I, Wyoming Department of Transportation · Crash Data 2004 to June 2007 1,787 crashes reported 814...

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Jenna Buddemeyer Engineer I, Wyoming Department of Transportation Engineer I, Wyoming Department of Transportation Rhonda Young Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil & Arch. Engineering, Univ. of Wyoming

Transcript of I, Wyoming Department of Transportation · Crash Data 2004 to June 2007 1,787 crashes reported 814...

Page 1: I, Wyoming Department of Transportation · Crash Data 2004 to June 2007 1,787 crashes reported 814 included heavy vehicles Reported Crashes by Milepost 40 45 (2004‐June 2007) 20

Jenna BuddemeyerEngineer I, Wyoming Department of TransportationEngineer I, Wyoming Department of Transportation

Rhonda YoungAssociate Professor, Dept. of Civil & Arch. Engineering, Univ. of Wyoming

Page 2: I, Wyoming Department of Transportation · Crash Data 2004 to June 2007 1,787 crashes reported 814 included heavy vehicles Reported Crashes by Milepost 40 45 (2004‐June 2007) 20

Introduction Wyoming weatherWyoming weather

Unpredictable Severe

Safety problems Speed variations

R d  l Road closures Inconvenient Economic cumulative impactp

$8‐12 million in delay costs Without VSL, driver’s responsibility to pick a speed safe for conditionsspeed safe for conditions

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Variable Speed Limits Variable speed limits (VSL)  Variable speed limits (VSL) 

Shown promise for improving safety on roadways subject to adverse conditions

VSLs change advisory or enforceable speed limits  Weather Traffic volumes IncidentsR d   i Roadway construction

Reduce speed variation 

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j idProject corridor

20 VSL signs in 10 locations•5 EB, 5 WB

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Project corridor 52 miles from milepost 290.44 (Quealy Dome Interchange) to 238.15 (Peterson Interchange)

2005 AADT 10 800  2005 AADT 10,800  60% of traffic on I‐80 is heavy trucks Frequent adverse weather conditionseque t adve se weat e co d t o s

Blowing Snow Heavy snow High winds Ice

Seasonal Speed Limit from October 15‐April 15 Seasonal Speed Limit from October 15‐April 15

Page 6: I, Wyoming Department of Transportation · Crash Data 2004 to June 2007 1,787 crashes reported 814 included heavy vehicles Reported Crashes by Milepost 40 45 (2004‐June 2007) 20

Existing ITSPre‐trip Website

Enroute Two Dynamic Message Si  (MP  6   ) Cameras

Conditions

Signs (MP 234.6, 311.1) Road Weather Information System  511

Driver chooses route of travel

Information System (RWIS) MP 272

travel Forecast for next 6 hours

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I ll d f VSL SInstalled for VSL System Ten speed sensors e speed se so s

Six communicate with WYDOT Four had to be manually downloaded

Variable Speed Limit Signs Installed in pairs Speeds: 75, 65, 60, 55, 50, 45, 40, and 35

Signs Signs Portable DMS Speed Radar Signs Speed Radar Signs

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R d lRoad closures Problems

d d Wind Speeds Weather Related

Snow  Ice  Limited Visibility  and Blowing Snow Snow, Ice, Limited Visibility, and Blowing Snow

29 Road Closures from September 2007 to May 2008May 2008

sure

s

Corridor Closures by Direction

(Sept. 2007‐May 2008)

0

10

20

Num

ber of Clos

both EB WB

Direction

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Road ClosuresReason for closures Closure duration

Cause for Road Closure 8‐hr closure has estimated i   f  8   illi  

12

14

16

s

impact of $8‐12 million dollars

Maximum duration 

6

8

10

12

mbe

r of Closu

res

22 hrs and 54 minutes Average duration       

8 hours and 24 minutes

0

2

4

weather accident both

Num 8 hours and 24 minutes

VSLs allow roads to remain open

weather accident both

Cause for Closure

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Crash DataCrash Data 2004 to June 2007

1,787 crashes reported 814 included heavy vehicles

Reported Crashes by Milepost

40

45

(2004‐June 2007)

20

25

30

35

Freq

uency

5

10

15

20

Crash 

0

5

250 252 254 256 258 260 262 264 266 268 270 272 274 276 278 280 282 284 286 288 290 292 294 296 298 300

Mile Segment Ending Milepost

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Current VSL Protocol Used until Decision Support System completed

Wyoming Highway Patrol (WHP) Wyoming Highway Patrol (WHP) Initiate speed limit reduction based on visual inspection of conditions.

M i  F Maintenance Foreman May lower speed limit based on conditions if a WHP is not on duty.

Traffic Management Center May lower the speed limit if average vehicle speeds drop 15 mph and no one else on corridor to confirm conditions.p

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ll dData collected Speed Sensor data Speed Sensor data

10 speed sensors Two sets of dataTwo sets of data

75 mph data set‐ September 1‐30, 2008 65 mph data set‐ October 22‐November 19, 2008 

Not all ten speed sensors worked properly during this phase 6 during 75 mph data set worked 7 during 65 mph data set worked

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D t ll t dData collected RWIS – collected every 5 minutes

SfStatus – status of the surface (dry, wet, ice warning, etc)

SfTemp current surface temperature SfTemp – current surface temperature AirTemp – current air temperature RH – relative humidity – percent of moisture in airRH  relative humidity  percent of moisture in air Dewpoint – temperature at which air becomes saturated

AvgWindSpeed – average wind speed GustWindSpeed – maximum wind speedWi d Di i Wind Direction

Visibility (became available in October data set)

Page 14: I, Wyoming Department of Transportation · Crash Data 2004 to June 2007 1,787 crashes reported 814 included heavy vehicles Reported Crashes by Milepost 40 45 (2004‐June 2007) 20

Baseline speeds Baseline speeds give insight into how drivers travel during f bl   di ifavorable conditions.

Used “Ideal Data” to find baseline speeds No moisture on road Gust Wind speeds<45 mph Visibility >500 ft

Two Data Sets September 1‐30, 2008,‐12 days of ideal data October 22‐November 19, 2008‐7 days of ideal data

Analysis completed on:Analysis completed on: Direction (Eastbound/Westbound) Lane of travel Time of Day Time of Day By Sensor

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Baseline speeds 75 mph data set‐ Breakdown by directionDirection Ave, 50 Ave, 85 Med, 50 Med, 85 Stdev, 50 Stdev, 85

EB 72.5 79.0 73.0 77.6 6.8 6.8

WB 73.1 78.0 74.0 79.0 10.0 10.3

65 mph data‐ Breakdown by direction

Direction Ave,  Ave,  Med, 50 Med, 85 Stdev,  Stdev, 85,50

,85

, 5 , 5 ,50

, 5

EB 68.5 71.7 68.0 71.0 6.2 6.5

WB 68.7 72.3 69.0 73 7.5 7.5WB 68.7 72.3 69.0 73 7.5 7.5

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Comparison/Conclusion Speed variation reduced from 75 mph to 65 mph data sets.  

S l  d li i   d d  h   d  i i   Seasonal speed limit reduced the speed variation  65 mph data set‐ Average and 85th percentile speeds were much higher than the posted speed than 75 mph were much higher than the posted speed than 75 mph data set Drivers were more disobedient of the seasonal speed plimit when conditions were “ideal”

Baseline speeds will likely become a modeling variable d i  Ph  IIduring Phase II

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RWIS Variables and Speed Analysis Purpose of task to determine RWIS variables impacting driver’s speeds

Storm eventsS lit d t  i t  f   t Split data into four events

Had both “ideal” and “non‐ideal” days Two events for each data set Two events for each data set

Page 18: I, Wyoming Department of Transportation · Crash Data 2004 to June 2007 1,787 crashes reported 814 included heavy vehicles Reported Crashes by Milepost 40 45 (2004‐June 2007) 20

Storms 1 and 2 Storm 1 Storm 2Storm 1 Storm 2

Final Model Final Model

Variable Coefficient p‐value Coefficient p‐value

Intercept 80.57061 <0.0001 50.08072 <0.0001p

SfStatus 1.54445 <0.0001 1.45216 <0.0001

SfTemp 0.03795 <0.0001 0.03795 <0.0001

SubTemp ‐0.07723 0.0045 0.41564 0.0045

GustWindSpeed ‐0.03269 <0.0001 ‐0.03085 <0.0001

Dewpoint ‐0.02825 0.0003 ‐0.2484 0.0003

Day_Night 1.86134 <0.0001 1.52422 <0.0001

RH

AirTemp

AvgWindSpeed

Wind Direction

Page 19: I, Wyoming Department of Transportation · Crash Data 2004 to June 2007 1,787 crashes reported 814 included heavy vehicles Reported Crashes by Milepost 40 45 (2004‐June 2007) 20

Storms 3 and 4Storms 3 and 4Storm 3 Storm 4

Final Model Final ModelVariable Coefficient p‐value Coefficient p‐valueIntercept 65.05848 <0.0001 62.13351 <0.0001Day_Night 0.978487 <0.0001 2.74181 <0.0001SubTemp 0.18882 <0.0001 0.30562 <0.0001

RH 0.06066 <0.0001 ‐0.1349 <0.0001Vis1 ‐0.00006154 <0.0001 0.00004437 <0.0001

AvgWindSpeed ‐0.05198 <0.0001SfTemp 0.8418 <0.0001

Dewpoint ‐0.11886 <0.0001Ai T 8AirTemp ‐0.08932 <0.0001

W ‐15.80441 <0.0001SW ‐20.10388 <0.0001S 0 43225 <0 0001S 0.43225 <0.0001

GustWindSpeedSfStatus

Page 20: I, Wyoming Department of Transportation · Crash Data 2004 to June 2007 1,787 crashes reported 814 included heavy vehicles Reported Crashes by Milepost 40 45 (2004‐June 2007) 20

Conclusions/Recommendations Each storm event similar but with slightly different results

Run analysis on larger data sets with multiple storm events to resolve discrepanciesresolve discrepancies.

Significant Variables Day_Nighty g SfStatus Wind SpeedVi ibili Visibility

Purpose of initial modeling allows some variables to be removed from larger datasets being compiled for Phase II.g g p

Page 21: I, Wyoming Department of Transportation · Crash Data 2004 to June 2007 1,787 crashes reported 814 included heavy vehicles Reported Crashes by Milepost 40 45 (2004‐June 2007) 20

VSL Use

Page 22: I, Wyoming Department of Transportation · Crash Data 2004 to June 2007 1,787 crashes reported 814 included heavy vehicles Reported Crashes by Milepost 40 45 (2004‐June 2007) 20

VSL Use

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VSL Use

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VSL Sign Significance Task: Determine whether VSL signs impact vehicle speedsD   i d Data period VSL signs installed and operational Feb. 13, 2009 Preliminary analysis from Feb  17  2009 to March 17   Preliminary analysis from Feb. 17, 2009 to March 17, 2009

Preliminary Resultsy

0.47 to a 0.74 mph speed reduction observed for every mph of speed reduction posted in the VSLy p p p

Page 25: I, Wyoming Department of Transportation · Crash Data 2004 to June 2007 1,787 crashes reported 814 included heavy vehicles Reported Crashes by Milepost 40 45 (2004‐June 2007) 20

Future work Analyses with larger more comprehensive data sets.

Precipitation Rate and Visibility for all data Multiple storm events at a time

N   d    f New speed sensor software Look at getting individual speeds to analyze truck and passenger car datapassenger car data

Page 26: I, Wyoming Department of Transportation · Crash Data 2004 to June 2007 1,787 crashes reported 814 included heavy vehicles Reported Crashes by Milepost 40 45 (2004‐June 2007) 20

QUESTIONSQUESTIONSJenna BuddemeyerJ y

Engineer I, [email protected] 

Rhonda YoungAssociate Professor, Dept. of Civil & Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil & Arch. Engineering, Univ. of Wyoming

(307) 766‐[email protected] [email protected]