiliatebodies of World ~ a n k ? -a) IMFb) IDAc) IFCd) ADB46. In the second stage of law of diminishingreturns, the elasticity of produc tion (E,) isa) E > 1b) Ep< Ic) E = 0d) Eo 047. An equation of a system is exactly identifiedif the number of excluded exogenousvariables from the eq uation isa) Equal to the number of endogenousvariables in the equation minus Ib) Smaller than the number of endogenous

variabies in the equa tion minus 1c) Greater than the number of endogenousvariables in the equation minus 1d) All of the above48 . Short-term supply curve of milk can bealtered bya) Purchasing more cowsb) Changing feed mixc) Processing the milkd) Technological change

50. GNP d eflator isa) Nom inal GNP Inominal GDPb) Nominal GNPlreai GNPc) Nominal GNPkeal GDPd) Real GNPInominaiGDP .51 . The identification problem of thesimultaneous equa tion systems relates toa) Method:of estim ationb) Sample sife .:c) Meaningful estimate of structural coefficientsd) All of the above ,- .52. The determinant of the matrixa) b2b) -bZC) a"


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Subject : IID-Agric ultura l Economics- 2011 5 156 . Presence of mult~co llinearity between theexplanatory variables is de tected bya) Durbin-W atson testb) Farrar-Glauber estc) Chi-square testd) Coefficient of multiple determ ination57. if the correlation coefficient between X and Yis 0 50, what percentag e of the total variationremains unexplained by the regressionequation?a) 25%b) 50%c) 75%d) 100%58. Which of the following is not the correctexpression for coefficient of determina tion?

ESSa) E sRSSb) I--TSS

59.Which of the following is a positivestatement?a) The govt, must lower the prices of bread sothat more consumers can afford to buy itb) The best level of taxation is zero per centbecause then people get to keep every thingthey wantc) An increase in college tuition will causefewer students to apply to colleged) Econo mic theory course should last for twoterms because it is a very important subject

60. If demand is inelastic, a shifl of supply curverightward willa) Decrease total revenueb) Increase total revenueC) Have no effect on total revenued) Reduce the dema nd for the product61. All normal goods havea) Income elasticity of demand grea tertha n 1.0b) Price elasticity of demand greater than 1.0c) Negative price elasticity of dema ndd) Positive income elasticity of dem ang62 . The difference between the maximumamount consumers are willlng to pay and theamount they actually do pay for a givenquantity of good is calleda) Dead weight surplusb) Consumer surplusc) Produce r surplusd) Total surplus

63. A feature of labour supply curve is that,unlike most supply curves, ita) is always positively slopedb) is always nega tively slopedc) May bend backw ardsd) None of the above64 . Suppose the government taxes a product.The decrease in quantity consumed wlll besmaller whena) The elasticity of dema nd is higherb) The elasticity of dem and is lowerC) Elasticity of demand has nothing to do withquantity demandedd) More information s needed to answer it65. When the elasticity of demand of a product isless than the elasticity of its supply, it resullsin Cobweb phenom ena of the following typea) Perpetual oscillationb) Damped oscillationc) Explosive oscillationd) Both a) & b)66. The reiationshlp'between rate of interest andthe level of income at which the moneymarket is in equilibrium is described bya) LM functionb) Production functionc) IS functiond) Cost function67. The type of isoquan t which represen tsperfect substitutability of factors ofproduction isa) Leontief isoquantb) Convex isoquantc) Linear isoquan td) Kinked isoquant68. Gross National Product (GNP) is given bywhich of the following?a) Personal consumption expenditure (C) +Gross domestic private investment (I) + Netforeign investment (X-M) + Governmentexpenditure on goods and services (G)b) Net national product (GNP) - Indirect taxes +Subsidiesc) Nationa l income - Social security

contributions - Corporate income taxes -Undistributed corporate profits + Transferpaymentsd) Rents + interests + Profits of un incorporatedfirms + Dividend + Undistributed corporateprofits + Corporate taxes + Indirect taxes +Depreciation- Transfer payments


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Subject : PhD - Agricultural Economics - 2011 6

69. Which of the following does not represe nt theelasticity of produc tion Ep?

b) MPPIAPPAYxX

C) -XxY70 . Tne cap;tal us ing technologica . progressa) lncre ases MP, prop ortion ately more thanMP.b) lncreases the absolute slope of the isoquantc) Peduces K but increases L to produce agiven level of outputd) All of the above71 . An autonomous decrease in investmentcauses the IS sche dule to sh ifta) Leftward bv the chanae in investme ntb) Rightward by the change in investmentc) Rightward by the chang e in investment timesthe expenditure multiplierd) Leftward by the change in investme nt timesthe expend iture multiplier72 . Liquidity preference theory states that theliquidity preference by the people dependsona) Transactions motiveb) Precautionary motiveC) Speculative motived) All of the above73 The P h~lips urve showsa) An inverse relationship between the rate ofinflation and the rate of unem ploymentb) A direct relationship between the rate ofinflation and the ra te of unemploymentc) An inverse relatlonship between the rate ofinflation and the level of employmentd) An Inverse relationship between the pricelevel and the level of employme nt74. A farm er has fou r items (i.e., m achinery,

livestack, farm building and land) to offer assecurity for loan. Which of these could beoffered as security if the farmer i s taking theloan agains t collateral security?a) Farm building and land bothb) Machinery and livestock bothc) Farm building aloned) Machinery alone

75 . Profit differs from other kinds of incomebecausea) It is uncertain and may be negativeb) It is a contractual incomec) It is a reward for ability.-d) It is a surplus ,,

76. in economics, rent isa) The payment for land -.b) A surplus payment necessary to k e e p afactor in its present employmentc) The reward paid to the landlords .,d) The payment 'made for the hire of land andbuildings77. What arg the terms of trade?a) The price of imports in terms of exportsb) The difference between visible' imports andvisible exportsc) The difference between total imports and

exports ,d) The difference in the foreign exchange ratesof different currencies78 . Which of the fallowing types ofunemployment Is caused by the immobility oflabour?a) Seasonalb ) Cyclicalc) Frictionald) Structural79 . When both the duopolists in an industry actas foiiowers and no one acts as a leader, it

leads to aa) Cournot solutionb) Quas i-compe titive solutionc) Stackelberg solutiond) Collusion solution80. The distribution of the form

1p =--e.fa*m) is known asa) Poisson distributionb) Gamma distributionc) Norm al distributiond) Logistic distribution81 . Allocative efficiency of any enterprise is alsoknown asa) Opera tional efficiencyb) Economic efficiencyc) Techn ical efficiency ,d) Price efficiency82 . IS curve has slope and showsequilibrium in marketa) Positive, goodsb) Positive, moneyc) Negative , goodsd) Negative , money


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Subject :PIID - Agricultural Econ on~ics 011 783. The 'L's h a ~ e dsoauants remesenta) Fixed proportion combination of inputsb) Constant rate of substrtut onC) lncreasina rates o f substitutiond) ~ e c r e a s i i ~ates of substilution84. Economic efficiency 1s highest undera) Perfect competitionb) Monopolyc) Monopolistic completion

, d) Oligopoly85. Kinked demand curve is used to showa) Welfare under oligopolyb) Price rigidity under oligopolyc) Market share unde r duopolyd) Profit m aximisation under duopoiy86. if the assumption of OLS (E(Xp)tO) is notfulfilled, then the estim ates area) Not biasedb) Biasedc) Inconsistentd) Biased and inconsistent87. The classical book on "Economics ofAgricultural Prod uction and Resource Use" iswritten bya) G.E. Fosterb) W.W. WilcoxC) T.W. Schuitzd) Earl0. eady68. Which one of the following is not acomponent of a market?a) The existen ce of good s or comm odityb) The existence of buyers and sellersc) Business relationship between buyers andsellersd) Existence of a uniform price89. Use o f transfer paymen ts as a poiicyinstruments s made fora) Bringing about income redistributionb) Reducing private consump tionc) InCreaS ng private cons ump liond) Illcreas.ng gross national product90 When a price index increases from 125 to150, the value of moneya) Increases 25%b) Decreases 25%c) Increases 20%d) Decrease s 20%

91. A bank must m aintain adequate liquiditya) To meet the loan demand of customers andminimize loan defaultb) To explain . transaction depo sits. wheneverthere is a de flclency of secondary reservesc) To meet loan demand and outflow ofdepositsd) To meet the currency requests of depositiesand conversion of loans into secondary. .redwes, .92. Fisca l Policies are highly effective ina) Keynesian 5ange o f LM curveb) Classical range of LM curvec) Intermediate range of LM, curved) Both ,Keynesian and class ical range of LMcurve i ;93. In order to achieve the maximum galns fromtrade, producer should specialize according

tn.-a) Production poss ibility frontierb) Absolute adva ntagec) Comparative advantaged) Property rights94. The 'e' is the elasticity of demand for theproduct of a monopolist then the ratio PIMRis given bya) e- l leb) ele- Ic ) e - l /e+ ld) e+l/e- I95. Quasi Rent is equal toa) Revenue minus costb) Revenue minus fixed co st,c) Revenue minus variable costd) Revenue minus norm al profit96. Harrod-D omar model of economic growth isbased on the experiences ofa) Under-developed econom iesb) Developing econom iesc) Advanced capitalist econom ies.d) Socialist econ omie s,97. According to Hicks, an invention is said to be

neutral when it raisesa) The average products of labour and capilalin the same proportionb) The marginal products of labour and capitalin the same propo rtionc) The wage rate and interest rate in th e sameproportiond) None of the above


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Subject : PitD -Agricultural Econolnics -2011 898. Which of the foliowlng is not a characteristicof market performance?a) Relative technical efficiency of productionb) Degree of buyer concen trationC) Size of industry outputd) Profit margin99. A "Bonded warehouse" isa) A warehouse owned by a private businessfor storage of their own goodsb) A warehouse owned by a private businessfor storage of products of other businessesc) A publlc warehoused) A warehouse at an air or seaport whereimported goods are stored until customsduties are paid100. Among the following economists, who hasadvocated the technique of unbalancedgrowth?a) A.O. Hirschmanb) Paul A. Sam uisonc) H.D. Hendersond) J.M. Keynes101. The simplex algo rithm for solving linearprogramming models was invented bya) G.B. Dantzig .b) T.C. Koopmansc) G. Tin tne rd) E.O . Heady102. Moving average method is used to eliminatea) Cyclical variationsb) Seasonal variationsc) Secular variationsd) Irregular variations103. In case of a linear dem and function, theslope Of the m arginal revenue curve derivedfrom it will bea) Only half of the d eman d curveb) Equal to that of the demand curvec) Twice that of the demand curve

- , d) Thrice that of the demand curve,104. If the price-consumption curve for acommodity has a positive slope, Its elasticity

of demand would bea) Equal to oneb) Less than onec) Greater than oned) Greater than two105. The rate of discount (r) at which the presentvalue of the cost stream of a project justequals to the present value of its returns istermeda) Net present valueb) Return on investment -c) Internal rate of returnd) Desired discount rate

106. Which of the following statements withregard to NABARD is not correct?a) It gives diiect finance for agricultural ruraldevelopmentb) It plays a key role in programmes of ruraldevelopmentC) It finance$ agriculture and village industriesthrough the cooperative banks andcommercial banksd) it directly loans to farmers and artisans -.107. If two events A & B are independent, the .probabilitv that both of these will occur isgiven bya) P(A) + Y B )b) P(A) x P(B)108. The p roduct momen t cortelation coefficient

Is obtained by the formulaa) r = ZXYlxyb) r = Zxy/Ntr,tryC) r = Zxy lNc~~d) r = ZxZy/aXtry109. The elasticity in respect of speculativedemand for money under the liquidity trapcondition isa) Infiniteb) Zeroc) One ,d) Greater than one110. Whe n the intrinsic value of rnoney and itsface value are equal, it is calleda) Token money 'b) Full-bodied moneyc) Quasi-money*d) Flat money111. Which one is not economic m otive ofholding a stock of mon ey?a) Transaction motiveb) Precautionary mo tivec) Speculative motived) Black money motive112. The major quan titative monetary toolavailable with cen tral bank isa) Rationing creditb) Margin requirementsc) Rese rve ratio requirementsd) Regulation of consum er credit113. The most imp ortant asset of a com mercialbank is itsa) Dem and depositsb) Government securitiesc) Negotiable stocks and bondsd) Loans to businessmen, industry Jtc.


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114. The Hindu rate of growtha) Refers to grow th of Hindu populationb) is the term used by R aj Krishna to representthe nature of growth of the Indian economyat around 3.5 percent per yearc) is the term coined by Amartya Sen torepresent the nature of the growth of Indianeconomy at a round 3.5 percent per annumd) Is the term coined by V.K.R.V. Rao todecide the na ture of the growth of the Indian, economy at around 4 percent

,. , 1 15. Economic develop ment with unlimitedsupplies of labour is a model ofdevelopment enu nciated bya) A.O. Hirschm anb) W.W. Rostowc) W .A. Lewisd) Halis Chenery116.According to Simon Kuznets, duringprocess of development, the incomeInequalities e nd toa) Decreaseb) Increasec) Decrease first and then increased) Increase first and then decrease117. The expected monetary va lue criterion isused for decision-making under situations ofa) Riskb) Uncertaintyc) Certaintyd) Both risk and uncertainty118. The inflationary gap m easuresa) The difference between the expected andactual rates of inflationb) The excess of aggregate demand over thefull-employment leve lc) The increase in gap between the rich andthe poo r as a result of Inflationd) All of the above119. How many "ridge lines" can be drawn in aparticular isoquant-map?a) Oneb) Twoc) Equal of the num ber of isoquantsd) lnf~nite120.ln his revised demand theory, Hicksassumes the consumer's preferences tohavea) Strong orderingb) Weak orderingc) Indifference relationsd) None of the above

121. When we change the Cj coefficients in theobjective function of a Linear Programmingproblem then i t is calleda) Capital variqble programmingb) Resource Varlabie program mingc) Price variable program mingd) Input-outpu t variable program ming122. Equilibrium Occurs in a two-sector mode lwhena) Saving equals investmentb) Consumption plus investment equals thevalue of outputc) Planned saving equals planned investmentd) Aggregate spending equals the revenues ofthe busldess sector

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123. The line joining points of consumerequilibrium resulting when only theconsum er's income is varied is calied thea) Demand curve +-b) Income-consumption curvec) Enge i curve,d) Price-consumption, urve124. In Keynesian theory, investment demanddependsupona) Margina l efficiency of capitalb) The rate of interestc) Both a) and b)d) None of the above,125. The feasible region of a linear programmingproblem isa) A concave setb) A convex setC) A null setd) None of the above126. The integral of 1 isa) Zerob) xc) l + xd) I-x127. In computing the mean of 1000 numbers, anumber is wrongly written as 14 instead ofits true value 41. T he correct meana) is 0.027 more than the wrong meanb) is 0.27 more than the wrong meanc) is 0.0027 more than the wrong meand) Cannot be calculated on the basis of theinformation provided128. Risk can be measured in terms ofa) Standard deviationb) Modec) Meand) Correlation coefficient -


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Subject : hD -Agricultural Economics - 2011129. Full employment without inflation can exist ifaggregate demand isa) Less than actual GNPb) Equal to actual GNPC) Less than potentia l GNPd) Equal to potential GNP130. According to permanent income hypothesis,ail increases ina) Permanent income are saved ,b) Permanent income are consumed:C) Transitory income are savedd) Transitory income are consum edM a t c h i n g t y p e q u e s t i o n s (N o. 131 to 140);all questions c a r r y e q u a l m a r ks . C h o o s ethe correct a n s w e r (a , b, c, d or e) foreachsub-question (i, ij, iii,vand andenter your choice in t h e circle ( b ys h a d i n g with a p e n c i l ) on the OMR -answer sheet as per the instructionsg i v e n on t h e a n s w e r s he et.131.i) Heteroscedasticity a) The value o f explanatoryvariables includemeasurement errorii) Multicollinearity b) Inclusion or exclusion ofrelevant explanatoryvariab!es in the model 'iii) Autocorreiation c) Variance of the errorterm changes with thevalue of explanatory

variables !iv) Errors in variables d) Explanatory variablesare highly correlatedv) Specification error e) Error terms of differenttime periods arecorrelated132.i) Principle of variable a) Recovery of flxed costproportionsii) Principle o f AX+ - P2b)opportunity cost AX2 PIiii) Principle o f c) --VP, -----VP2 Isubstitution between PI p 2inputsiv) Time comparison d) MC = MRprinciplev) Break even point e) Net present value

133. Match the term w ith the person who firstpropouncjed or closely associatedi) 1Jnlimited supplies of labo ur a) Harris Todaroii) M igration an il unemployment b) Arthur Lewislii) Critical minimum effort theory c) Ro sensteinRodaniv) Big push mo del d) Leibensteinv) Spread effect e) Myrdal134. Match the term with its appropriatedefinitioni) Luxury goods a) Goods for which the incomeelasticity of dem and isnegativeii) Norm al goods b) Goods for which the crossprice elasticity of demand isnegativeiii) Inferior goods c) Goods for which the incomeelasticity of dem and ispositive and greater than

one 'iv) Complemen tary d) Goods for which the incomegoods elasticity of demand ispositivev) Substitute goods e) Good s for which the crossprice elasticity of dernand ispositive and greater thanone !?135.i) if e,=O, the demand is a) ~ l i s t i cii) i f e,=l, the demand is b) Inelastic !iii) If e,=&, the demand is c) Perfectly elasticiv) If O


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Subject : IID - Agricultural Economics - 2011138.i) Factor-product , . a) Factors substitutionrelationshipii) Factor-factor b) Physical input-outputrelationship relationship iiii) Product-product c) Production possibility

relationship curveiv) Constraint relationship d) La grangian multiplierv) Profit maxim isation e) Expansion path :condition3 i . m .

139.i) General Theory of , a) W .A. LewisEmployment, Interest andMoneyii) Wealth of Nations b) G.K. Myrdaliii) p a s Capital c) J.M. Keynesiv) Asian Drama d) Karl Marxv) Theory of Economic Growth e) Adam Smith

140.I) is' Five Year Plan a) Achievement of self-mainly aim& at reliance and growth withstabilityii) llnd ive Year Plan b) Generating employmentmainly aimed a t and e radication of

poverty, . . , ,,iii) I V ' ~ i v eear Plan c) Achteving agriculturalmainly aimed at development and solvingfood crisisiv) v ' ~ i v eear Plan d) Rapid industrializat~onmainly aimed atV) xthFive Yehr Plan e) Achievement of MNPmainly aimed a t and vigorous export' proinotion


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Subject : Ph D -Agricultural Economics - 2011 12Short questions (No. 141 to 146); each question carries FIVE marks. Write answ ers,lncludlng computation Imathem atical calculations if any, in the space provided foreach question on the question paper itself.

141.What is meant by autocorrelat~on?Why is autocorrelation a problem?

142. Explain the relationship between elasticity of demand and the Keynesian concept of propensity toconsume.


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Subject : Ph D -Agricultural Economics - 2011143. Expla in the essential con ditions for price discrimination

144. What are different methods of measurlng Gross National Product (GNP)? Also mention the majorconceptual problems in the e stimation of GNP.


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Subject :PhD - Agricultural Economics - 2011 14145. The perfectly competitive firm exhibits resource allocation eff~ciency P=M C) and a single pricemonopolist does not. What Is the reason for this difference?

146. Explain the Cob-Web phenomenon in prices of agricultural goods.

IARI PhD Entrance Question Paper 2011 - Agril Economics

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Transcript of IARI PhD Entrance Question Paper 2011 - Agril Economics