I. The Kingdom Protista
description
Transcript of I. The Kingdom Protista
![Page 1: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
I. The Kingdom Protista
A. What is a Protist?
1. Any eukaryote that is not an animal, plant, or fungus
a. Eukaryote – any unicellular or multicellular organism that has a nucleus and other organelles within its cell or cells
2. Most unicellular, some multicellular.
![Page 2: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
II. Protists were the first eukaryotic organisms to evolve on Earth
A. Lynn Margulis- hypothesized first eukaryotic cell formed by a close relationship among several prokaryotes
B. Many scientists agree that animals and plants evolved from protists.
![Page 3: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
www.sirinet.net
![Page 4: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
III. Classification of Protists
A. Classified by how they obtain food. Include: Animal-like, Plant-like, and Fungus-like protists
![Page 5: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
IV. Protozoans- animal-like protists (Consumers) obtain food from environment (they eat).
• Ex: Paramecium and Amoeba
![Page 6: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Section 20-2
Figure 20-5 A Ciliate
Go to Section:
Lysosomes - digestion
Trichosysts - protection
Oral groove -mouth
Gullet - stomach
Anal Pore – waste removal
Cilia -movement
Food Vacuoles – Store food
Macronucleus – Daily functions
Contractile Vacuole – water removal
Micronucleus –Back up memory
![Page 7: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Food vacuole
Nucleus
Contractile vacuole
Section 20-2
An Amoeba
Go to Section:
Pseudopods
![Page 9: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
www.sirinet.net
![Page 10: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
B. Importance of Protozoa (Animal-like protists)1. Cause many human diseases like African
sleeping sickness and amoebic dysentery (diarrhea)
![Page 11: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Blood culture of Trypanosoma – causes African
Sleeping Sickness
Image contributed by Pr. J. Le Bras, Hôpital Bichat
Fever, chills, neurological problems, coma, death
![Page 12: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
V. Slime molds and Water molds- fungus-like protists are consumers that obtain food by external digestion (this is weird). Act like fungus, but cell structure is like protists, no chitin in cell walls
![Page 13: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
A. Importance of Fungus-Like Protists
- Slime molds- important decomposers in forests and swamps
- Water molds – decomposers in water, parasites on land.
1. Water mold Phytophthora infestans caused the Great Potato Famine in Ireland in 1845.
![Page 14: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
http://www.sharnoffphotos.com/myxos1.html
![Page 15: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
VI. Algae- plant-like protists (producers) use sunlight to make food through the process of photosynthesis.
• Ex: Unicellular Algae and Multicellular Algae
![Page 16: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Gullet
Chloroplast
NucleusEyespot-Detects light
Flagella-movement
Section 20-3
Euglena
Carbohydrate storage bodies
Pellicle - protection
Contractile vacuole –water removal
Go to Section:
![Page 19: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
B. Importance of Algae (plant-like protists)
1. Unicellular Algae – all contain some type of chlorophyll, most contain accessory pigments used for photosynthesis.
• Form the base of food chains in oceans as phytoplankton
• Carry out the majority of earth’s photosynthesis – produce most of Earth’s oxygen
![Page 22: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
2. Algal blooms- huge masses of algae quickly deplete nutrients in water; algal cells quickly die in great numbers; their decay depletes the supply of oxygen in water; kills fish and invertebrates
A. Red tides- blooms of algae that produce a potentially dangerous toxin- shellfish can become full of the toxin- if eaten can cause serious illness, paralysis, even death
![Page 23: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Algal Blooms
![Page 24: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Red Tides
![Page 25: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
C. Importance of Multi-cellular Algae1. Food source for many sea animals.2. Home or refuge for many sea animals
(kelp forests and Sargasso sea).3. Produce much of earth’s oxygen.
![Page 26: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
B. Human uses
1. Source of vitamin C and Iron.
![Page 27: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
B. Human uses
1. Source of vitamin C and Iron.
2. Wrap for sushi.
![Page 28: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
B. Human uses1. Source of vitamin C and Iron.2. Wrap for sushi.3. Additive for ice cream, pudding, candy
bars.4. Chemicals from Algae used in plastics,
waxes, deodorants, paints and lubricants.5. Some chemicals extracted from algae
used to treat ulcers, high blood pressure, etc.
![Page 30: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Section 20-1
are classified as
and include
usewhich which
Protists
Go to Section:
s
called called
animalike plantlike Funguslike
protozoa algaeSlim moldsWater molds
Take in food from environment
Produce food by photosynthesis External digestion
Decomposers parasites
called
![Page 31: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
: bioweb.uwlax.edu
![Page 34: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
White Cliffs of Dover
![Page 35: I. The Kingdom Protista](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062309/568151f3550346895dc02c0e/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
www.calstatela.edu