IA LAB
2
1. Unfold a paperclip to make a holder. It should look like a letter "Z" w ith a tail on the end. 2. Measure and cut a 1 1 /2-in. piece of cotton cordage. Poke one end of the paperclip, leng thwise, through the cotton. 3. Measure 100 milliliters (mL) of water in the liquid measuring cup and pour it into the empty and cl ean soda ca n. 4. Place the open end of the Styrofoam cup over the top of the s oda can. Po ke a hole the same d iameter as the thermometer in the top of the cup over the opening in the soda can. Insert the thermometer t hrough the Styrofoam cup and into the soda can. The thermometer should sit in the water, but should not touch the sides of the can. Most lab thermometers come with a plastic fitting that slides over t he body of the thermometer. Use this plastic fitting to keep the thermometer from sliding and touching the side of t he can. 5. Now set up the ring stand. Set the ring stand i n a well-ven tilated area an d on a n on-flammable surface. There will be small fla mes and smoke produced during the following steps. Make sure that there are no flammable or combustible items nearby. Slide the smallest ring onto the stand's post; do not tighten it yet. 6. Suck some vegetable oil into the droppe r. Squeeze 35 drops onto the cotton cording o n the paperc lip. Take y our time and make sure that all of the oil soaks into the cotton. 7. Place the moistened cotton and paperclip on the base of the ring stand, directly under the rin g. The cotton should be 2 in. from the plane of the ring and positioned so it is vertical to the ring stand base. Tighten the ring to the post. 8. Place the soda can a nd thermometer contraptio n so it is resting o n top of the ring. If the soda can falls through the ring, wrap some aluminum foil around the ring to reduce its diameter. Make sure that the can sits securely on the ring. 9. Take a thermometer reading of the initial temperature of the w ater. Note this reading in your lab no tebook in a data table, like the one shown below. Oil Trial Initial Water Temperature Final Water Temperature Percentage Change Start Time End Time Time that the Cotton Stayed Lit Observations 10. Now light the cotton us ing the fireplace lighter. Caution: Have an adult help you perform this step. Make sure to have an open box of baking soda nearby. Baking soda can extinguish grease fires safely if you completely cover the grease fire with the baking soda. a. Make sure that you get a flame going . This may require that you light the cotton from a couple of different sides. b. Observe how easy or difficult it was to light the cotton. Note this observation in your data table. 11. Start the stopwatch when the cotton lights. Caution: Keep away from the smoke, as it can have an unpleasant and irritating odor. 12. Stop the stopwatch when the flame g oes out. Read the tempe rature on the thermometer. Watch it for a few minutes to make sure that it doesn't change. Once the temperature stops changing, record the value in your lab notebook. 13. Gently blow out the glowing, hot cotton. Don't blow too hard or the ash w ill blow all over and make a mess. Use some moi stened paper towels to clean up the ash and the residual cotton from the paperclip. Carefully remove the thermometer f rom the can. Pour the water from the can into the sink. Rinse off the outside of t he can. Be careful, because the soot on the outside of t he stand can stain your hands and clothes. Clean everything with the paper towels. Open nearby windows to drive any remaining smoke out of the room. Using a fan will help. 14. Repeat step 2 and steps 6 –13, using vegetable oil, two additional times. Refill the can each time with fresh, cool water. The water should be approximately the same starting temperature (give or take 2 degrees) each time. Record all data in the data table in your lab notebook. 15. Repeat step 2 and steps 6 –13, using motor oil, three times. Refill the can each time with fresh, cool water. The water should be approximately the same starting temperature (give or take 2 degrees) each time. Caution: The motor oil smoke can be especially unpleasant and irritating, so make sure you stay away from the path of the smoke. Record all data in your lab notebook. 16. Analyze your data. Calculate the p ercent change between the initial water te mperature and the final water te mperature. Equation 1 show s how to calculate the percent change between the initial temperature and the final temperature.
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Transcript of IA LAB
1. Unfold a paperclip to make a holder. It should look like a letter "Z" with a tail on the end.
2. Measure and cut a 1 1/2-in. piece of cotton cordage. Poke one end of the paperclip, lengthwise, through the cotton.
3. Measure 100 milliliters (mL) of water in the liquid measuring cup and pour it into the empty and clean soda can.
4. Place the open end of the Styrofoam cup over the top of the soda can. Poke a hole the same diameter as the thermometer in the top of the
cup over the opening in the soda can. Insert the thermometer through the Styrofoam cup and into the soda can. The thermometer should sit
in the water, but should not touch the sides of the can. Most lab thermometers come with a plastic fitting that slides over t he body of the
thermometer. Use this plastic fitting to keep the thermometer from sliding and touching the side of the can.
5. Now set up the ring stand. Set the ring stand in a well-ventilated area and on a non-flammable surface. There will be small flames and
smoke produced during the following steps. Make sure that there are no flammable or combustible items nearby. Slide the smallest ring
onto the stand's post; do not tighten it yet.
6. Suck some vegetable oil into the dropper. Squeeze 35 drops onto the cotton cording on the paperclip. Take your time and make sure that
all of the oil soaks into the cotton.
7. Place the moistened cotton and paperclip on the base of the ring stand, directly under the ring. The cotton should be 2 in. from the plane of
the ring and positioned so it is vertical to the ring stand base. Tighten the ring to the post.
8. Place the soda can and thermometer contraption so it is resting on top of the ring. If the soda can falls through the ring, wrap some
aluminum foil around the ring to reduce its diameter. Make sure that the can sits securely on the ring.
9. Take a thermometer reading of the initial temperature of the water. Note this reading in your lab notebook in a data table, like the one
shown below.
Oil Trial Initial WaterTemperature
Final WaterTemperature
PercentageChange
StartTime
EndTime
Time that the Cotton StayedLit
Observations
10. Now light the cotton using the fireplace lighter. Caution: Have an adult help you perform this step. Make sure to have an open box of
baking soda nearby. Baking soda can extinguish grease fires safely if you completely cover the grease fire with the baking soda.
a. Make sure that you get a flame going. This may require that you light the cotton from a couple of different sides.
b. Observe how easy or difficult it was to light the cotton. Note this observation in your data table.
11. Start the stopwatch when the cotton lights.Caution: Keep away from the smoke, as it can have an unpleasant and irritating odor.
12. Stop the stopwatch when the flame goes out. Read the temperature on the thermometer. Watch it for a few minutes to make sure that it
doesn't change. Once the temperature stops changing, record the value in your lab notebook.
13. Gently blow out the glowing, hot cotton. Don't blow too hard or the ash will blow all over and make a mess. Use some moistened paper
towels to clean up the ash and the residual cotton from the paperclip. Carefully remove the thermometer f rom the can. Pour the water from
the can into the sink. Rinse off the outside of the can. Be careful, because the soot on the outside of the stand can stain your hands and
clothes. Clean everything with the paper towels. Open nearby windows to drive any remaining smoke out of the room. Using a fan will help.
14. Repeat step 2 and steps 6 –13, using vegetable oil, two additional times. Refill the can each time with fresh, cool water. The water should
be approximately the same starting temperature (give or take 2 degrees) each time. Record all data in the data table in your lab notebook.
15. Repeat step 2 and steps 6 –13, using motor oil, three times. Refill the can each time with fresh, cool water. The water should be
approximately the same starting temperature (give or take 2 degrees) each time.Caution: The motor oil smoke can be especially
unpleasant and irritating, so make sure you stay away from the path of the smoke. Record all data in your lab notebook.
16. Analyze your data. Calculate the percent change between the initial water temperature and the final water temperature. Equation 1 shows
how to calculate the percent change between the initial temperature and the final temperature.
