I r P u D H ENHANCING INDONESIAN FISH PRODUCTION...
Transcript of I r P u D H ENHANCING INDONESIAN FISH PRODUCTION...
Jointly Publication of:
RCMFSE IMFISERN UNHAS
ENHANCING INDONESIAN FISH PRODUCTION AND COMPETITIVENESS
IN INTERNATIONAL MARKET
Editors :Dr. Hendra Yusran Siry
Dr. Asmi Citra Malina Dr. Agus Heri Purnomo
Ir. Pujoyuwono M.ScDr. Luky AdriantoDr. Sutinah Made
Dr. Harsuko Riniwati
ISBN: 97-979-3893-24-2
Edito
rs :D
r. He
nd
ra Yu
sran
Siry, Dr. A
smi C
itra M
aln
a, D
r. Agu
s He
ri Pu
rno
mo
, Ir. P
ujo
yuw
on
o M
.ScDr. Lu
ky A
dria
nto
, Dr. Su
tina
h M
ad
e d
an
Dr. H
arsu
ko R
iniw
ati
2011
EN
HA
NC
ING
IND
ON
ESIAN
FISH P
RO
DU
CT
ION
AN
D C
OM
PE
TIT
IVE
NESS
IN IN
TE
RN
AT
ION
AL M
AR
KE
T
Indonesia fisheries development contains challenges to accelerate the efforts to the
trends and emerging requirements that concerns on quality and environmental
sustainability as well as certifying fair trade standards and social and labor related
standards. Apart of reuired several improvements, it needs several alternative and
creative ways to improve competitiveness of Indonesian fisheries products.
This book is a complication of research paper presented at the International Seminar
on Indonesian Fisheries Development: Enhancing Fish Production and Competitiveness in
International Market. It addresses major themes related to fisheries production and
competitiveness. It examines meticulously Indonesian fisheries development empirically
in the context to enhance its fish production and competitiveness in international market.
This book intends to serves as a reference for those who wish to research further on
respective topics, besides acting as wake-up call on the importance of finding ways for
Indonesian fisheries in competitive market. Contents of this book are relevant to the
current initiative of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF) as the one of
major producers in fisheries and marine products by 2015.
Research Center for Marine and Fisheries Socio EconomicsJl. KS Tubun Petamburan VI Jakarta PusatPhone : 021-53650162 Fax : 021-53650159Web : www.bbrse.kkp.go.id www.bbrse.netEmail : [email protected] [email protected]
Indonesian Marine and Fisheries Socio-Economcs Research Networkc/o Jl. KS Tubun Petamburan VI Jakarta PusatPhone : 021-53650162 Fax : 021-53650159Web : http://imfisern.wordpress.com/
Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Hasanuddin UniversityJL. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10, Kampus Tamalanrea, Makasar 90245. IndonesiaPhone : 021-53650162 Fax : 021-53650159Web : www.fikp.unhas.ac.id
based on papers presented at the International Seminar on Indonesian Fisheries Development 2010
Makassar, 22 November 2010
ISBN :
ENHANCING INDONESIAN FISH PRODUCTION AND
COMPETITIVENESS IN INTERNATIONAL MARKET based on papers presented at the International Seminar on Indonesian Fisheries Development 2010 at Hassanudin University, Makassar, 22 November 2010
:
Copy-editor
97-979-3893-24-2
Editors
Dr. Hendra Yusran Siry
Dr. Asmi Citra Malina
Dr. Agus Heri Purnomo
Ir. Pujoyuwono M.Sc
Dr. Luky Adrianto
Dr. Sutinah Made
Dr. Harsuko Riniwati
:
Nurhendra
Design and layout :
Ilham Ferbiansyah
Foto Cover : google
Research Center for Marine and Fisheries Socio EconomicsJl. K.S Tubun - Petmburan VI Jakarta PusatPhone : (021) 536 50162 - 53650475 - Fax : (021) 536 50159E-mail : [email protected] web : www.bbrse.kkp.go.id
Indonesian Marine and Fisheries Socio-Economcs Research Networkc/o Jl. K.S Tubun - Petmburan VI Jakarta PusatPhone : (021) 536 50162 - 53650475 - Fax : (021) 536 50159E-mail : [email protected] web : http://imfisern.wordpress.com/
Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Hasanuddin UniversityJL. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10, Kampus Tamalanrea, Makasar 90245. IndonesiaWeb : www.fikp.unhas.ac.id
Joint Publication by:
Citation :Siry, H.Y., A.S. Malna., A.H. Purnomo., Pujoyuwono., L. Adrianto., S. Made and H. Riniwati (eds). 2011.Enhancing Indonesian Fish Production and Competitiveness in International Market
, IMFISERN and Research Center for Marine and Fisheries Socio Economics Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Hasanuddin University
Enhancing Indonesian Fish Production and Competitiveness in International Market
I am pleased to be given this opportunity to say a few words on book of Indonesian Fisheries Development: Enhancing Fish Production and Competitiveness in International Market as a result of the international seminar that was conducted by the Research Center for Marine and Fisheries Socioeconomics (RCMFSE), Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF) in collaboration with Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Hasanuddin University in Makassar on 22 – 23 November 2010.
This book, a complication of research paper presented at the international seminar, addresses major themes related to fisheries production and competitiveness, which also happen to be the major research thrust of the Research Center for Marine and Fisheries Socioeconomics (RCMFSE), Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF). Topics on fish production, product value improvement and food policy are key research at RCMFSE and several universities that join in the Indonesian Marine and Fisheries Socio-Economics Research Network (IMFISERN) or locally known Jaringan Riset Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan.
This book also serves as a reference for those who wish to research further on respective topics, beside acting as wake-up call on the importance of finding ways for Indonesian fisheries in competitive market. I hope this book can be useful to formulate policies for Indonesian fisheries products.
Thank you.
Dr. ENHDAY KUSNENDAR
Chairman of the AMFRD
ADDRESSCHAIRMAN OF THE AGENCY FOR MARINE AND FISHERIES
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (AMFRD)MINISTRY OF MARINE AFFAIRS AND FISHERIES (MMAF)
viii
Enhancing Indonesian Fish Production and Competitiveness in International Market
This book has examined meticulously Indonesian fisheries development empirically in the context to enhance its fish production and competitiveness in international market. The contents of this book make it more relevant to the current initiative of the MMAF as the one of major producers in fisheries and marine products by 2015. Furthermore, documenting empirical research findings on fish production and competitiveness will keep this book relevant to the current challenges of the MMAF to pursuit its missions.
The alarming nature of fish production and competitiveness in international market has attracted more attention on this issue. Available information shows to be successful in international market, Indonesia has to have multi-faceted strategies to response and conduct precautionary approaches as well as market intelligence to unravel those shrouded obstacles factors on international market. This book is in response to such a need.
I would like to take this opportunity to thank to the Organizing Committee of the International Seminar on Indonesian Fisheries Development: Enhancing Fish Production and Competitiveness in International Market that was conducted at the Hasanuddin University Campus in Makassar on 22 – 23 November 2010. This international seminar is jointly organized by the Research Center for Marine and Fisheries Socioeconomics (RCMFSE), Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF), Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Hasanuddin University and the Indonesian Marine and Fisheries Socio-Economics Research Network (IMFISERN). A special congratulation also goes to the editors, contributors and other institutions for the success in bringing out the result of the international seminar.
Dr. AGUS HERI PURNOMO
Director, RCMFSE
FOREWORDDIRECTOR OF RESEARCH CENTER FOR MARINE AND FISHERIES
SOCIOECONOMICS (RCMFSE), AMFRDMINISTRY OF MARINE AFFAIRS AND FISHERIES (MMAF)
ix
iEnhancing Indonesian Fish Production and Competitiveness in International Market
PREFACE PAGE
Chairman of Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Development, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries viii
Director of Research Center for Marine and Fisheries Socio-economics
(RCMFSE) ix
NO PAGE
1 Toward More Competitive Of Indonesian Fisheries Production In International Market
by: Hendra Yusran Siry, Asmi Citra Malina, Pujoyuwono,
Agus Heri Purnomo, Luky Adrianto and Sutinah Made 1
2 Mariculture Development in Indonesia: Prospects and Constraints
by: Michael A. Rimmer 7
3 “Indonesian Shrimp Incorporated” Shrimp Producer as World
Number 1
by: Andi Tamsil and Iwan Sutanto 12
4 Adapting Extension Approaches to Aquaculture Environments in Indonesia: Lessons for Those Working in Fisheries
by: Joanne Millar, Mardiana E Fachry, Ageng S Herianto, Richard Callinan and Mike Rimmer 21
SOCIO-ECONOMICS
5 Efficiency and Economic Scale of Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) Culture Tech-nology in South of Sulawesi
by: Ali Musa Pasaribu and Aris Baso 31
6 Evaluation of Surplus Production Model for the Estimation of the Maximum Sustainable Yield to Support Management of Lemuru Fishery in the Bali Strait
by: Georgina M. Tinungki 39
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ii Enhancing Indonesian Fish Production and Competitiveness in International Market
7 Financial Analysis of Simple Technology Fisheries Processing on Panjang Baru Village, Pekalongan City, Province of Central Java
by: Freshty Yulia Arthatiani and Rismutia Hayu Deswati 50
8 Proscpects and Trade Potential of Marine Ornamentals in Indonesia
by: Mauli Kasmi and Sutinah Made 60
9 Allocative Efficiency of Milkfish Culture on Ujung Pangkah District, Gresik City, Province of East Java
by: Rismutia Hayu Deswati and Freshty Yulia Arthatiani 67
10 Tuna Handline Fishermen Profit Sharing System in Batu Lubang Bitung City North Sulawesi Province
by: Rizki Aprilian Wijaya, Budi Wardono and Rizky Muhartono 76
11 Fish Consumption Analysis of Primitive Community in North Mamuju District, West Sulawesi Province
by: Rahmadanih, M.Saleh S. Ali, Sitti Bulkis and Akhsan 85
12 Sustainability Status of Minapolitan Region Development in the District of Kotawaringin Barat
by: Siti Hajar Suryawati and Agus Heri Purnomo 99
13 Seaweed Market Share Analysis (Euchema cottonii) in the Village District Mallari Awangpone in Bone District
by: Sri Suro Adhawati and Sitti Fakhriyyah 114
14 Analysis of Shrimp Price Linkages between the World, Import- Export and Domestic Market
by: Tajerin 122
15 The Analysis of Accessibilities and Marketing Path of Aquaculture Centres in Gowa District using Spatial Approach
by: Tikkyrino Kurniawan, Hikmah and Tenny Apriliani 141
16 Assessment of Macro-Micro Link for Fisheries Development
by: Zuzy Anna 149
17 The Income Analysis of Drift Gill Net Fishermen in Makassar Strait
by: Aris Baso 165
18 Opportunities and Challenges of ASEAN-China Free Trade Agreement (ACFTA) to Marine and Fisheries Sector in Indonesia
by: Maharani Yulisti, Subhechanis Saptanto, Estu Sri Luhur and Armen Zulham
179
iiiEnhancing Indonesian Fish Production and Competitiveness in International Market
19 The Role of Group Communication in the Application of BMP in South Sulawesi
by: Mardiana E.Fachry 197
20 Empowerment in Supporting of the using Potential Coastal Fisheries by Microfinance Economic Institutions (Case Study at the Prigi Beach, Trenggalek, East Java)
by: Agus Tjahjono and Wahyu Handayani 210
21 Poverty and Responsibility of Women in Cipatuguran Fisherman Village, Sukabumi Regency, West Java Province
by: Christina Yuliaty, Hikmah and Istiana 220
22 The Strategic Leadership of Learning Organization Approach in the Resources Sustainable Management of Marine and Fisheries
by: Badu Ahmad 231
23 The Effectiveness of Women Worker on Processing Effort Swimming Crab (Portunus spp) at Salemo Island, Mattiro Bombang Village, Liukang Tuppabiring Subdistrict, Pangkep District, South Sulawesi Province
by: Amiluddin, Diesy Hariza and Sri Suro Adhawati245
24 Prigi Bay: Past, Present and Future of the Management Plan
by: Edi Susilo, Pudji Purwanti and Wahyu Handayani 253
25 Comparative Study of Seaweed Farmers’s Revenue on the Embankment (Gracilaria sp.) and at Sea (cottoni Eucheuma Sp.)
by: Saadah259
26 Distribution of Age, Education, Jobs, and Asset of Fishermen Family Life at Aek Habil Village, Sibolga Town, North Sumatera Province
by: Sastrawidjaja 264
27 Adapting the Concept of Agropolitan to the Development of Mina-politan (Based on A Case Study of Kotawaringin Barat District)
by: Siti Hajar Suryawati and Agus Heri Purnomo 283
28 The Role of Natural Resources and Environmental Accounting in the Measurement of Marine Sector Contribution to the Regional and National Gross Domestic Product: Urgency, Conception and Methodology
by: Tajerin and Risna Yusuf 297
iv Enhancing Indonesian Fish Production and Competitiveness in International Market
29 Sendang Biru Fishermen: Social Integrating of Plural Society
by: Wahyu Handayani, Edi Susilo and Agus Tjahjono 322
30 He Cultural Transformation, Work Relation Pattern And Income Distribution On Pinisi Sailboat Industry in South Sulawesi (A Case Study At Tanalemo Village of Bontobahari Subs-District, Bulukumba Regency)
by: Andi Adri Arief and Djumran Yusuf 333
31 Developing Ethic Code Through the Reinforcement of Local Institution and Wisdom For Marine and Coastal Resources
by: Harsuko Riniwati 343
AQUACULTURE AND MANAGEMENT
32 A Model for Sustainable Management of Seafarming-Solar Animal Culture as A Case
by: Dian Nisa Fitri and Aspari Rachman 359
33 Study of Availability and Fisheries Aspects of Swimming Crabs Around the Area of Pancana Coastal Waters of Barru Regency
by: Firman 366
34 The Biological Aspects of Tropical Abalone (Haliotis asinina L) in Tanakeke Island Waters of South Sulawesi
by: Hadijah, Ambo Tuwo, Muh. Iqbal Djawad and Magdalena Litaay 374
35 The Utilization of Coastal Fisheries Potency and Fishing Appropriate Study in Pangkep District
by: Muh. Ali Yahya, Muh. Nadir and Adam Rachman 388
36 The Dynamics of the Algae Density of Zooxanthellae in Giant Carpet Anemone (Stichodactyla gigantea) from the Natural and the Asexu-al Reproduction in the Coral Reefs Area of Barrang Lompo Island
by: M. Ahsin Rifa’i, Ambo Tuwo, Budimawan and Niartiningsih 399
37 Distribution and Depuration of Hg and Pb Heavy Metals in the Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) Tissue at Brackishwater Pond around Tallo River Estuary
by: Andi Asni415
vEnhancing Indonesian Fish Production and Competitiveness in International Market
38 Effect of Various Flour Sources from Kappaphycus Alvarezii as Binder on Physical Quality of Artificial Feed for Fish
by: Edison Saade, Dody Dharmawan Trijuno, Zainuddin, Andi Adri Said, Muchlis Syam, Andi Puspa Sari Idris and Handoko 428
39 The Effect of A Diets on Reproductive Performance of Local Tiger Prawn Broodstock
by: Haryati, Zainuddin, Edison Saade and Ansar Haryasakti 437
40 Analysis of Vibrio Spp Composition Changes of Tiger Shrimp (Pe-naeus monodon) Cultivated in South Sulawesi
by: Hilal Anshary, Alexander Rantetondok, Sriwulan, Margaretha Bunga and Gunarto Latama 448
41 A Study of Plectropomus oligocanthus Stock at Coral Reef of Batanglampe and Kodingareng Islands Waters, in the Sembilan Islands, Sinjai Regency of South Sulawesi
by: Lodewyk S. Tandipayuk 459
42 Nutritional Conditions Evaluated By RNA/DNA Ratios of Early Juvenile-Stage Marble Goby, Oxyeleotris marmoratus under Differ-ent Salinity Levels in Relation to Their Growth and Survival
by: Muhammad Darwis, Sitti Raehanah Muhd. Shaleh, Masaru Tanaka and Shigeharu Senoo 467
43 Isolation of Bacteria Accumulate Lead (Pb) on the Waters of Port Paotere, Makassar
by: Sulaiman Gosalam, Huyyirnah and Ummi Aminah 481
44 Study of Decomposition Litter Fall Rate of Mangrove by Bacterial in Bulu Cindea Subdistrict Water, Pangkep Regency
by: Sulaiman Gosalam, A. Niartiningsih , Huyyirnah and Hayyu Indry Ariestanty 490
45 Reproductive Cycle of Sea Urchin Based on Lunar Period in Barrang Lompo Island
by: Wilma J.C. Moka, Inayah Yasir and Budimawan 499
46 Characteristics and Economic Potential of Small Islands at South Sulawesi Province
by: Rajuddin Syamsuddin, Miftahuddin Nur and Mallombasi 507
vi Enhancing Indonesian Fish Production and Competitiveness in International Market
47 Use Of Information Systems Geography For Pond Management In Sub Area Labakkang Pangkep
by. Andi Gusti Tantu and Nuddin Harahab 514
CAPTURE FISH
48 Light Adaptation Process of Pacific Saury Cololabis saira under Laboratory Experiment by White-Lighting Control
by: M. Abduh Ibnu Hajar 523
49 Fish Catching Prospects using the Friendly Environmental Fishing Gear (Longlines) in Galesong Town Sea Fishing Takalar Regency
by: Firman, Sri Suro Adhawati and Ilham Hadiyanto 534
50 Gill Net Design for Flying Fish in Majene District
by: Najamuddin, Muh. Taufik, and Mahfud Palo 540
51 Retinomotor Response of Pacific Saury Cololabis saira under Monochromatic Spotlight of Red-Sensitivity (620nm) with Lighting Control by Different Intensity and Time Elapsed
by: M. Abduh Ibnu Hajar 552
OCEANOGRAPHY
52 The Accuracy Test of Several Image’s Classification Methods using Alos Avnir II Image
by: Ahmad Faizal, Syafyudin Yusuf and Rustam 565
53 The Patterns of Surface Water Mass Movement During East in Spermonde Archipelago
by: Abd. Rasyid J, Dadang A.Suriamihardja, Amiruddin and Mukti Zainuddin 575
54 Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Sea Surface Temperature and Chlorophyll-A in Makassar Strait Observed from Satellite Images: Oceanographic Characteristics Identifying Fish Distribution and Abundance
by: Mukti Zainuddin 585
viiEnhancing Indonesian Fish Production and Competitiveness in International Market
FISH PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
55 Processing of Bandeng Isi with Shrimp Meat Fortification as A Filler Material
by: Arham Rusli 597
56 Test of Antioxidant Activity of Seaweed Extract Padina sp.
by: Febe F. Gaspersz and Beni Setha 608
57 Studies on the Gel Strength of Red Seaweed Extract, Gracillaria Verrucosa from South Sulawesi
by: Ermina Pakki, Rahmawati Syukur and Sumarheni 618
58 The Effect of Different Harvest Age and Cultivation Location on Quality of Carragenan Seaweed (Euchema Spinosum)
by: Muh. Farid Samawi, Rahmadi Tambaru and Metusalach 623
59 Cloning and Sequencing of Highly Conserved Vp28 Nucleotide of Indonesian White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) Isolate
by: Hilal Anshary, Debbie S. Retnoningrum, Sriwulan, Irmawati, Ernawati Giri Rachman and Endang Srieatimah 632
60 Antioxidant Phenolics from Mangrove Trees, Sonneratia alba
by: Netti Herawati, Noor Jalaluddin, La Daha, and Firdaus 642
61 Effect of NaCl Immersion and KOH Extraction on Carrageenan Vis-cosity of Red Alga Kappaphycus alvarezii
by: Ahmad Daud, Metusalach and Elmi N Zainuddin 650
62 Effectivity of Microbe Bacillus sp. and Carnobacterium sp. on Rearing of Juvenile Giant Gouramy, Osphronemus Gouramy Lacepede
by: Siti Aslamyah, Sriwulan and Hasni Y. Azis 656
63 Isolation and Identification of Vibrio sp. from Eel (Anguilla sp.) Skin Mucus
by: Meigy N. Mailoa 672
64 Activation of Cytokine Genes in Common Carp (Cyprianus Carpio L.) Macrophages Stimulated by CPG DNA
by : Asmi Citra Malina and Masahiro Sakai 682
65 Study Of Effect Of Various Levels Of Percentage Salinity Success Protoplasm Method Of Seaweed Kappaphycus Alvareziiby : Rustam, Rajuddim Syam and Abustang 689
SOCIO-ECONOMICS
149Enhancing Indonesian Fish Production and Competitiveness in International Market
ASSESSMENT OF MACRO-MICRO LINK FOR FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT
Zuzy AnnaFaculty of Economics, Padjadjaran University
Jl. Dipati Ukur No.35, Bandung 40132, IndonesiaEmail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Fisheries development is both macro and micro processes. To understand the policy of fisheries
development require understanding the linkages of macro and micro processes. This study aims to analyze
macro and micro processes and their linkages. Using GRDP (Gross regional domestic product) alone is
not sufficient to understand the contribution of the fisheries to regional development. Understanding
the macro-micro link in the fisheries development, could contribute to the achievement of Indonesia’s
development goals through triple tract pro growth, pro poor and pro jobs. This paper explores such a
critical link in the fishery. The model was tested in the fisheries of Banten province which, like any other
fisheries, their development indicators have not been properly assessed. The results could then be used
as policy feedback for better fisheries management in the future.
Keywords: micro-macro link, policy, GDRP, fisheries, feedback, better fisheries development.
Jointly Publication of:
RCMFSE IMFISERN UNHAS
ENHANCING INDONESIAN FISH PRODUCTION AND COMPETITIVENESS
IN INTERNATIONAL MARKET
Editors :Dr. Hendra Yusran Siry
Dr. Asmi Citra Malina Dr. Agus Heri Purnomo
Ir. Pujoyuwono M.ScDr. Luky AdriantoDr. Sutinah Made
Dr. Harsuko Riniwati
ISBN: 97-979-3893-24-2
Edito
rs :D
r. He
nd
ra Yusran
Siry, Dr. A
smi C
itra Maln
a, Dr. A
gus H
eri P
urn
om
o ,
Ir. Pu
joyu
wo
no
M.ScD
r. Luky A
drian
to, D
r. Sutin
ah M
ade
dan
Dr. H
arsuko
Rin
iwati
2011
ENH
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N FISH
PR
OD
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TION
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IN IN
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Indonesia fisheries development contains challenges to accelerate the efforts to the
trends and emerging requirements that concerns on quality and environmental
sustainability as well as certifying fair trade standards and social and labor related
standards. Apart of reuired several improvements, it needs several alternative and
creative ways to improve competitiveness of Indonesian fisheries products.
This book is a complication of research paper presented at the International Seminar
on Indonesian Fisheries Development: Enhancing Fish Production and Competitiveness in
International Market. It addresses major themes related to fisheries production and
competitiveness. It examines meticulously Indonesian fisheries development empirically
in the context to enhance its fish production and competitiveness in international market.
This book intends to serves as a reference for those who wish to research further on
respective topics, besides acting as wake-up call on the importance of finding ways for
Indonesian fisheries in competitive market. Contents of this book are relevant to the
current initiative of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF) as the one of
major producers in fisheries and marine products by 2015.
Research Center for Marine and Fisheries Socio EconomicsJl. KS Tubun Petamburan VI Jakarta PusatPhone : 021-53650162 Fax : 021-53650159Web : www.bbrse.kkp.go.id www.bbrse.netEmail : [email protected] [email protected]
Indonesian Marine and Fisheries Socio-Economcs Research Networkc/o Jl. KS Tubun Petamburan VI Jakarta PusatPhone : 021-53650162 Fax : 021-53650159Web : http://imfisern.wordpress.com/
Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Hasanuddin UniversityJL. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10, Kampus Tamalanrea, Makasar 90245. IndonesiaPhone : 021-53650162 Fax : 021-53650159Web : www.fikp.unhas.ac.id