I. Waves & Particles (p. 97-100) Ch. 4 - Electrons in Atoms.
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Transcript of I. Waves & Particles (p. 97-100) Ch. 4 - Electrons in Atoms.
![Page 1: I. Waves & Particles (p. 97-100) Ch. 4 - Electrons in Atoms.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f355503460f94c537f7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
I. Waves & Particles(p. 97-100)
Ch. 4 - Electrons in Atoms
![Page 2: I. Waves & Particles (p. 97-100) Ch. 4 - Electrons in Atoms.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f355503460f94c537f7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
A. Waves
Wavelength () - length of one complete wave
Frequency () - # of waves that pass a point during a certain time period hertz (Hz) = 1/s
Amplitude (A) - distance from the origin to the trough or crest
![Page 3: I. Waves & Particles (p. 97-100) Ch. 4 - Electrons in Atoms.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f355503460f94c537f7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
A. Waves
Agreater
amplitude
(intensity)
greater frequency
(color)
crest
origin
trough
A
![Page 4: I. Waves & Particles (p. 97-100) Ch. 4 - Electrons in Atoms.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f355503460f94c537f7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
B. EM Spectrum
LOW
ENERGY
HIGH
ENERGY
![Page 5: I. Waves & Particles (p. 97-100) Ch. 4 - Electrons in Atoms.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f355503460f94c537f7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
B. EM Spectrum
LOW
ENERGY
HIGH
ENERGY
R O Y G. B I V
red orange yellow green blue indigo violet
![Page 6: I. Waves & Particles (p. 97-100) Ch. 4 - Electrons in Atoms.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f355503460f94c537f7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
B. EM Spectrum
Frequency & wavelength are inversely proportional
c = c: speed of light (3.00 108 m/s): wavelength (m, nm, etc.): frequency (Hz)
![Page 7: I. Waves & Particles (p. 97-100) Ch. 4 - Electrons in Atoms.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f355503460f94c537f7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
B. EM Spectrum
GIVEN:
= ?
= 434 nm = 4.34 10-7 m
c = 3.00 108 m/s
WORK: = c
= 3.00 108 m/s 4.34 10-7 m
= 6.91 1014 Hz
EX: Find the frequency of a photon with a wavelength of 434 nm.
![Page 8: I. Waves & Particles (p. 97-100) Ch. 4 - Electrons in Atoms.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f355503460f94c537f7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
C. Quantum Theory
Planck (1900)
Observed - emission of light from hot objects
Concluded - energy is emitted in small, specific amounts (quanta)
Quantum - minimum amount of energy change
![Page 9: I. Waves & Particles (p. 97-100) Ch. 4 - Electrons in Atoms.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f355503460f94c537f7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
C. Quantum Theory
Planck (1900)
vs.
Classical Theory Quantum Theory
![Page 10: I. Waves & Particles (p. 97-100) Ch. 4 - Electrons in Atoms.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f355503460f94c537f7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
C. Quantum Theory
Einstein (1905)
Observed - photoelectric effect
![Page 11: I. Waves & Particles (p. 97-100) Ch. 4 - Electrons in Atoms.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f355503460f94c537f7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
C. Quantum Theory
Einstein (1905)
Concluded - light has properties of both waves and particles
“wave-particle duality”
Photon - particle of light that carries a quantum of energy
![Page 12: I. Waves & Particles (p. 97-100) Ch. 4 - Electrons in Atoms.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f355503460f94c537f7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
C. Quantum Theory
E: energy (J, joules)h: Planck’s constant (6.6262 10-34 J·s): frequency (Hz)
E = h
The energy of a photon is proportional to its frequency.
![Page 13: I. Waves & Particles (p. 97-100) Ch. 4 - Electrons in Atoms.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f355503460f94c537f7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
C. Quantum Theory
GIVEN:
E = ? = 4.57 1014 Hzh = 6.6262 10-34 J·s
WORK:
E = h
E = (6.6262 10-34 J·s)(4.57 1014 Hz)
E = 3.03 10-19 J
EX: Find the energy of a red photon with a frequency of 4.57 1014 Hz.