I i SDMSDocID 88217739 Response Action Contract · • Mine Seepage Treatment with Iron...

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SDMSDocID 88217739

Response Action Contract• ISStM m& z=~L*&",,

WORK PLAN FORTREATABILITY STUDY

LAVA CAP MINE SUPERFUND SITE

U.S. Environmental Protection AgencyContract No. 68-W-98-225

CH2M HILL, Inc.and Team Subcontractors:URS Greiner Woodward Clyde Federal Services, Inc.E2 Consulting Engineers, Inc.

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WORK PLAN FOR

I TREATABILITY STUDYLAVA CAP MINE SUPERFUND SITE

I

• Prepared for

•Contract No. 68-W-98-225/WA No. 021-RICO-093Y

U.S. Environmental Protection AgencyRegion IX

1 75 Hawthorne StreetSan Francisco, California 94105

I Prepared by

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I2525 Airpark Road

• Redding, California 96001

July 2001

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CH2R/IHILL

II 1.0 Introduction and BackgroundI

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LAV A CAP MINE TREAT ABILITY STUDY WORK PLAN

This Work Plan describes two bench-scale treatability studies to be conducted in summer2001:

• Mine Seepage Treatment with Iron Coprecipitation. Mine seepage will be treated withferric chloride for arsenic removal.

• Tailings Dewatering and Solidification. Mine tailings will be dewateiv^d and treatedwith Portland cement for solidification. Tailings will also be tested for suitability as agrowth medium for future revegetation.

Each of the treatability tests is described in the following sections. Details pertaining tohealth and safety, residual waste management, schedule, management, and staffing are alsoprovided. This section provides a brief site description and discussion of intended use of thedata to be collected.

1.1 Site Description and LocationThe Lava Cap Mine site occupies approximately 33 acres in a semi-rural area of the SierraNevada foothills in western Nevada County, California. The site includes an undergroundmine, mill buildings where ore was processed to recover gold, tailings and waste rock dis-posal areas, and areas where mine tailings have been washed downstream and depositedover time. A full description of the site may be found in the document Interim Draft RemedialInvestigation Report for the Lava Cap Mine Superfund Site (CH2M HILL, 2001).

1.2 Intended Use of the DataThe bench-scale testing results will be used to support a Feasibility Study (FS) for the LavaCap Mine, to be prepared by CH2M HILL. The FS will evaluate a variety of treatment alter-natives for site management and remediation, including solidification/stabilization,revegetation of tailings, and water treatment with iron coprecipitation. The results of thesetreatability studies will be used in the development of conceptual-level process designs forthese alternatives.

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LAVA CAP MINE TREAT ABILITY STUDY WORK PLANII 2.0 Iron Coprecipitation Treatability StudyII

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This section describes the iron coprecipitation treatability study for treatment of mine seep-age at the Lava Cap Mine. Details include the purpose of the study, a technology descrip-tion, and experimental design and procedures.

2.1 Purpose of the StudyThe purpose of this study is to determine optimum arsenic removal under varying ferricchloride (FeCl) doses and pH conditions. The specific objectives of the study are as follows:

• Determine arsenic speciation in the influent

• Determine oxidation requirements to convert arsenic species in water to As+5 oxidationstate

• Estimate required ferric chloride dose without additional pH adjustment

• Estimate required ferric chloride dose with pH adjustment by addition of sulfuric acid

• Estimate sludge production

• Determine resultant water quality after treatment

2.2 Technology DescriptionArsenic removal with metal salts has been performed since at least the 1930s. Excellent arse-nic removal is possible with ferric salts, with laboratories reporting more than 99 percentremoval under optimal conditions, and residual arsenic concentrations of less than 1 /ttg/L(Cheng et al., 1994). Full-scale removal plants typically report a somewhat lower efficiency,from 50 percent to more than 90 percent removal.

• Ferric salts dissolve upon addition to water, forming amorphous hydrous ferric oxides(HFOs) which are relatively insoluble in neutral pH ranges. These metal hydroxides form

I gelatinous floes that bind to other floes and settle out of solution, scavenging many dis-solved and particulate materials in the process. Vigorous stirring is usually required toensure uniform mixing for optimal coagulation. During coagulation and filtration, arsenic is

g| removed through three main mechanisms:

Precipitation: the formation of the insoluble compounds Fe(AsC>4)

Coprecipitation: the incorporation of soluble arsenic species into a growing metalhydroxide phase

Adsorption: the electrostatic binding of soluble arsenic to the external surfaces of theinsoluble metal hydroxide.

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LAVA CAP MINE TREATABILITY STUDY WORK PLAN

Direct precipitation has not been shown to play an important role in arsenic removal. How-ever, coprecipitation and adsorption are both active arsenic removal mechanisms. Somestudies suggest that coprecipitation is the more important removal mechanism, by showingthat HFO formed in situ can remove approximately five times as much arsenic from con-taminated water as preformed HFO (Edwards, 1994).

Numerous studies have shown that filtration is an important step to ensure efficient arsenicremoval. After coagulation and simple sedimentation, HFO, along with its sorbed arsenicload, can remain suspended in colloidal form. Coagulation and sedimentation withoutfiltration achieved arsenate removal efficiencies of 30 percent; after filtration through a1.0-micron filter, efficiency was improved to more than 96 percent. Only marginalimprovements were made by reducing the filter size to 0.1 micron (Hering et al., 1996).

2.3 Experimental Design and ProceduresThis section describes the experimental design and procedures for the iron coprecipitationtreatability study, including:

• Sample collection• Raw water characterization• Oxidation tests• Coagulation/pH optimization tests

2.3.1 Sample CollectionSample containers will be provided by CH2M HILL's Applied Sciences Lab (ASL) inCorvallis, Oregon. Water samples will be collected from the mine tailings seepage at theLava Cap Mine. Sample collection personnel will record the time and date the sample wascollected, the specific location, and the ambient water temperature and pH at the time ofcollection.

2.3.2 Raw Water CharacterizationThe raw water will be characterized prior to conducting the bench-scale tests. The raw waterwill be combined into one large batch, and characterized by analyzing for the followingcompounds:

• Alkalinity-pH titration curve• Arsenic - total, As*3 & As+5 speciation• Chloride• Hardness• Iron (total and dissolved)• Nitrate• Silica• Sulfate• Turbidity• Total organic carbon (TOC)• UV254

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LAVA CAP MINE TREATABIUTY STUDV WORK PLAN

Results of the above analyses will be used to fine-tune the experimental design as needed.

2.3.3 Oxidation to Convert Arsenic SpeciesFor the ferric chloride co-precipitation process to be most effective, the arsenic must be inthe As+5 species. The characteristics of the Lava Cap water indicate that the arsenic will mostlikely be in both the As+3 and As+5 species.

If the raw water characterization testing shows the presence of the As+3 species, then twooxidation tests, one using aeration and the other using peroxide, will be conducted to evalu-ate the treatment required to convert all the arsenic to the As+5 species.

For the aeration test, the sample will be oxidized using air purging overnight. For successfulconversion of the As+3 species to the As+5 species at the anticipated pH, a minimum Eh valueof +200 mv will be required.

For the peroxide test, the sample will be oxidized using three doses of peroxide; 1,5, and10 mg/L. The samples will be allowed to react overnight. Each sample will be analyzed forAs+3 to estimate the dose required for As+3 conversion prior to coagulation testing. Experi-ence has shown that the standard platinum electrode is not an effective way to measure theoxidative properties of peroxide. For this reason, three dose additions will be made insteadof relying on an Eh value to guide the dose.

Based on the results of these two tests, one of the oxidation treatments will be selected bythe project team to oxidize the water used in subsequent testing.

2.3.4 Coagulation OptimizationThe purpose of the coagulation optimization testing is to determine arsenic removal undervarying ferric chloride coagulant concentrations and pH conditions. The resulting data willthen be used to determine the most cost-effective means of pH adjustment for optimizationof arsenic removal. Sulfuric acid [H2SO4] will be used for pH depression, and slaked lime[Ca(OH)2], for raising the pH.

A titration curve will be developed for the oxidized (aerated) raw water sample so that theappropriate dose of acid or base can be added in the rapid mix, with the coagulants, so thatthe pH remains constant after chemical addition.

This section presents the test outline and general procedures for the coagulation optimiza-tion tests.

2.3.4.1 Test Outline

A series of three jar tests will be performed on the raw water:

• Test 1: Vary FeCl dose while maintaining a constant pH 6.0

• Test 2: Vary pH while maintaining a constant FeCl dose (using the optimum doseobtained from Test 1)

• Test 3: Vary FeCl dose without additional pH adjustment

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LAVA CAP MINE TREAT ABILITY STUDY WORK PLAN

Each test is described in further detail in this section. In addition, at the conclusion of thetests, a larger volume of water will be treated, using the optimum treatment conditionsdetermined in Tests 1 through 3, to generate enough settled sludge to conduct total solidsand total metals (TCLP list) testing. This total metals result will provide information todetermine if the TCLP and/or SPLC regulations may be of concern. Because of the sludgevolume (100 grams), and subsequent water volume needed, SPLC testing was not includedwith this phase of treatment testing.

TestlThe first test will evaluate an optimum concentration of coagulant for arsenic treatment atlow pH, by adding varying ferric chloride concentrations at a constant test pH of 6.0.

The proposed conditions for Test 1 are presented in Table 2-1. The ferric chloride dose seriespresented, is for the 300 to 600 /*g/L expected arsenic concentration. The dose series will bere-evaluated, and most likely changed after the actual sample results are available. After thecompletion of this jar test, the results will be reviewed to determine the optimum ferric chlo-ride concentration for Test 2. The optimum coagulant dose will be selected on the basis ofthe treated arsenic concentration.

TABLE 2-1Conditions for Test 1—Ferric Chloride SeriesLava Cap Mine Treatability Study Work Plan

Jar

12

3

4

5

6

PH(Units)

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

Ferric Chloride Dose(mg/L)

30

44

58

72

86

100

Test 2For the second jar test, the optimum ferric chloride dose from Test 1 will be used, and anoptimum treatment pH will be determined for this dose. The pH range will be from 5.5 to7.5, as shown in Table 2-2.

TABLE 2-2Conditions for Test 2—pH SeriesLava Cap Mine Treatability Study Work Plan

Jar

1

2

3

4

5

6

PH

5.5

6.0

6.25

6.5

7.0

7.5


OptimumOptimumOptimumOptimumOptimumOptimum

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LAVA CAP MINE TREATABILITV STUDV WORK PLAN

TestsThe third jar test will evaluate treatment by the addition of ferric chloride with-out pHadjustment. Test 3 will evaluate treatment by the addition of ferric chloride with-out pHadjustment. Increasing amounts of ferric chloride will be added to six separate jars toencompass a range to include ambient to the optimum pH determined in Test 2. Table 2-3outlines the conditions for Test 3.

TABLE 2-3Conditions for Test 3—Coagulation Addition—Ferric/pH SeriesLava Cap Mine Treatability Study Work Plan

Jar

12

3

4

5

6

pH

Ambient pH - [(Ambient pH - Optimum pH) / 5]

Jar 1 pH - [(Ambient pH - Optimum pH) / 5]



Optimum

Optimum pH -[(Ambient pH - Optimum pH) / 5]


TBD

TBD

TBD

TBD

TBD

TBD

2.3.4.2 General Procedures

The general procedure for all of the jar tests is as follows:

• Solution Preparation. Introduce the coagulant and pH adjustment chemicals (if using)during a 1-minute rapid mix stage at 200 rpm on the 6-paddle jar test apparatus.

• Flocculation. Flocculate at 60,40, and 20 rpm for 5-minute intervals. Record pH at somepoint during flocculation. Compare the size of floe particles as well as clarity of thewater between the floe.

• Settling. Allow the floe to settle for 15 minutes and measure pH again at the end of thesettling period. Observe the floe size and appearance, settling characteristics, apparentsludge density, apparent sludge volume, and appearance of supernatant. During settlingdo not activate the lights in the jar test stand as the heat can induce density currents thatmay hinder settling.

• Filtration. Filter supernatant through a prewashed Millipore 0.45-jnm micro-membranefilter.

• Resultant Water Quality Analyses. Collect filtered supernatant samples for subsequentpH, Eh, chloride, sulfate, and total arsenic determination.

• Resultant Sludge Analyses. For each test, collect the settled sludge and measure vol-ume. After the volume measurement, analyze the sludge for total suspended solids(TSS). The TSS value will be used to estimate the dry weight quantity of sludge pro-duced for each test condition.

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I 3.0 Tailings Dewatering/Solidification| Treatability Study

This section describes the dewatering and solidification treatability study for treatment ofmine tailings at the Lava Cap Mine. Details include the purpose of the study, a technology

• description, and experimental design and procedures.

I3.1 Purpose of the StudyThe objectives of the study are:

• • To obtain information on how the Lava Cap Mine tailings can be dewatered andsolidified

tt • To evaluate the strength characteristics of the solidified materials

• To evaluate the effectiveness of the solidification process in reducing contaminant• mobility

• To evaluate the revegetation potential of the raw tailings

I 3.2 Technology DescriptionSolidification involves the intimate mixing of contaminated media with solidifying agents

p (in this case, cement) to achieve a solidified material in which contaminants are physicallybound or enclosed within a stabilized mass. The technology may be applied either in situ or

• ex situ.

3.3 Experimental Design and Procedures• This section describes the experimental design and procedures for the tailings treatability

study, including:

J| • Sample collection• Tailings dewatering and testing

• • Tailings solidificationAnalyses of solidified tailings:

- Strength characteristics- Contaminant immobilizationI

1 3.3.1 Sample CollectionSample containers will be provided by CH2M HILL's Applied Sciences Lab (ASL) inCorvallis, Oregon. Tailings samples will be collected from the mine tailings at the Lava Cap

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LAVA CAP MINE TREATABILITY STUDY WORK PLAH

Mine. Sample collection personnel will record the time and date the sample was collected,and the specific location. A total of approximately 30 kilograms of tailings will be requiredfor the tests.

3.3.2 Tailings Dewatering and TestingThe raw tailings will be tested to determine dewatering characteristics of the material andthe maximum amount of water which can be expected to be drained by gravity. In addition,a number of physical and chemical characteristics of the dewatered tailings will be meas-ured. Tailings testing is summarized in Table 3-1.

TABLE 3-1Tailings Analytical TestsLava Cap Mine Treatability Study Work Plan

Test Parameter

Raw TailingsSoil Water Characteristic Curve

Grain size

Specific gravity of solids

In situ moisture

Shear strength

Total arsenic and metals a

Nitrogen (NO3-N)

Orthophosphate

pH

Organic matter content

Cation exchange capacity

Dewatered TailingsIn situ moisture

Unit weight

Shear strength

Compaction

Sample MassRequired

500 grams

500 grams

50 grams

25 grams

500 grams

50 grams

20 grams

20 grams

20 grams

20 grams

200 grams

25 grams

50 grams

500 grams

5 gallons

Test Method

ASTMD 2325/31 52

ASTM D 422

ASTM D 854

ASTMD2216

ASTMD2166

SW 7060

EPA 300

EPA 365.1

EPA 150.1

SW 9080

SW 9080

ASTMD 22 16

ASTM D 2937

ASTMD 21 66

ASTM D 698

Analytes for metals analyses will include all metals on both the TCLP and STLC lists.

3.3.3 Tailings Solidification/StabilizationPortland cement was selected for use as the solidifying agent due to its nonproprietarynature, ready availability, and strong solidifying properties. Three amendment ratios,5 percent, 10 percent, and 20 percent by weight, will be tested in duplicate. A number ofphysical and chemical tests will be performed on the solidified materials, as described in thefollowing section.

3.3.4 Analyses of Solidified TailingsEach of the six batches of stabilized material will be tested for a variety of chemical andphysical parameters to determine both the strength characteristics and contaminant immo-

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bilization of the resultant materials. The tests to be performed on each batch are summa-rized in Table 3-2.

TABLE 3-2Physical and Chemical Characterization of Solidified TailingsLava Cap Mine Treatability Study Work Plan

Sample Mass RequiredCharacteristic (grams) Test Method

Unit weight 50 ASTM D 2937

Compressive strength 500 ASTMD 5102-96

Permeability3 - 500 , ASTM D 5084

Arsenic and metals 100 SW 846 1312 SPLPleachability b

Permeability testing will only be performed for one sample, prepared at the20 percent cement mix ratio.

Rainwater will be the assumed leaching liquid for this analysis. Analytes for metalsanalyses will include all metals on both the TCLP and STLC lists.

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LAVA CAP MINE TREATABILITY STUDY WORK PLAN1I 4.0 Health and Safety and Residual Waste| Management

™ A health and safety plan has been included with this Work Plan as Attachment A. All per-sonnel involved with the project will follow the Health and Safety Plan and all required rec-

• ords will be kept.

Attachment J to the Health and Safety Plan contain the Residual Waste Management Plan• for the Corvallis, Oregon, laboratory.

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5.0 Schedule

We expect that initial samples for the treatability studies will be collected in early August.The bench-scale laboratory tests will be conducted concurrently and will require 4 to6 weeks. The draft treatability study reports will be issued within one month of testcompletion.

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LAVA CAP MINE TREATABIUTY STUDY WORK PLAN

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6.0 Management and Staffing

The Lava Cap treatability study will be managed and staffed by CH2M HILL. The Lava CapProgram Manager is David Towell from our Reno Office, the Project Manager is DavidBunte from our Redding Office, and the Project Engineer is Rebecca Maco from ourSacramento Office.

The bench-scale work for all tests will be conducted by CH2M HILL's Applied SciencesLaboratory (ASL) in Corvallis, Oregon. Laboratory work will be managed by Tim Maloneyin the Corvallis lab.

Phone numbers for CH2M HILL's Lava Cap project staff are shown in Table 6-1.

TABLE 6-1CH2M HILL Project StaffLava Cap Mine Treatability Study Work Plan

Project Responsibility Name Telephone

Program Manager David Towell 775/329-7300

Project Manager David Bunte 530/229-3223

Project Engineer Rebecca Maco 916/920-0212

ASL Tim Maloney 541/752-4271

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I7.0 Works Cited


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Cheng, R. C, S. Liang, H. C. Wang, and M. D. Beuhler. 1994, "Enhanced coagulation forarsenic removal." Journal of the American Water Works Association^ 86(9), 79-90.

Edwards, M. 1994. "Chemistry of arsenic removal during coagulation and Fe-Mn oxidation."Journal of the American Water Works Association^ 86(9), 64-78.

, J. G., P. Y. Chen, J. A. Wilkie, M. Elimelech, and S. Liang. 1996. "Arsenic removal byferric chloride." Journal of the American Water Works Association^ 88(4), 155-167

U.S. EPA Region IX. 2001. Interim Draft Remedial Investigation Report for the Lava Cap MineSuperfund Site. Prepared by CH2M HILL. April 16.

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III

ATTACHMENT A

Health and Safety Plan

1II111II1111

1111111

CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN

for

CH2M HILL Applied Science Laboratory

WF CH2MHILL~^jjjj^ Applied Sciences Group

Corvallis, Oregon

/trM^W^Oc\. 'C^TQTanuarv 18.2001

Laboratory Director Date

'l^^^ji^sg^^j^j/^leL/Tfl^

Tanuarv 18.2001

CH2M HILL Chemical Hygiene Officer Date

(^^*^p\'/~^fr6lrf Tanuarv 1 1 . 2001

C£j2M HILL COR Chemical Hygiene Officer Date

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PRINT DATE 07/23/2001

Table of Contents

Section Page

1. General Policy 1.1

2. Responsibilities 2.1Responsibilities of the President, ASL 2.1Responsibilities of the Lab Directors 2.1Responsibilities of the Lab Supervisors 2.2Responsibilities of the Lab Employees 2.2Responsibilities of the Lab H&S Officers 2.3Responsibilities of the Lab H&S Managers 2.3Responsibilities of the Lab HR Administrator 2.3

3. Standard Operating Procedures 3.1General Rules 3.1Personal Hygiene 3.2Personal Protective Equipment 3.2Housekeeping 3.3Labeling 3.3Prior Approval... 3.4Spills and Accidents 3.4

4. MSDSs and Chemical Inventory 4.1

5. Procedure Specific Safety Procedures 5.1Procedures for Toxic Chemicals 5.1Procedures for Flammable Chemicals 5.1Procedures for Reactive Chemicals 5.2Procedures for Corrosive Chemicals and Contact-HazardChemicals 5.3Procedures for Carcinogens, Reproductive Toxins, Substances thatHave a High Degree of Acute Toxicity, and Chemicals of Unknown Toxicity ...5.3

Select Carcinogens 5.4Reproductive Toxins 5.4Highly Toxic Chemicals 5.5Chemicals with Unknown Toxic Properties 5.5

6. Control Measures and Equipment 6.1Ventilation 6.1Chemical Storage 6.1Eyewash Stations 6.2Safety Showers 6.2Emergency Lights 6.2Fire Extinguishers 6.2

ATT1CVOHSP.DOC I

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First Aid Kits & Spill Cleanup Kits 6.3Respirators 6.3Vapor Detection 6.4

7. Medical Program 7.1

8. Hazardous Waste Removal/Disposal..... 8.1

9. Training 9.1Initial Training 9.1Ongoing Training 9.1CHP Changes and Reassignment 9.1

10. Records and Recordkeeping 10.1

11. Emergency Action Plan 11.1General Emergency Procedures 11.1Medical Emergencies 11.2First Aid Kits 11.2

APPENDIXES

A. Working Alone PolicyB. Glove Use PolicyC. Chemical Spill ProceduresD. List of CarcinogensE. List of Reproductive ToxinsF. List of Chemicals With High Degree of Acute ToxicityG. Evacuation PlanH. Personnel Directory / Emergency Response NumbersI. Medical Examination ProtocolJ. Waste Disposal Standard Operating Procedure

ATT1CVOHSP.DOC

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Section 1.0

GENERAL POLICYThe policy of CH2M HILL Applied Sciences Laboratory (ASL) is to conduct its business in amanner that provides safe and healthful working conditions and a work place free ofrecognized hazards for ASL employees. ASL's policy complies with applicable federal,sHte, and local health regulations and CH2M HILL corporate health and safety policy. TheASL health and safety policy is established for the mutual benefit of the firm and itsemployees.

ASL develops standards operating procedures (SOPs) for specific laboratory operations asnecessary and appropriate to implement this health and safety policy.

CH2M HILL has developed this Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP), for ASL operations. Itincludes materials on policies, procedures, and responsibilities designed to developemployees' awareness of potentially hazardous chemicals in the work place and to trainemployees in appropriate, safe work procedures.). The plan is mandated by OSHAregulations; CFR 29 Part 1910.1450 - Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals inLaboratories.

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Section 2.0

RESPONSIBILITIESThe CHP is one segment of the larger firm-wide corporate health and safety programdirected by Mollie Netherland, Corporate Director of Health and Safety (CDHS).

The responsibility for administration of the CHP has been delegated by the CH2M HILLCDHS to the ASL Lab Director (LD). The laboratory health and safety officer (LHSO) willserve as the laboratory "Chemical Hygiene Officer" and will implement the CHP. TheLHSO also serves as the hazard communication coordinator (HCC), implements the HazardCommunication Program, and shares responsibility with sample custodians for properlyshipping dangerous goods.

2.1 Responsibilities of the Lab Director• Plans and executes work in the laboratory in a manner that provides safe and healthful

working conditions and a work place free of recognized hazards and in compliancewith the CHP.

• Allocates adequate budget to support HSE programs including, but not limited to,assignment of LHSO, and training budget.

• Corrects unsafe conditions as soon as feasible.

• Designates a laboratory representative to the Office Safety Committee.

2.2 Responsibilities of Laboratory Supervisors• Are familiar with safety and health regulations related to their area of responsibility.

Verify that all employees under their supervision are instructed in general safe workpractices and provided with specific written instructions associated with the employees'job assignments.

• Conduct work assignments in accordance with this CHP and relevant safe workpractices.

• Require that all employees under their supervision conduct work safely and use theproper individual protective equipment and safety equipment.

• Verify that safety equipment is available and enforce its use through appropriatedisciplinary action.

• Assist Office Health and Safety Committee in conducting safety inspections of workareas and direct corrective action for unsafe conditions noted.

• Review all accidents with employees and implement appropriate corrective actions.Submit reports to LHSO, CDHS, and other management.

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• Provide information and recommendations ("feedback") to office safety committee andLHSO concerning safety matters

• Correct unsafe conditions as soon as feasible.

2.3 Responsibilities of Laboratory Employees• Conduct work in a safe manner according to applicable safety rules, including those in

the CHP.

• Be familiar with and comply with proper htalth and safety practices.

• Inspect and use the required safety devices and proper personal protective equipment(PPE).

• Attend safety meetings and complete the required health and safety training andretraining.

• Either directly or anonymously notify supervisor, LHSO, or other health and safetyrepresentatives immediately of unsafe conditions and acts that could affect laboratoryemployees.

• Report all accidents to supervisor or LHSO immediately. Fill out appropriate accidentforms in a timely manner. If the accident involves a chemical spill, use a Chemical SpillReport Form; if the accident does not involve a chemical spill use CH2M HILL'selectronic Incident Report Form (IRF). Submit IRFs within 24 hours of an incident.

• Know and observe personal medical restrictions placed on activities (such as usingcorrective lenses, following instructions on lifting limits, adhering to requirementsdictated by health status) and give supervisor a written copy of the medical restrictions.

• Promote the interests of health and safety in the workplace.

2.4 Responsibilities of The Laboratory Health and Safety Officer (LHSO)• Serve as the Hazard Communication Coordinator for the laboratory. Information on the

duties of the Hazard Communication Coordinator can be found in H&S SOP HS-05Hazard Communication.

• Assists the LHSM in the preparing and updating of the laboratory's CHP.

• Assists the LHSM in monitoring his or her laboratory's compliance with the CHP.

• Assists the LHSM in training all lab employees on lab health and safety as required inthe CHP.

• Presents an H&S topic at lab staff meetings.

2.5 Responsibilities of the Laboratory Health & Safety Manager• Oversee health, safety and environment training programs for ASL operations.

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• Review CHP on an annual basis and updates as needed.

• Provide direction to the LHSO on technical, training, and record-keeping matters.

• Verify laboratory compliance with the CHP through annual health and safety audits.

• Assist the LHSC in conducting accident investigations.

2.6 Responsibilities of the Laboratory Human Resources Administrator• Assists in training employees in the laboratory, as defined by the CHP

• Retains the originals of any training rosters, unless otherwise specified. Provides a copyto the Region Human Resources Manager and the LHSM for their records.

• Executes a health and safety orientation program for new employees as they come onboard.

• Reports occupational accidents, injuries, and illnesses via the electronic Incident ReportForm (IRF).

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Section 3.0

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES

3.1 General Rules1. Working alone in the laboratory should be avoided or minimized whenever possible.

The laboratory has developed a working alone policy (Appendix A) that stipulateswhich tasks require the presence of another person and which tasks can be performedalone.

2. When chemicals are being handled in operations areas of laboratories, or whenadjacent to an area where chemicals are handled approved safety glasses or gogglesmust be worn at all times. In the Wet Chemistry Area, the Extractions Lab, ContinuousExtractions and Inorganic Extractions areas, eye protection must be worn at all times.In the GC, GC -VOA, Inorganics/ A A and GC/MS areas eye protection must be wornwhen handling samples, extracts, neat chemicals or standards (See Section 3.3 -Personal Protective Equipment).

3. When working with flammable chemicals (e.g., isopropanol or acetone), be sure thereare no sources of ignition within 5 feet or close enough to cause a fire or explosion ifthere is a vapor release or liquid spill.

4. Handle and store glassware carefully to avoid breakage. Do not use broken or crackedglassware. To the extent possible, dispose of damaged or broken glassware properlyusing the glass receptacles provided.

5. Store all chemicals according to their chemical properties and hazards.

6. Practical jokes or horseplay are not allowed in the laboratory.

7. Order standards and reagents in the smallest feasible quantities to minimize storagerequirements and quantities of hazardous waste eventually requiring disposal.

8. Bulk storage of chemicals is strictly forbidden.

9. Samples and/or chemicals are not to be removed from the laboratory; do not takesamples or chemicals into office areas.

10. Report all injuries that occur in the laboratory to your supervisor and the LHSO andsubmit an electronic IRF.

11. All compressed gas cylinders, whether full or empty, will be chained and tagged as tostatus (full, in use, or empty) at all times.

12. Use a tip-resistant shield and fume hood for protection whenever an explosion orimplosion might occur.

13. Operations that might result in the release of toxic or odorous fumes or dust should beperformed in a hood. Refer to Section 5.0, Procedure Specific Safety Procedures

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14. Do not the use fume hoods for storage.

15. Leave designated fume hood on at all times; leave other fume hoods on while in useonly.

16. When working with a highly odorous sample, store samples in or near the fume hoodof the main chemistry lab. Keep materials in other operating areas to a minimum.When working with highly odorous samples, use fume and close all doors to minimizethe escape of the odor to other areas.

Employees should know and constantly be aware of the following for each chemical theywork with:

1. The chemicals' hazards, as determined from the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)and other appropriate references.

2. Appropriate safeguards for using that chemical, including personal protectiveequipment.

3. The location and proper use of emergency equipment.

4. How and where to store the chemical properly when it is not in use.

5. Proper personal hygiene practices.

6. The proper method for transporting chemicals within the facility. Use bottle carriers orcarts whenever possible, or use both hands, with one under the bottle and one aroundthe neck.

7. Appropriate procedures for emergencies, including evacuation routes, spill cleanupprocedures, and proper waste disposal.

3.2 Personal Hygiene1. Whenever a chemical has touched the skin, wash the affected area immediately.

2. Do not smell or taste chemicals or samples.

3. Do not use mouth suction to pipette or start a siphon; use a suction bulb.

4. Wash hands well with soap and water before leaving the laboratory. Do not wash withsolvents.

5. Do not eat, drink, smoke, or apply cosmetics in the laboratory, except in designatedareas of the facility.

6. Do not bring food, beverage, tobacco, or cosmetic products into chemical storage or useareas.

3.3 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)1. Approved safety glasses or goggles must be worn in the laboratory at all times when

chemicals are being handled or when adjacent to an area where chemicals are handled.

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When working with a corrosive liquid, it is recommended that a face shield largeenough to protect the face, chin, neck, and ears also be worn.

2. Wearing contact lenses is not allowed while working in the laboratory in areas wheresafety glasses or goggles are required.

3. Shoes that fully enclose the foot must be worn while working in the laboratory.

4. Long-sleeved laboratory coats provided by ASL must be worn while working in thelaboratory. Long-sleeved and long-legged clothing and closed-toed shoes must also beworn.

5. Remove lab jackets and coats immediately if they become saturated or significantlycontaminated. Send lab coats in for cleaning at least quarterly.

6. Laboratory coats must not be worn in designated eating areas.

7. Wear appropriate gloves when performing operations that could cause contact ofchemicals or samples with the skin. Inspect the gloves for holes before using them.This is particularly important when handling corrosive, allergenic, sensitizing, or toxicchemicals or samples. Follow the glove selection guide outlined in Appendix B- GloveUse Policy.

8. Carefully inspect all personal protective equipment before using. Do not use defectivepersonal protective equipment.

3.4 Housekeeping1. Keep all work areas, especially laboratory hoods, benches, aisles, and hallways, clean

and free of clutter. Chemicals should not be stored in aisles, hallways, or hoods. Thereshould be a clear 2 Ms-foot walkway at all times.

2. Clean up all chemical spills immediately using procedures that will minimize exposureand not result in adverse reactions. Dispose of the spilled chemical and cleanupmaterials in accordance with the lab's waste disposal procedures. If the spill is large oryou are unfamiliar with proper cleanup procedures, notify your supervisor, the LHSO,or another member of the Health and Safety Committee for assistance.

3. Do not restrict or block access to eyewash fountains, safety showers, or eyewash bottlesin any way, even temporarily.

4. All chemicals should be placed in their assigned storage areas at the end of the day.

5. At the end of each workday, the contents of all unlabeled containers are to beconsidered wastes.

6. Wastes should be properly labeled and kept in their proper containers in accordancewith the lab's waste management procedure.

7. All working surfaces and floors should be cleaned regularly.

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3.5 Labeling1. Do not deface or remove manufacturers' labels.

2. All such containers must be labeled with the identity of the contents and the hazardsthose contents present to users. Questions about proper labeling should be directed tothe lead chemist or LHSO.

3.6 Prior ApprovalPrior approval to proceed with a laboratory task must be obtained from the sectionsupervisor and LHSO whenever:

1. A new laboratory procedure or test is to be carried out.

2. It is possible that toxic limit concentrations could be exceeded, or other harm isprobable.

3. There is a failure of equipment, especially fume hoods.

4. Laboratory staff members become ill or suspect a failure of safeguards, or exhibit signsand symptoms of exposure. The laboratory manager must be notified if this hasoccurred.

3.7 Spills and AccidentsSpills of toxic substances or accidents involving any hazardous chemical should be resolvedimmediately according to the laboratory's Emergency Action Plan (Section 11), or ChemicalSpill Procedures (Appendix C).

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Section 4.0

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS AND CHEMICALINVENTORY

The LHSO acts as the Hazard Communication Coordinator (HCC) and is responsible for thehazard communication program.

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) provide information about the physical characteristics,health hazards, flammability, and reactivity of the chemical as well as first aid procedures,how to handle spills, and how to store and ship the chemical.

A chemical inventory is kept with the (MSDS) files in a location or manner accessible to allemployees. There is an MSDS for each chemical in the laboratory. The chemical inventoryis updated whenever new chemicals are brought into the laboratory and verified every sixmonths.

MSDSs are provided by the supplier, or other MSDS services, for all chemicals received bythe laboratory. MSDSs shall be filed in the MSDS binders located in an area available to allemployees or electronically in a format and location available to all employees. If anelectronic format is used it must be available to all employees within the employees' workshift, and the LD needs to ensure that a backup system is available in the event that themain system is down for maintenance, repair, or power disruption

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Section 5.0

PROCEDURE SPECIFIC SAFETY PROCEDURESWritten laboratory procedures must include the specific safety precautions described here.Employees should read and understand these practices before beginning a procedure.

5.1 Procedures for Toxic ChemicalsWhere recognized exposure limits, such as the ACGIH Threshold Limit Values (TLV) orOSHA Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL), or other exposure limits are available, they willbe used to help determine the safety precautions, control measures, and safety apparel thatapply when working with toxic chemicals.

5.1.1 Control MethodsAll work with toxic chemicals will be conducted in an operating fume hood. If an operatingfume hood is not available, glove boxes, vacuum lines, or local exhaust ventilation must beused to maintain exposures below the exposures described below.

5.1.2 Criteria for Toxic ChemicalsChemicals that exhibit any of the following properties are considered toxic chemicals.

• The TLV, PEL, or other exposure limit for a pure chemical or chemical mixture is lessthan 50 ppm or 1.0 mg/m3

• If the TLV, PEL, or other exposure limit is not available for a substance, the lethalconcentration (LC50) will be assessed, if published. If the LCSO.in air is less than 200parts per million of gas or vapor or 2 mg/L of mist, fume, or dust, when administeredby continuous inhalation for one hour or less the substance is considered a toxicchemical.

Questions about the appropriate exposure limit or handling procedures should be directedto the LHSM, the LD or the LHSO.

5.2 Procedures For Flammable Chemicals15.2.1 Control MethodsFire hazard chemicals will be stored in a flammable solvent storage area or in storagecabinets designed for flammable materials. Do not exceed the quantity rating for theindividual cabinets.

Fire hazard chemicals will be used only in vented hoods and away from sources of ignition.

5.2.2 Criteria for Fire Hazard ChemicalsFire hazard chemicals are those with a flash point below 200°F (93.3°C). Read the label,MSDSs, or chemical reference materials to determine the flashpoint of laboratory chemicals.

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The use of flammable chemicals in the laboratory is subject to OSHA and National FireProtection Association (NFPA) standards, which provide guidelines on when a chemical isconsidered flammable (see table below). In all work with fire hazard chemicals, follow therequirements of 29 CFR, subparts H and L; NFPA Manual 30, Flammable and CombustibleLiquids Code; and NFPA Manual 45, Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals.

OSHA Flammability Class

Flashpoint

Flammable Liquids

<73°F

Class 1A BP<100°F

Class IB BP>100°F

>73°F & <100°F

Class 1C

>100°F & <140°F

Class II

Combustible Liquids

>140°F & <200°F

Class 1IIIA

>200°F

Class IIIB

Small quantities of flammable chemicals shall be stored in containers as prescribed in thefollowing table.

Maximum Allowable Size of Containers

Container Type

Glass orapproved plastic

Metal

Safety Container

Flammable Liquids

Class IA Class IB Class 1C

1 pt (460 ml) 1 qt (920 ml) 1 gal (3 L)

1 gal 5 gal (4 L) 5 gal

2 gal 5 gal 5 gal

Combustible Liquids

Class II Class III

1 gal 1 gal

5 gal 5 gal

5 gal 5 gal

5.3 Procedures For Reactive Chemicals5.3.1 Control MethodsIn general, reactive chemicals should be segregated in storage, should not be mixed (evensmall quantities) with other chemicals without prior approval from the supervisor, and PPEshould be used. Consult the MSDS for procedures for specific chemicals.

5.3.2 Criteria for Reactive ChemicalsA chemical is reactive if it meets any one of the following criteria:

• Is described as such on the manufacturer's label or the MSDS

• Is ranked by the NFPA as 3 or 4 for reactivity

• Is identified by the DOT as:

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• An oxidizer

• An organic peroxide

• An explosive Class A, B, or C

• Fits the EPA definition of reactive in 40 CFR 261.23 - Identification and Listing ofHazardous Waste

• Fits the OSHA definition of "unstable" in 29 CFR 1910.1450 - Occupational Exposure toHazardous Chemicals in Laboratories

Is known or found to be reactive with other substances

5.4 Procedures for Corrosive Chemicals and Contact-Hazard Chemicals

5.4.1 Control MeasuresWhen handling corrosive chemicals wear safety goggles or a face shield, gloves tested forabsence of pinholes and known to be resistant to corrosive chemicals, and a laboratory coator laboratory apron. Refer to the MSDS for information on appropriate PPE or contact theLHSO or LHSM for more information. Safety glasses do not provide adequate protectionfrom splashes and should not be substituted for goggles or a face shield.

5.4.2 Criteria for Corrosive ChemicalsConsult the MSDS or label to determine if a chemical is corrosive or contact-hazardous. Inthe absence of information, apply the following criteria.

• A corrosive chemical is one that:

• Fits the OSHA definition of corrosive in Appendix A of 29 CFR 1910.1200 - HazardCommunication

• Has a pH greater than 12 or less than 2.5 ( a strong base or acid)

• Is known or found to be corrosive to living tissue

• A contact hazard chemical is one that is known or found to be an allergen or sensitizer.

5.5 Procedures for Carcinogens, Reproductive Toxins, Substances That Havea High Degree of Acute Toxicity, and Chemicals of Unknown ToxicityFollow the procedures described in this section when performing laboratory work withgreater than 10 mg of any carcinogen, reproductive toxin, substance that has a high degreeof acute toxicity, or a chemical whose toxic properties are unknown. For the purpose of thisCHP, these chemicals are referred to as "inimical" chemicals.

5.5.1 Control MeasuresInimical chemicals must be handled in a "designated area," which is defined by OSHA as ahood, portion of a laboratory, or the entire lab.

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Designated areas shall be posted and their boundaries clearly marked. Only those personstrained to work with inimical chemicals will work with those chemicals in a designatedarea. All such persons will:

• Use the smallest amount of the chemical that is consistent with the requirements of thework to be done.

• Use high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters or high-efficiency scrubber systems toprotect vacuum lines and pumps.

• Decontaminate the designated area when w ork is completed.

• Prepare wastes from work with inimical chemicals for waste disposal in accordancewith specific disposal procedures consistent with the Resource Conservation andRecovery Act (RCRA) as determined by the LD. Refer to Section 8.0 - Hazardous WasteRemoval/Disposal.

Because the decontamination of jewelry may be difficult or impossible, jewelry on thehands or wrists cannot be worn when working in a designated area.

Long-sleeved clothing and gloves known to resist permeation by the chemicals will be wornwhen working in designated areas.

Store all inimical chemicals in locked and enclosed spaces with a slight negative pressurecompared to the rest of the laboratory.

The user of these chemicals will keep a record of the chemicals removed from this storagearea and check to make sure they are handled properly in the designated area.

The LHSO will keep a list or inventory of chemicals stored in this area and will update thelist whenever new chemicals are added or a chemical is no longer stored in the area.

Use commercially prepared standards that are below the threshold concentrations insteadof preparing standards from neat chemicals.

5.5.2 Criteria for Inimical Chemicals5.5.2.1 Select carcinogensA substance with more than 0.1% of a chemical which meets one of the following criteria.

• It has been evaluated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), andfound to be a carcinogen or potential carcinogen; or

• It is listed as a carcinogen or potential carcinogen in the Annual Report on Carcinogenspublished by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) (latest edition); or,

• It is regulated as a carcinogen by OSHA.

A list of carcinogens is included in Appendix D.

5.5.2.2 Reproductive toxinA mixture with greater than 1.0% of any substance described as a reproductive toxin in theapplicable MSDS. A list of reproductive toxins is included in Appendix E.

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5.5.2.3 Substance with a high degree of acute toxicity• A substance with more than 1.0% of a chemical which meets one of the following criteria

• A chemical that has a median lethal dose (LD50) of 50 mg or less per kg of body weight— when administered orally to albino rats weighing between 200 and 300 gm each.

• A chemical that has a median lethal dose (LD50) of 200 mg or less per kg of body weightwhen administered by continuous contact for 24 hours (or less if death occurs within 24hours) with the bare skin of albino rabbits weighing between two and three kg each.

• A chemical that has a median lethal concentration (LC50) in air of 200 ppm by volumeor less of gas or vapor, or 2 mg/L or less of mist, fume, or dust, when administered bycontinuous inhalation for one hour (or less if death occurs within one hour) to albinorats weighing between 200 and 300 gm each.

A list of chemicals with a high degree of acute toxicity is included as Appendix F.

5.5.2.4 Chemical whose toxic properties are unknownA chemical for which there is no known statistically significant study conducted inaccordance with established scientific principles that establishes its toxicity.

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Section 6.0

CONTROL MEASURES AND EQUIPMENTChemical safety is achieved through engineering safeguards such as lab hoods, throughwork practice control precautions such as continual awareness of chemical hazards andkeeping the chemical under control, and through the use of PPE. Laboratory personnelshould be familiar with the precautions to be taken. Laboratory supervisors should be alertto detect the malfunction of engineering and other safeguards. All engineering safeguardsand controls must be maintained properly, inspected on a regular basis, and neveroverloaded beyond their design limits. Any equipment that fails inspection must bepromptly removed from service and then repaired or replaced. An annual health and safetyaudit will be arranged by the LHSM to check compliance with control measures outlinedbelow.

6.1 Ventilation1. Fume hoods should provide at least 70 cfm of airflow. Fume hood flows will be

inspected quarterly to determine if the air flow is adequate, and to make certain thatthey are clean and clear of obstructions. Hoods will also be evaluated with the use ofsmoke tubes whenever it is suspected that the hood is malfunctioning or hasinadequate air flow or face velocity. If the flow is found to be less than 70 cfm or smoketube tests indicate serious airflow problems, the hood will be taken out of service untilit can be demonstrated to meet this criterion.

2. Designated fume hoods in laboratories are to be left on at all times. All other fumehoods are to be left on while in use only.

3. Fume hood windows should be lowered except when necessary to raise them to adjustapparatus or prepare samples.

4. The apparatus inside the fume hood should be placed on the floor of the hood at least 6inches from the front edge.

5. Do not use hoods as storage areas or to dispose chemicals.

6. If a fume hood fails, immediately notify the section supervisor and the LHSO.

6.2 Chemical Storage1. Fire hazard chemicals will be stored in cabinets or storage areas specifically designed

for storage of flammable materials.

2. Store only compatible materials together inside cabinets or on shelves.

• Keep acids and bases separated• Never store oxidizers with combustible materials or fire hazard chemicals• Keep cyanide compound separate from acids• Keep oxidizing and reducing agents separated

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3. Do not store cardboard or other combustible packaging material in a cabinet.

4. Do not exceed the manufacturer's recommended storage quantity limits in a cabinet.

5. Always return chemicals to their proper storage area at the end of each shift.

6. When possible, label the outside of a storage cabinet with the class of chemicals storedinside (i.e., flame hazard chemicals, oxidizer, caustic, etc.).

6.3 Eyewash Stations and Safety Shower Stations1. Eyewash and safety shower stations are located throughout the laboratories. The

specific locations at each lab are indicated on the evacuation plan in Appendix G.

2. The LHSO or designee will inspect eyewash and safety shower stations every threemonths.

3. Access to eyewash and safety shower stations must not be restricted or blocked.

4. Any equipment mat fails the inspection will be removed from service until it isrepaired or replaced.

6.4 Emergency Lights1. Emergency lights are located throughout the laboratories.

2. The LHSO or designee will inspect emergency lights monthly.

3. Any equipment that fails the inspection will be removed from service until it isrepaired or replaced.

6.5 Fire Extinguishers1. Fire extinguishers are located throughout the laboratory. Only extinguishers filled with

Halon should be used in rooms with electronic instruments.

2. A certified inspector will inspect fire extinguishers annually by and recharge themwhen necessary. Records will be attached to each fire extinguisher.

3. Access to fire extinguishers must not be restricted or blocked.

4. Any equipment that fails the inspection will be removed from service until it isrepaired or replaced.

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6.6 First Aid Kits and Spill Cleanup Kits1. First aid kits and spill cleanup kits are located throughout the laboratory.

2. Access to first aid kits and spill cleanup kits must not be restricted or blocked.

3. Minimum first aid supplies include:

• Adhesive bandages (band-aids) • Antiseptic soap or pads• Fingertip bandages • Instant cold packs• Compress bandages • Burn cream• Absorbent gauze • Scissors and tweezers• Triangular bandages • Bloodborne pathogen kits• First aid tape • Disposable gloves

6.7 RespiratorsRespirators do not normally need to be worn by employees in the lab because engineeringcontrols and work practices are set up to eliminate the need for respirators. The LHSO orLHSM must be contacted whenever employees notice odors or experience eye, nose, orthroat irritation or other symptoms, or there is a failure of lab hoods such as loss of power,noticeably reduced air flow, loose baffles or other condition noticed by the analyst thatresults in reduced hood effectiveness.

If engineering controls, such as a lab fume hood, fails or work practices become ineffectiveand the possibility exists that employee exposure to vapor or particulate has increased,respirators shall be worn. The use of respirators shall continue until air monitoringindicates that the chemical concentrations in the air are below OSHA PELs or action levelsor ACGIH TLVs, whichever are lower. Consult the LHSO or LHSM in these situations.

When respirators are worn, the requirements of OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134 - RespiratoryProtection shall be followed, including in particular:

• Written standard operating procedures governing the selection and use of respirators ascontained in the CH2M HILL Corporate Health and Safety Program and TrainingManual, SOP #HS-08, Respiratory Protection.

• Employees who need or are likely to need to use respirators must be trained in theirproper use, inspection, and maintenance.

• Employees who wear respirators must receive a quantitative fit-test on the particularrespirator(s) they will be wearing. The fit test must take place prior to the first time theemployee wears the respirator in the lab and annually thereafter. No employees withfacial hair (beards), scars, or other attributes which affect the face-to-facepiece seal willbe allowed to wear respirators or work in an area or situation where respirators arerequired. Quantitative fit test apparatus is available from the Regional Safety ProgramAssistant (SPA) for the lab. The SPA is included in the personnel list in Appendix H.

• Any employee who wears a respirator shall obtain medical clearance fromCH2M HILL's medical consultant.

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6.8 Vapor DetectionDo not use odor to determine inhalation exposures. Whenever there is reason to suspect aPEL or TLV might be exceeded, regardless of the presence or absence of an odor, notify thesection supervisor and the LHSO. Laboratory workers shall wear a respirator suitable forprotection against the suspect chemical until measurements of the concentration of thesuspect vapor in the air show that the limit is not exceeded.

Air sampling will be conducted at least annually by the LHSM and/or the LHSO todetermine levels of contaminants in the laboratory atmosphere and in the breathing zone oflab employees. Air sampling will also be done vvhenever it is suspected that an employee isexposed to airborne levels of chemicals above the PEL or TLV.

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Section 7.0

MEDICAL PROGRAMAll medical examinations and consultations are performed by or under the directsupervision of a licensed physician without cost to the employee or loss of pay, and at areasonable time and place. Medical exams offered to employees are coordinated throughthe corporate medical consultant identified in Appendix I. Local clinirs perform the examsand the exam information and any laboratory results are forwarded to the medicalconsultant, who reviews the information and issues a Medical Summary for each examinedemployee.

Employees are sent for examinations based on the degree of exposure or potential exposureto laboratory chemicals. Employees who do not work in the production/operations areas ofthe laboratories are not included in the medical program. This includes administrative,accounting, and other personnel who work in the office and only incidentally enterlaboratories.

All employees who work in a production/operation area of a laboratory for 30 days or moreper year, including temporary workers, are sent in for medical evaluation:

• At the time of hire.

• Annually, if the employee works in a laboratory where operations using methylenechloride as an extraction or cleaning solvent are conducted more that 10 times per year.This includes, but is not limited to, concentrating samples, soil extraction, liquid-liquidextractions, and washing and rinsing operations.

• Whenever an employee develops signs and symptoms associated with a hazardouschemical to which the employee may have been exposed in the laboratory.

• When environmental monitoring reveals an exposure level routinely above the PEL orabove the action level for an OSHA-regulated substance for which there are exposuremonitoring and medical surveillance requirements.

• Whenever there is a major spill or leak, or an explosion resulting in a significanthazardous chemical exposure in the work area.

• When reassigned to an administrative area of the laboratory or separated fromemployment.

When an examination is conducted in response to a spill or acute overexposure, thelaboratory provides the following information to the physician:

• Identity of the hazardous chemical(s) to which the employee may have been exposed

• A description of the conditions under which the exposure or potential exposureoccurred, including quantitative exposure data, if available

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• A description of any signs and symptoms that the employee is experiencing

• A copy of the MSDS for the chemical(s) involved

The examining physician provides the employee with the results of theconsultation/examination and any medical condition that may require further examinationor treatment. The physician also sends the medical consultant a written report includes:

• Any recommendation for further medical follow up

• Results of the medical examination and any associated tests that were conducted

• Any medical conditions revealed in the course of the examination that might place theemployee at risk as a result of the exposure to a hazardous chemical found in theworkplace.

• A statement by the physician that the employee has been informed of the results of theconsultation/examination and any medical condition that may require furtherexamination or treatment

The report will not reveal specific finding of diagnosis unrelated to the employee'sexposure.

The medical consultant will provide the employee with a summary/interpretation of theinitial and annual or biannual medical examination. When requested and if medicallyappropriate, the medical consultant certifies that the employee is medically fit to wear aNIOSH approved respirator, and also states any work restrictions that should be imposedon the employee as a result of any physical or medical condition.

The medical examination protocol is contained in Appendix I to this plan. Note that thisprotocol certifies employees to perform laboratory activities only. If additional activities areplanned other medical tests may be required, (e.g. hazardous waste, lead, beryllium)

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a Section 8.0

f HAZARDOUS WASTE REMOVAL/DISPOSAL* The laboratory has been designated as a small quantity generator according to the EPA.

The Hazardous Waste Officer is responsible for implementing the disposal of hazardous• wastes in accordance with the Laboratory Waste Disposal Standard Operating Procedure™ (Appendix J).

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Section 9.0

TRAINING

9.1 Initial TrainingNew employees are oriented to the CHP by the LHSO at the beginning of theiremployment. Initial training includes commercial video productions such as J.T. Baker Saf-T-Training videos, the Tracom Chemical Hygiene Standard Video Package and the"Formula for Safety" video package. Specific training videos are updated or augmented asneeded to provide up-to-date information.

Employee training includes:

• The contents and requirements of the Laboratory Standard.

• Signs and symptoms associated with exposures to hazardous chemicals used inthe laboratory.

• An explanation about the PELs, action levels, and other recommended exposurelimits for hazardous chemicals used in ASL laboratories.

• The hazards associated with the chemicals used in ASL laboratories.

• The measures employees can use to protect themselves from these hazards,including engineering controls, appropriate work practices, personal protectiveequipment to be used, and emergency procedures.

• ASL's Chemical Hygiene Plan.

• The location of the MSDS files, and the Chemical Hygiene Plan.

All CH2M HILL employees must also take the computer-based new employees orientationlocated on the company intranet at URL:

http://www.int.ch2m.com/safety counts/training/newmemp 01 orien.desc.htm

9.2 Ongoing TrainingEmployees will receive ongoing health and safety training/information as part of theweekly laboratory staff meetings. Ongoing training topics may include Chemical HygienePlan modifications, special emphasis programs, or refresher training in specific CHPsections.

9.3 CHP Changes and ReassignmentEmployees will receive additional training whenever the CHP is modified and beforeundertaking assignments involving new hazardous chemicals and/or new laboratory workprocedures.

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Section 10.0

RECORDS AND RECORDKEEPINGFor each employee CH2M HILL has established a practice to maintain an accurate record ofenvironmental monitoring, medical examinations, and training. ASL will use the corporaterecord keeping process for official records. Local records may be kept for audit purposes.

The CH2M HILL Corporate Director of Health and Safety or designee will maintain injuryand illness records (OSHA 200 forms) for all company operations, including ASL. Recordswill be maintained in Seattle. If the accident involves a Worker Compensation claim, aclaims form is also completed and sent to Sterling Administration Services for claimsprocessing.

The LHSO and the LHSM maintain environmental air monitoring and hood measurementrecords.

The CH2M HILL Health and Safety Database Administrator and the company's medicalconsultant maintain medical consultation records. The H&S Database Administrator keepstraining records.

All records are kept, transferred, and made available in accordance with OSHA 29 CFR1910.20 - Access to Employee Exposure and Medical Monitoring Records.

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Section 11.0

EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN

11.1 General Emergency ProceduresThe LHSO is responsible for obtaining the appropriate emergency response telephonenumbers and, using Appendix H, posting the telephone numbers in »he laboratory.

The essence of a plan to handle emergencies is summarized in the acronym "NEAR": Notify,Evacuate, Assemble, and Report.

Notification:

The person involved in or witnessing the accident or emergency must notify the sectionsupervisor, the LHSO, or the Emergency Coordinator indicated on the personnel directoryfor the following emergencies:

• All spills

• Injuries

The fire department/EMS shall be notified for the following emergencies:

• Spills that cannot be handled by lab spill kits or cannot be cleaned up without asignificant employee skin or inhalation exposure to dangerous amounts of hazardouschemicals. (See Appendix C for spill criteria)

• All fires

• All explosions

• Serious injuries/Medical Emergencies

The local fire department or a qualified hazardous chemical spill cleanup contractor willhandle all major spills, fires, or explosions. No ASL employee will attempt cleanup of amajor chemical spill. A "major chemical spill" is defined as a spill that cannot be handled bylab spill kits or cannot be cleaned up without significant employee skin or inhalationexposure to dangerous amounts of hazardous chemicals. All laboratory employees will beevacuated from the spill, fire, or explosion area during cleanup or other emergencyactivities and will not re-enter until given clearance by the fire department or cleanupcontractor.

Evacuate

The decision to evacuate will be made by the person who is notified, the section supervisor,LHSO, or Emergency Coordinator. If evacuation is necessary, or if the fire alarm sounds,the evacuation plan (Appendix G) will be followed beginning with notification of theEmergency Coordinator or an alternate. Do not re-enter the evacuated area until instructedto do so by the Emergency Coordinator.

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The lab is equipped with an audible fire alarm system that can be activated manually or bysmoke sensors in various locations in the lab. The manual pull-box alarm locations areindicated on the evacuation plan/emergency equipment map (Appendix G).

Assemble

Employees are to assemble at the areas designated on the evacuation plan following anevacuation. Section supervisors, the LHSO, and the emergency coordinator are responsibleto determine if all employees have assembled at the assembly area. If an employee has notevacuated, that information will be given to the fire or police department when theyrespond to the incident. Under no circumstances are employees to re-enter the laboratoryafter an evacuation until approval is given by the fire department or EmergencyCoordinator if the fire department is not summoned.

Reporting

All incidents must be reported through the electronic Incident report form found on thevirtual office.

The chemical spill report form may also be used to report spills. If the spill report form isused copies must be forwarded to the President ASL, LD and LHSM.

11.2 Medical EmergenciesIn an emergency requiring immediate critical first aid, follow these steps:

1. Notify one of the qualified emergency first aid responders. Appendix H lists staffmembers who are trained in first aid and CPR.

2. Call for an ambulance or paramedics (911).

3. Act in a way that will prevent further injury. Do not move the victim(s) unless there is arisk of further injury in his or her current location. Do not endanger yourself or otherswhile trying to assist the victim(s).

4. Any employee who renders first aid and is exposed to blood will be offered hepatitisvaccinations as required by the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens regulations - 29 CFR1910.1030. Refer to H&S SOP HS-36 Bloodborne Pathogens on the virtual office.

In case of a minor accident or injury requiring medical attention, the employee will be takento the local medical provider. In case of serious injury, the employee will be transported tothe emergency room by ambulance. Maps showing routes to the local medical provider andemergency telephone numbers can be found in the break rooms and in Appendix H.

11.3 First Aid Kits

First aid kits are located throughout the lab. See section 6.6 for first aid kit contents.

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Appendix A

WORKING ALONE POLICYIt is the policy of CH2M HILL Applied Sciences Laboratory to conduct its business in amanner that protects the health and safety of its employees. Because of the nature of ourbusiness and the potential hazards that may arise, employees are prohibited from workingalone in particular areas of the laboratory and while performing certain procedures.

This policy is established for the mutual benefit of the firm and its employees and is meantto maintain the employees' safety, health, and well being.

ObjectivesThis policy has the following objectives:

• To protect the health and safety of employees by requiring that potentially dangeroustasks are not performed alone.

• To enhance employee awareness of potential health and safety hazards in occupationalsettings.

• To promote employee compliance with this policy.

• To provide and maintain adequate professional health and safety resources toimplement and maintain this policy.

Administration and ResponsibilityThe working alone policy is subdivided into three tiers.

• Tier I. Tasks that require two employees physically working together in the samelaboratory area within sight of each other.

• Tier II. Tasks that require two employees working in separate areas of the laboratory tomaintain periodic contact. Contact will be at least every 30 minutes

• Tier III. Specific tasks not designated as Tier I or Tier II restrictions, enabling employeesto work alone. These tasks are generally administrative or do not involve chemicalhandling.

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Tier I Tasks (Requires Two Employees)1. Sample Custody-Working with concentrated acids.

2. Extractions-Preparing diazomethane and separately funnel extractions.

3. GC-Cleaning up sulfuric acid cleanups.

4. GS/MS-No tasks in this area require two employees to be present.

5. Wet Chemistry-Shaking separatory funnels, setting up cyanide distillations,working with concentrated acids and bases, setting up kjeldahl distillations.

6. ICP/A A-Working with concentrated acids.

7. Digestions -Working with concentrated acids and bases.

Tier II Tasks (Requires a Buddy System or Voice Monitoring System)1. Sample Custody - Working in the waste disposal area, working for more than 15

minutes in the walk-in coolers, and preparing sample kits.

2. Extractions - All tasks other than those identified as Tier I or Tier n.

3. GC - No tasks in this area require the buddy system.

4. GC/MS - No tasks in this area require the buddy system.

5. Wet Chemistry - All tasks other than those identified as Tier I or Tier III.

6. ICP/AA - No tasks in this area require the buddy system.

7. Digestions - Distillations, soil extractions, and setting up digestions.

Tier III TasksEmployees are allowed to work alone in all areas of the laboratory for all tasks notidentified as Tier I or Tier II, such as data review and administrative tasks and thosedescribed below.

1. Extractions - Administrative tasks, or working with previously preparedextracts in closed vials.

2. If possible, the employee's supervisor should be informed that the employeewill be alone in the laboratory. Those employees who wish to work in theadministrative offices may do so at any time. Data work-up and data reviewshould be performed in the administrative offices whenever possible.

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Appendix B

GLOVE USE POLICY

Regulatory RequirementsOSHA requires that gloves be worn when handling chemical with a "skin" designation orwhen handling corrosives or certain designated carcinogens, (see attached lists ofcarcinogens and chemicals with OSHA "skin" designation). Chemicals with a "skin'designation are absorbed through the skin and can cause adverse health effects. Gloves arealso required if frequent handling of solvents or other chemical s causes dermatitis or otheradverse skin effects. The appropriate type of glove must be selected and employees must betrained on the selection and use of gloves.

Protection Provided by GlovesIn general, the degree of protection provided by gloves for solvent exposure from mostprotective to least is as follows: laminates>butyl> nitrile> neopreno PVC>latex>polyethylene. All of these except polyethylene provide good protection from corrosives.Most undiluted solvents will eventually penetrate all gloves over time. Methylene chloridequickly penetrates all gloves except laminates, but moves slowest through butyl. Nitriledisposable gloves are recommended for general laboratory use where phthalatecontamination of samples is not a problem. They should be immediately replaced if a spillon the hand occurs.

A.3 Glove Use PolicyAppropriate gloves must be worn when handling corrosive chemicals, carcinogens,chemicals with an OSHA "skin" designation, unknown samples or when there is frequentdirect skin contact with solvents (e.g. methylene chloride, methanol). "Handling", meanspouring, transferring, mixing, weighing or otherwise manipulating chemicals outside theircontainers. The following is a list of tasks and the recommended type of gloves to wear ineach area of the laboratory:

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Tasks Recommended Type ofGloves

Cations

Handling concentrated caustics (>1%) or acids (>5%)

Handling mercury

Handling 5% or greater hydrogen peroxide

Handling unknown samples

Neoprene/ latex or nitrile

Neoprene/latex or nitrile

Neoprene /latex or nitrile


Wet Chemistry

Handling caustics (>1%) or acids (>5%)

Weighing chemicals listed in A.I on the balance

Handling concentrated phenol

Performing cyanide analysis or handling cyanidecompounds

Washing glassware with acids or methylene chloride


Handling mercury compounds


Nitrile






Extractions ^ ,, . ,M/ ^ • ^^^.^g^^^,. „,, » #*& ? * *

Washing glassware with detergent or acid

Rinsing glassware with acetone and methylene chloride

Extracting/concentrating with hexane, ether, ormethylene chloride

Transferring concentrated extracts

Making up standards from concentrated stock ofchemicals listed in A.I above



Butyl

Polyethylene

Neoprene / latex


Polyethylene

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Tasks Recommended Type ofGloves

GC

Weighing neat chemicals listed in A.I at balance

Making standards from concentrated stock of chemicalslisted in A.I above

Adding mercury to extract vials

Adding concentrated sulfuric acid to extracts

Adding internal standard solutions to extracts

Nitrile

Nitrile

Nitrile or polyethylene

Nitrile

Nitrile

GC/MS and GC/VOA

Washing glassware with methanol

Making up standards of chemicals listed in A.1 fromconcentrated stock

Handling VOA samples

Rinsing syringes with methanol

Adding internal standard solutions to extracts


Nitrile

Nitrile

Nitrile

Nitrile

Sample Custody _ . -\ 4 *• ~ '. . ^ .. ,J.;.^.;.;;, , .^ ,, _r * ™ ' * ' * - * , < l j . * * _ i p i

H i * f - * y - s .

Unpack samples

Making up acid or base solutions from concentratedstock

Handling concentrated acids or basis for makeup ofpreserved sample bottles

Butyl or nitrile

Neoprene, butyl, or nitrile

Neoprene, butyl, or nitrile

Hazardous Waste ' t ,/-"'". v " - 1 - - ' -'. > , - ' ; ' • '., ... I- tit$ ^S-Vfr^^li^l*^> ' .-' ' -,, . . - - j - ; r / , ,* ... ,.-,,.^>,rvi, -: ̂ J^f,\fHandUng of any hazardous waste Neoprene, butyl, or nitrile

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Chemicals with OSHA "Skin" Designation(absorbed through skin)

SubstanceAcrylamideAcrylic acidAldrinAllyl alcoholAniline and homologsAnisidine (O-,p-isomers)

Azinphos-methylBromoform2-Butoxyethanoln-Butyl alcohol

ButylamineTert-Butyl chromate (asCrO3)o-sec-ButylphenolCarbon disulfideCatechol

ChlordaneChlorinated campheneo-ChlorobenzylidenemalononitrileChlorodiphenyl (42%and 54% Chlorine)Beta-ChloropreneChlorpyrifosCresoll, all isomersCuroeneCyclohexanolCyclohexanoneCycloniteDecaboraneDemetonDichlorodiphenyltrichloroethaneDichMorvosDiazinonDichloroethyl ether1,3-DichloropropeneDicrotophos

Synonym

Guthion

Butyl CellosolveButanol

Pyrocatechol

Toxamphen

PCB's

Dursban, Lorsban

RDXBoron Hydirde

SystoxDDT

DDVP

Dichloroether1,3-Dichloropropylene

Bidrin

SubstanceDieldrin2-DiethylaminoethanolDiisopropylamineDimethyl acetamideDimethylanilineDimethyl-1,2-dibromo-2,2-dichloroethylphosphateDimethylformamide1,1 -DimethylhydrazineDimethyl sulfateDinitrobenzene (allisomers)Diniitro-o-cresolDinitrotoluene

DioxaneDioxathionDipropylene glycolmethyl etherDisulfotonEndosulfanEndrin

Epichlorohydrin

EPNEthion2-Ethoxyethanol2-Ethoxyethyl acetateEthyl acrylateEthylene chlorohydrinEthylene glycol dinitrateN-EthylmorpholineFenamiphosFenthion

FonofosFurfuralFurfuryl alcoholHeptachlorHexachloroethane

Synonym

Acetadimethylamide

Diethylene dioxideDelnav

DisystonThiodan

Ethyl CellosolveCellosolve acetate

2-Chloroethyl alcoholDinitroglycol

Nemacur

Dyfonate

Carbon hexachloride

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SubstanceHexachloronaphthaleneHexafluoroacetoneHydrazineHydrogen cyanide2-HydroxypropylacrylateIsooctyl alcoholIsophorone diisocyanaten-IsopropylanilineLindaneMalathionManganesecyclopentadienyltricarbonyl (asMn)Mercury all formsMethacrylic acidMethyl acrylateMethylacrylonitrileMethylalcoholMethyl bromide2-Methoxyethanol2-Methoxyethyl acetate

o-MethylcyclohexanoneMethylcyclopentadienylmanganese tricarbonyl(asMn)Methyl demeton4,4-Methylene bis-chloroanilineMethylene bis-4-cyclohexylisocyanateMethyl hydrazine

Methyl iodideMethyl isobutyl carbinolMethyl isocyanateMethyl parathion

Monomethyl aniline

Morpholine

Synonym

HPA

IsooctanolIPDI

Methanol

Methyl CellosolveMethyl Cellosolve

Acetate

MBOCA

Monomethyl hydrazine

Methylamyl alcohol

Methyl aniline

SubstanceNicotinep-NitronanilineNitrobenzenep-NitrochlorobenzeneNitroglycerine

NitrotolueneOctachloronaphthaleneParaquatParathionPentachloronaphthalenePentachlorophenol

PhenolPhonothiazinep-Phenylene diaminePhenylhydrazinePhoratePhosdrinPicric acidPropargyl alcohol

Propylene imineSodium Azide

Sodium fluoroacetateTEDP

TEPP (tetryl ethylpyrophosphate)l,l,2,2-Tetrachloro-l,2-difluoroethaneTetrachloronaphthaleneTetraethyl leadTetramethyl leadTetramethylsuccinonitrileTetryl (2,4,6-Trinitrophenyl-methyl-nitramine)Thallium, soluble

Synonym

Aminonitrobenzene

PCP

Thiodiphenylamine4-Aminoaniline

ThimetMevinphos

2-Methylaziridine

Compound 1080Sulfotep

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Substance

Thioglycolic acidTin, organic compoundsToluidine1,1,2-TricloroethaneTrichloronaphthalene2,4,6-TrinitrotolueneTricresyl phosphateVinyl cyclohexenedioxidem-Xylene alpha, alpha-diamineXylidine

Synonym

Mercaptoacetic acid

Aminotoluene

Chlorinated NapthaleneTNT

Tri-o-cresyl phosphate

Aminoxylene

Substancecompounds

Synonym

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Appendix C

CHEMICAL SPILL PROCEDURES

Planning and PreventionExcessive amounts of chemicals in the laboratory work area waste space and presentunnecessary hazards. Therefore, an effective preventive measure for chemical spills is tokeep the quantity of chemicals in the laboratory to a minirnurn. Larger quantities should bestored in the appropriate storage areas, with smaller quantities transferred to the laboratoryas needed.

Large bottles never should be handled by the lid or molded glass ring. Always use bothhands, with one under the bottle and the other around the neck. Special plastic bottlecarriers are provided and should be used when transporting large bottles. These help toprevent breakage and to contain the material if breakage should occur.

Before working with a hazardous chemical, personnel should know appropriate spillcontainment and cleanup procedures, as well as the location and proper use of EmergencySpill Cleanup Kits. Commercial cleanup kits are provided for acid, caustic, mercury, andsolvent spills. These kits are located strategically in the laboratory and are generallysuitable for spills of up to 1 gallon. They contain the necessary items for spill cleanup,including instructions, protective equipment, absorbent, appropriate neutralizer, scoop,brush, and waste containers.

General Procedures For Small Non-Emergency SpillsAppropriate measures will depend on the type of material, associated hazards, quantity,and other circumstances of the spill. Specific precautions may be necessary for certainchemicals and will be described in the MSDS. Spills involving more than 1 liter should beconsidered an emergency. For large spills, see Section 11 - Emergency Action Plan andAppendix G - Evacuation Plan. General guidelines to follow in the event of a spill are:

• Alert those in the area.

• Notify the section supervisor or the LHSO.

• Attend to anyone who may be contaminated.

• Keep non-essential personnel out of spill area.

• If the material is flammable, turn off ignition and heat sources.

• Confine or contain the spill as much as possible.

• Use appropriate spill kit or other appropriate equipment and clean up spill.Follow directions on spill kit container or in the MSDS.

• Avoid skin contact or inhalation of fumes or vapors.

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• Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (gloves, respirator, etc.). If thesize or nature of the spill requires equipment or expertise beyond what is readilyavailable, or if the proper cleanup procedures are unclear, notify the SectionSupervisor or the LHSO.

• If the spilled chemical is highly odorous, immediately close all doors to exit areasto prevent the odor from exiting. Notify the Facilities Manager (FrankieLindamood x 3220) and Office Manager (Cindy Dahl x3522) so they can take thenecessary actions to inform office employees of the incident. If this occurs afternormal business hours or on week- ends, use the office paging system (dial 80) tobroadcast the following announcement: "Your attention please- The odor yousmell is coming from the lower level laboratory. This is not an emergencysituation. We have the situation under control and the odor should dissipatequickly." Repeat this.

Chemicals Spilled on the Skin1. Remove all contaminated clothing as quickly as possible.

2. Flush the affected area with copious quantities of water for at least 15 minutes.

3. Wash the area with soap or mild detergent and water.

4. Do not use neutralizing agents, creams, lotions, or salves on the affected area.

5. Seek medical attention.

Spilled LiquidsSome small solvent spills can be absorbed with a paper towel and placed in a fume hood toevaporate the solvent. The dried paper should be placed in an appropriate waste containerfor disposal. Use the commercial solvent spill kit as appropriate.

Spills of inorganic acids and bases should be absorbed and neutralized with materials in thecommercial spill kits. Avoid using organic materials such as rags or paper for cleaning upcorrosive liquids.

Spilled mercury is extremely volatile and toxic and should be cleaned up immediately andcompletely with the commercial kit available in the GC area. The LHSO must also benotified to determine if air monitoring should also be done.

Spilled SolidsSweep solids of low toxicity into a dustpan and place in a solid-waste container fordisposal. Many solids can be handled in this manner with precautions taken to avoidcontact, minimize generation of airborne material, and avoid reactive combination ofchemicals. The MSDS will provide appropriate information.

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Disposal• Dispose of spilled solids and absorbed cleanup residues in accordance with the instructions™ provided in the MSDS and the Laboratory Waste Disposal Standard Operating Procedures

(Appendix J).

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I CH2M HILL ASL Chemical Spill Report

fl Report filed by:

Employee No.

I Date:

I Section I: Spill

| A) DateofSpiU:

_ Time: (AM/PM) circle one

jj B) Name of chemical (s) Amount Units (pounds, grams, etc.)

| Attach a copy of the MSDS sheets for all chemicals listed.

I C) Location of Spill

• D) Describe exactly where the spill occurred; be as specific and as exact as possible. Ifthe spill happened within the laboratory, locate the spill with a large black X on the

• map attached to this form.

E) List everyone in the immediate area when the spill occurred.

• NAME ASL EMPLOYEE (Y/N) Employee No.

F) Describe how the spill happened.

• G) Was the area evacuated? ( ) Yes ( ) No

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H) Symptoms (if any) person(s) experiencing?

I Name Symptom(s)

• I) Was first aid given? ( ) Yes ( ) No

IJ) Describe any first aid given or any immediate action taken, (e.g. safety shower, eye

• wash, etc.)

K) Was a physician consulted? ( ) Yes ( ) No

IM L) Was it a medical emergency? ( ) Yes ( ) No

I If you answered yes to H, I, or J, you must fill out the CH2M HILL Incident report form toprovide more information regarding the accident and any injuries that occurred.

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Section II: Clean Up• A.) How was this spill cleaned up? Who was involved in the spill clean-up? If the spill

clean-up kit was used, give its name, manufacturer, catalog number, and theJH location it was taken from.

• B.) Disposal™ Describe how the waste (the spilled chemical and the clean-up residue) was

disposed of.

Section III Misc.• A.) Unsafe condition or act causing spill:

I_ B.) Action taken to prevent similar spills:

™ C.) Additional Comments, Recommendations, or Actions:

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Signature Date

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Date

Laboratory Manager Signature Date

|| Route copies to a.) Human Resources

b.) Lab Safety Officer (L.S.O.)

• c.) Lab Managerd.) Laboratory Health and Safety Manager

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Appendix D

OSHA - REGULATED CARCINOGENS

OSHA designates the following chemicals as carcinogens and which must be handled in"designated areas".

1. 2-Acetylaminoflucrene 12. Ethyleneimine2. 4-Aminodiphenyl 13. Ethylene Oxide3. Acrylonitrile 14. Formaldehyde4. Arsenic (inorganic) 15. Methyl chloromethyl ether5. Asbestos 16. Methylenedianiline6. Benzene 17. Nitrosodimethylamine7. Benzidine 18. alpha-Napthylamine8. Cadmium - all forms 19. beta-Napthylamine9. bis-Chloromethyl ether 20. 4-Nitrophenyl10. 3,3-Diclhlorobenzidene and its salts 21. beta-Propiolactone11. 4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene 22. Vinyl chloride

ADDITIONAL CHEMICALS KNOWN TO BE HUMAN CARCINOGENS(As designated in NTP sixth Annual Report on Carcinogens)

1. Afla toxins2. Analgesic Mixtures containing Phenacetin3. Azathioprine4. 1,4-Butanediol Dimethylsulfonate (Myerlan)5. Chlorambucil6. l-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-l-nitrosourea (MeCCNU)7. Chromium and Certain Chromium Compounds (Hexavalent Chromium)8. (examples are: calcium, lead, strontium, and zinc chromates, and chromium dioxide)9. Conjugated estrogens10. Cyclophosphamide11. Diethylstilbestrol (DES)12. Erionite13. Melphalan14. Mustard Gas15. Thorium Dioxide

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Appendix E

LIST OF REPRODUCTIVE TOXINSThe Lab Standard requires that "reproductive Toxins" must be handled in "designatedareas" but does not provide a list of chemicals that are known reproductive toxins. They aredefined as "chemicals which affect the reproductive capabilities including chromosomaldamage (mutations) and effects on fetuses (teratogenesis)". In 1991, the state of Washingtonpublished a document on reproductive hazards, Workplace Hazards to ReproductiveHealth that included a list of specific chemicals with evidence from human or animalstudies that implicated them as reproductive hazards. The following lists are taken fromthat publication:

TABLE E-1REPRODUCTIVE HAZARDS WITH SUFFICIENT HUMAN

EVIDENCE

Carbon Monoxide Lead

Carbon Disulfide Mercury (organic)

Chlordecone (kepone) RGBs (polychlorinated biphenyls)

DBCP (dibromochloropropane)

TABLE E-2REPRODUCTIVE HAZARDS WITH SUFFICIENT ANIMAL

EVIDENCE

Arsenic Epichlorohydrin

Benzene Ethylene Dibromide

Borates Ethylene Thiourea

1,3-Butadiene Glycidyl Ethers

Cadmium Glycol Ethers

Carbaryl Manganese

Carbon Tetrachloride Mercury (inorganic)

Chloroprene Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBBs)

2,4-D 2,4,5-T

Dioxin Vinyl Chloride

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Appendix F

CHEMICALS WITH A HIGH DEGREE OF ACUTE TOXICITYThe OSHA Laboratory Standard requires employees must have extra protection whenhandling chemicals "with a high degree of acute toxicity". "High degree of acute toxicity"chemicals are defined by OSHA as "toxic" or "highly toxic" as defined in the HazardCommunication Standard and may be fatal or cause damage to target organs as a result of asingle exposure or exposures of short duration. OSHA has not produced a list of these typesof chemicals. However, OSHA and the American Conference of Governmental IndustrialHygienists (ACGIH) have set "ceiling" and "short term exposure limits" (STEL) for somechemicals. In addition the national Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) haslisted levels for many chemicals which are termed "immediately dangerous to life orhealth" (IDLH). All these limits are airborne levels. The following chemicals can beconsidered as chemicals "with a high degree of acute toxicity" because they have an OSHAor ACGIH ceiling limit or STEL of 5ppm or less (lmg/M3 or less if a solid) or have a NIOSHIDLH level of SOppm or less. The MSDS for these chemicals or others of concern can bereviewed for further toxicity information.

Acetylene tetrabromideAcroleinAllyl alcohol - skin2-AnimopyridineArsineBenzyl chlorideBoron tribromideBoron trifluorideBromineButylamine - skintert-Butyl Chromate - skin - solidCarbon tetrabromideCarbonyl fluorideChlorine dioxideChlorine trifluorideCholoracetylaldehydeChloroacetoneChloroacetyl chlorideChlorobenzylidene malononitrile -skin -solidChloropicrinCyanogen chlorideDecaborane - skin - solidDiazomethaneDiboraneDichloroacetylene

l,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethyl hydantoin -solidDiglycidyl ether1,1-DimethylhydrazineDimethyl sulfateEthylene Chlorohydrin - skinEthylene glycol dinitrate - skinFluorineFormaldehyde (see OSHA formaldehydestandard)Formic acidHydrogen bromideHydrogen cyanide - skinHydrogen fluorideHydrogen selenideIodineIron pentacarbonylIsophoroneIsophorone diisocyanate - skinKeteneMercury - skinMethyl ethyl ketone peroxideMethyl hydrazine - skinMethyl isocyanate - skinNickel carbonylNitrogen dioxide

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Nitrogycerin - skin - solidOctachloronapthalene - skin - solidOsmium tetroxide - solidOxygen difluorideOzonePentaboranePerchloromethyl mercaptanPerfluorisobutylenePhenyl ether vaporPhenylphosphinePhorate (pesticide) - skinPhosgenePhosdrin (pesticide) - skinPhosphinePhosphorous pentasulfide - solid (ignitesin presence of water)Phosphorous trichlorideSelenium hexafluorideSodium azideSodium floroacetate - skin - solid


Stibine (antimony hydride) - solidSubstillisin enzymesSulfur dioxideSulfur monochlorideSulfur pentafluorideSulfur tetrafluorideTellurium hexafluorideTetramethyl succinonitrileTetranitromethaneThionyl chlorideTin (organic compounds) - skin - solidToluene diisocyanate (TDI)Toxaphene (pesticide) - skin - solid1,2,4-trichlorgbenzeneTrimellitic anhydride - solidUranium & uranium compounds - solids(radioactive)m-Xylene diamine - skin - solid

Note: "skin" notation means absorbed through the skin

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Appendix G

EVACUATION PLANIn the event of an emergency requiring evacuation, the following procedures must befollowed:

1. At the sound of a fire alarm, or if instructed, all personnel must evacuate. Mapsoutlining evacuation routes are located throughout the lab and are attached to thisappendix. Follow lighted exit paths to building exits. All employees are to assemble atthe staging area, which is indicated in the evacuation plan.

2. Do not panic - remain calm.

3. Listen for instructions. The Emergency Coordinator will repeat instructionsthroughout the course of the evacuation.

4. All employees must assemble at the evacuation staging area. If instructed to do so byyour Emergency Coordinator(s), you may need to move upwind or to an alternate area.Only the Emergency Coordinator has authority to move a group to an alternate stagingarea.

5. Supervisors are responsible for accounting for all employees in their groups or anyvisitor who has entered the facility. The receptionists in the lab and in the mainbuilding are in charge of the visitor log-in books. These log-in books will be brought tothe check-in station during evacuation procedures so that all visitors can be accountedfor.

6. All employees must remain at the evacuation staging area until instructed to return bythe Emergency Coordinator.

7. During evacuation procedures, never leave the staging area unless instructed to do soby the Emergency Coordinator.

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Appendix H

PERSONNEL LIST/EMERGENCY RESPONSE NUMBERS

Position Staff

Laboratory Director

Laboratory H&S Manager

Laboratory H&S Officer

Corporate Human Resources Manager

Corporate Director of H&S

Section Leaders

Organic GC & GC/MS

Wet Chemistry & Inorganic Cations

Bioassay

Client Services

Emergency Coordinator

Hazardous Waste Coordinator

Mark Boedigheimer

Jim Bushnell

Doug Hardy/DaynaKaumanns

Julie Zimmerman

Mollie Netherland

Ben Thompson

Mark Bos

Mike Stanaway

Kathy McKinley

Doug Winn

Doug Hardy

Hospital

Good Samaritan Hospital3600 NW Samaritan Dr.Corvallis, OR, 97330

General Information(541) 757-5111

EmergencyDial 911

Location Extension

cvoSEA

CVO

DEN

SEA

CVO

CVO

CVO

CVO

CVO

CVO

3125

5678

3107/3104

2375

5342

3132

3135

3161

3144

3163

3107

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Appendix I

- MEDICAL PROTOCOLS™ Initial and Exit Examination for CH2M HILL ASL Employees

• Provided by GMG Workcare

* DESCRIPTION

tt 1. History Review

2. Complete Blood Count

3. Pulmonary Function Test (only for employees who wear respirators.)

4. Physical Examination

5. Complete Urinalysis

6. Vision Screen

7. Biochemical Profile (kidney and liver functions, lipid and carbohydratemetabolism)

£ Corporate Medical ConsultantGMG Workcare

I Peter P. Greaney, M.D.333 S. Anita Drive, Suite 630Orange, CA 92868

I Web Site: www.workcare.comE mail: [email protected]

Local ClinicThe Corvallis Clinic3615 NW Samaritan Dr.Suite G 10Corvallis, OR, 97330(541) 753-1786

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Appendix J

LABORATORY WASTE DISPOSAL STANDARD OPERATINGPROCEDURE

1.0 General InformationAs a licensed small-quantity generator under EPA requirements, O72M HILL is committedto responsible handling, treatment, and disposal of any hazardous or potentially hazardousmaterials associated with our laboratory activities. The firm makes every effort to minimizethe amounts of hazardous materials necessitating disposal, and to treat, label, and disposeof such wastes in a manner that is within the regulatory guidelines and which minimizesthe negative impact on the environment. Whenever possible, CH2M HILL will dispose ofwaste materials by neutralization, incineration, or by re-cycling, as opposed to disposal intolandfills.

1.1 General Employee InformationEmployees should be "familiar with proper waste handling and emergency proceduresrelevant to their responsibilities during normal operations and emergencies."

If a fire, explosion, or spill occurs that enters surface water or threatens humans or theenvironment outside CH2M HILL, the following notifications must be made:

1. Corvallis Fire Department 9-911

2. DEQ1-800-982-1211

3. National Response Center 1-800-424-8803

The following information must be given:

1. Name, address and phone number

2. EPA ID # (ORD 987173408)

3. Date, time, type of incident

4. Amount and type of waste involved

5. Extent of injuries, if any

6. Amount of recovered material, if any

1.2 General Storage and Handling InformationWaste can be stored for 180 days or until 6000 kg is collected, whichever comes first.

All documents, manifests, and other records must be filed and kept on site for futurereference and easy access.

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Administration of this Standard Operating Procedure is assigned to Hazardous WasteCoordinator with technical oversight provided by the Laboratory Safety Officer. TheLaboratory Director signs all manifests and is routinely informed of sample disposalprocedures and operations.

Contractors selected by CH2M HILL for treatment, transportation, and disposal are strictlylimited to those first meeting specific legal, administrative, and financial criteria. Onlyapproved organizations are used for this purpose.

2.0 Types of Waste to be Managed by the LaboratoryWastes requiring disposal from the laboratory generally fall into one of threecategories:• Environmental samples received for analysis

• Sample extracts, distillates, and digestates

• Spent solvents and deteriorated reagents

2.1 Disposal of Environmental Samples

2.1.1 Sample Discard List

On a weekly basis, the sample custodian queries the Laboratory Information ManagementSystem (LIMS) for a list of samples ready to discard. The sample custodian then inventoriesand removes all samples whose final reports have been sent to clients at least 30 days priorto the query date. In some cases, samples will be stored for longer than 30 days. In thesecases, the client will be charged a fee to cover the cost of storage.

2.1.2 Determination of Hazardous or Toxic Substances

Based on the reported contents of the samples on the discard list, the designated HazardousWaste Coordinator determines which samples must be classified as "toxic" or "hazardous."The Hazardous Materials List and the Hazardous Substances List published by theDepartment of Transportation (DOT) are used to make this determination. When in doubt,the Hazardous Waste Coordinator will consult the Laboratory Director for clarification andfinal decision.

Any sample that contains any of the following analytes above the stated limit will betreated and disposed of as hazardous waste (see Table T-l).

2.1.3 Disposal of Non-Hazardous Samples

Samples that are determined not to contain hazardous or toxic substances are disposed of inthe following manner:

• Soil Samples - Labels are defaced by wiping with acetone to destroy pertinentinformation. Sample bottles are then disposed of in the waste container used forlaboratory trash and discard items. These containers are periodically emptied into thedumpster and hauled away by the city sanitation department.

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• Water Samples - Labels are defaced by wiping with acetone to remove pertinentinformation. Contents of the bottles are poured down the drain leading to the localsewer system with copious quantities of water. Sample containers are then rinsed withtap water and either discarded in the usual trash containers, placed in the dumpster,and hauled away by the city sanitation department or stored for removal by a glassrecycling company.

2.1.4 Storage and Disposal of Hazardous Samples

All samples found to contain hazardous or toxic substances are stored in a separate securedon-site storage area.

Unused portions of samples are returned to the client or site of origin for disposal wheneverpossible. These samples are not regulated as hazardous wastes. These samples can bestored in an area separate from the designated Hazardous Waste storage area until returnedto the client.

Unused portions of samples deemed to be hazardous and cannot be returned to the source,or when a client requests appropriate disposal of the retained sample, they are segregated,clearly labeled as to contents, stored, and periodically conveyed to a licensed hazardouswaste disposal contractor approved by the State of Oregon. In this circumstance, CH2MHILL charges appropriate disposal fees to the client or other responsible party.

Specific rules for sample storage and labeling are covered in the Hazardous MaterialsManual and in various regulating documents including 49 CFR. The following specificpoints are to "be followed:

• Sample containers must be kept in good condition, must be compatible with contents,and must be kept closed.

• The date when the samples were designated as "hazardous waste" must be marked onthe container.

• The sample must be labeled with the words "Hazardous Waste" and the proper EPAwaste code.

• The appropriate DOT waste code must be added to the manifest when shipment isscheduled. During storage, the proper EPA waste code must be plainly marked on eachstorage container.

2.2 Disposal of Sample Extracts, Distillates, and Digestates2.2.1 Sample Extracts and Distillates

All solvent extract solutions are segregated into DOT approved containers with appropriatelabels and documentation, are stored in a secure area and are periodically conveyed to alicensed hazardous waste disposal contractor approved by the State of Oregon.

2.2.2 Metals Digestates

Metals digestates are collected in a bulk container. When a container is filled, the liquid isanalyzed by ICP. If the results are below 100 times the Safe Drinking Water limit, (See

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Table N-l) the liquid is neutralized to pH 6-7 and poured down the drain with copiousquantities of water. If not, the pH is raised to 10-11. This precipitates metals as insolublehydroxides. The supernatant is analyzed by ICP. If the results are less than those listed inTable N-l, the supernatant is neutralized and poured down the drain. The precipitant iscollected and stored in DOT approved containers for disposal by an approved hazardouswaste disposal contractor.

2.3 Disposal of Spent Solvents and Deteriorated Reagents

2.3.1 Spent Solvents

Spent solvents are collected in dedicated bulk containers. It is generally acceptable to mixsolvents if those mixed are compatible, not likely to create a reaction, and are consistent asto type of solvent. Re-cyclers require a separation between halogenated and non-halogenated solvents. Containers are properly labeled and stored in a secure area. Whenfull, the containers are conveyed to a licensed hazardous waste disposal contractorapproved by the State of Oregon.

These containers must be marked with the date when the first solvent is stored, must belabeled clearly with the proper EPA waste code(s), and must be kept closed except whenadding waste solvent.

2.3.2 Reagents

Quantities greater than 500 mL of spent acids or bases with normality greater than 2.5 areneutralized to a pH of 7-9 and disposed of to the wastewater treatment system by pouringwith copious amounts of water into the drain.

2.3.3 Non-hazardous reagents

Non-hazardous reagents and standards are treated and disposed of appropriately,depending upon the contents of the materials. Generally they are handled in the samemanner as non-hazardous samples: the labels are defaced, the reagent poured down thedrain with large quantities of water, and the bottle discarded into the dumpster.

3.0 Division-Specific Procedures for Treatment, Storage, and Disposal ofWastes

3.1 Cations

3.1.1 Procedures for HNOs and HCI Digestates

A 30-gallon drum, labeled "Metals Waste - Untreated," is located in the digestion area of thelaboratory. When HNOs or HCI digestates have been analyzed and are ready for disposal,the contents of the digestate bottle are poured into this drum. Each digestate bottle is thenrinsed once with tap water; the rinse water is also poured into the Waste bottle. When theliquid reaches the "FULL" mark, the analyst should contact the Hazardous Waste Officer.

The liquid in the drum is tested by ICP. If the levels of metals are less than the maximumlevels listed in Table N-l, the liquid is neutralized to a pH of 6-7 and poured down thedrain using large amounts of water. If the metals concentration exceeds the maximum

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levels, the Hazardous Waste Officer will safely relocate the drum near a hood. A sufficientamount of NaOH (12N) to bring the pH to 10-11 is carefully added to the drum. This willprecipitate the metals as insoluble hydroxides. After thorough stirring, the bottle is leftovernight to allow the precipitant to settle out. The supernatant is decanted or filtered intoa bottle labeled "Metals Waste -Treated." An aliquot of this supernatant is analyzed by ICP.

If the ICP finds metals present at less than 100 times the Safe Drinking Water limit, thesupernatant is neutralized to pH 6-7 by addition of acid (6N) and the liquid is poured downthe drain. If the levels of metals found by ICP are above the indicated limit, theprecipitation step is repeated.

The precipitant from the treatment is rinsed into a 2000-m.L plastic bottle using a minimumamount of water. This bottle is labeled as "Metal, precipitant, EPA waste codes:

Metal

Arsenic

Barium

Cadmium

Chromium

Lead

Mercury

Selenium

Silver

Code

D004

D005

D006

D007

D008

D009

D010

D011

3.1.2 Procedure for Mercury DigestatesAfter analyses are complete and mercury digestates are ready for disposal, the digestatesare collected in a 30-gallon drum in the digestion area of the laboratory. The drum islabeled "Mercury Waste - Untreated." When the liquid reaches the "FULL" mark, theanalyst should notify the Hazardous Waste Officer.

The liquid in the drum is analyzed for mercury. If the level of mercury is less than themaximum allowable concentration listed in Table N-l, the liquid is poured down the drainusing large amounts of water. If mercury is present in the liquid above the listed limits, theHazardous Waste Officer will safely relocate the drum near the hood. A sufficient amountof saturated ferric sulfate solution (lOg dissolved/liter for every 20 liters of waste) is addedto precipitate the mercury in an insoluble form. After thorough stirring, the drum isallowed to sit overnight to allow settling of the precipitated mercuric sulfide.

The supernatant is filtered or decanted into another bottle marked "Mercury Wastes -Treated." An aliquot of this liquid is analyzed using the cold vapor technique. If the levelof mercury in the supernatant is less than 0.2 mg/L (100 times the Safe Drinking Waterlevels) the liquid is poured down the drain with copious amounts of water. If the level ofmercury is above this limit, the precipitation procedure is repeated. ALL PRECIPITATIONAND FILTERING PROCEDURES FOR MERCURY MUST BE CARRIED OUT UNDER AHOOD.

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The precipitated mercury is rinsed from the drum into a 2000-mL plastic bottle using aminimal amount of water. The bottle is then labeled as "Mercury Waste, precipitant, D009."

3.1.3 Analytical StandardsAll analytical standards, QC check samples, calibration standards, and similar materialsused in cations analyses may be disposed of by pouring them into the "Metals Waste -Untreated" drum in the digestions area. Vials and ampules should be rinsed once with tapwater, the water added to the Waste drum, and the ampules or vials placed in the trashcontainer in the lab.

3.1.4 TCLP ExtractsThe TCLP toxicity procedure results in the following potentially hazardous waste materials:

• the unused portion of soil

• the 2000 mL extract

• the 100 mL of digestate

• the solids filtered out

The digestate is treated according to Section 3.1.1.

If the 2000ml of extract (minus the amount digested for analysis) is deemed hazardousbased on the indicated metals and levels, the extract is added to the "Metals Waste -Untreated" drum. Otherwise, the extract is poured down the drain using large amounts ofwater.

The unused portions of soil samples, filter papers, and filtered soils are subjected to similarscrutiny. If the extract from a sample is deemed hazardous based on the indicated metalsand levels, the raw sample is assumed to be hazardous as well. These materials should beplaced into the "Metal Precipitant" plastic bottle (Section 5.1.2). Otherwise, these materialscan be discarded as stated in Section 5.1.6b.

3.1.5 Procedure for Unused Portions of Water, Soil and Sludge SamplesWater samples: If the sample contains metals at less than the maximum contaminant levelsthe sample is treated as a non-hazardous sample. The label is defaced, the containeremptied into the sink with copious quantities of water, and the container discarded into thedumpster. The presence of other metals is irrelevant to the classification as a hazardouswaste.

If the sample contains any of the metals at or above the indicated concentrations, theunused portion of the sample should be treated as waste. Add the sample to the "MetalsWaste - Untreated" drum.

Soil or sludge samples: If the sample contains metals at less than the maximumcontaminant levels the sample is treated as a non-hazardous sample. The label is defaced,and the container and sample residue disposed of into the dumpster. If the sample containsany of the metals at or above the indicated concentrations, the unused portion of the sampleshould be placed into the "Metal Precipitant" plastic bottle.

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3.2 Wet Chemistry

3.2.1 Procedures for Unused Portions of Samples

Generally speaking, the unused portions of samples received for wet chemistry analysescan be considered to be non-hazardous UNLESS the sample (1) came from a CLP-level orSuper Fund site, (2) is known to have included a request for TCLP test, or (3) there is otherreason to believe the material is potentially hazardous. In such case, the analyst andsupervisor decide whether the particular sample is classified as hazardous. If a questionexists, these parties will consult with the Hazardous Waste Coordinator for clarification. Ifthe sample is not hazardous, it is disposed of under the general SOP (Section 2.0). If thesample is classified as hazardous, it must be batched with similar samples in a properlylabeled container, added to the list of wastes posted in the Hazardous Waste storage area,and placed into the appropriate drum for disposal by our licensed hazardous wastedisposal contractor.

3.2.2 Various Reagents Including Solvents

The majority of reagents used in wet chemistry are acidic or basic solutions containing noregulated metals and no other potentially hazardous materials. These reagents can betreated by neutralizing to pH 6-8 if reagents are strongly acidic or basic, and pouring downthe drain with copious quantities of water.

Reagents containing metals in potentially hazardous concentrations should be treated as"Metals - Waste." See Section 5.1.2 for specific information.

Used Freon should be collected and bulked into an original Freon container, labeled as"Waste Freon." When the container is full, the analyst will notify the Hazardous WasteOfficer. The container should be kept in a cool area of the laboratory. Periodically thiswaste Freon will be re-distilled for reuse.

Standards and QC check samples are treated as unused portions of water samples, usingthe criteria set out in the previously described sections of this SOP.

3.2.3 COD WasteCOD wastes contain both silver and mercury and thus must be stored and treated in aspecific manner:

1) COD wastes will be accumulated in a labeled 15-liter bottle. To a beaker containing 2liters of waste solution, add 20 grams of sodium chloride. Stir for 2-3 minutes. A whiteprecipitate of silver chloride will be formed. The precipitate will be filtered underpressure. The silver chloride may be recovered as metallic silver if desired. If this isnot done, the silver chloride and filter must be treated as metals waste (Section 5.1.2).

2) In a vented fume hood, pour the filtered solution back into the beaker. Add 10 gramsof coarsely powdered ferrous sulfide. DANGER! HYDROGEN SULFIDE GAS ISEMITTED. CONTAINER MUST BE IN A FUME HOOD. After 2-3 hours, most of themercury will be precipitated out as mercuric sulfide, and some hydrogen sulfide willbe oxidized to sulfur. Filter the black mercuric sulfide precipitant and store it as a

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mercury waste (Section 5.1.3c). An aliquot of the liquid portion will be analyzed formercury, with the same disposal standards applied as to other metals samples.

3) As an alternative, if amounts of COD waste are small, the waste can be collected inbulk in a polypropylene container, correctly labeled, and disposed of as "Metals -Waste," with the appropriate EPA codes for mercury and silver.

3.2.4 Cyanide SamplesSamples are first distilled and analyzed. Treatment of unused sample depends upon thelevel of cyanide found.

• Samples containing less than 250 mg/L or 250 mg/kg cyanide are considered to be non-hazardous. These samples are returned to sample custody for routine sample disposal.

• Samples containing more than 250 mg/L or 250 mg/kg cyanide are labeled, includingthe EPA code, D003, and the "Reactivity" label. Samples are listed and stored in thehazardous waste storage area for proper disposal by a licensed hazardous wastetransporter.

The unused distillate is disposed of using the same basic criteria. Non- hazardousdistillates can be poured down the drain using copious quantities of water. High cyanidedistillates are treated as hazardous. They are bulked, labeled, and stored in the hazardouswaste storage area for proper disposal by a licensed hazardous waste transporter. The EPAcode D003 and a "Reactive" label must be attached to the container.

The final analytical product, which contains relatively high concentrations of pyridine andchloramine-T, is treated as hazardous regardless of the cyanide level found. All the finalproducts are bulked, labeled, and stored in the hazardous waste storage area for properdisposal by a licensed hazardous waste transporter. Pyridine requires an EPA code of F005.

3.3 Organics LaboratoryThe waste materials generated in the organics area include chlorinated and non-chlorinatedsolvents, GC vials containing solvents, and soils containing residual solvent after extraction.

3.3.1 Procedure for Solvent WastesChlorinated and non-chlorinated solvent wastes from organic extractions, rinses, or expiredstandards need to be collected in separate 1-gallon bottles and stored in the fume hoods orsolvent cabinets. The bottles should be clearly labeled "Chlorinated solvent waste —Flammable" or "Non-Chlorinated solvent waste — Flammable". In addition, a "HazardousWaste" label including the date the first solvent is poured into the container must be affixedto the bottle. Examples of Chlorinated solvents used are methylene chloride, while non-chlorinated solvents include methanol, acetone, and hexane. Soils or sludges which havebeen solvent extracted should also be placed into the solvent waste containers.

As a solvent waste container is filled, it is stored in the hazardous waste storage area.

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3.3.2 Procedure for Ether WasteOccasionally ether solvents, such as diethyl ether or methyl-tert butyl ether, are used fororganics extractions. Ether is a highly volatile, toxic, flammable, and explosive solvent.Ether waste must be collected separate from the other solvents in an explosion-proof canand clearly labeled as "Explosion Hazard". The can should be kept in a cold storage areauntil it can be disposed of. Under no circumstances should the waste ether be stored in theHazardous Waste storage area,

Waste ether is conveyed to a licensed hazardous waste disposal contractor.

3.3.3 Procedures for GC Injection Vials WastesAs injection (sample) vials and vials of neat standard material are ready for disposal, theyshould be placed in a 1-gallon plastic bottle with sufficient absorbent material to cushionthe vials and to absorb any liquid material which may leak from vials. The bottle must beclearly labeled as "Hazardous Waste" and the top kept on the bottle unless vials are beingadded. The bottle may be kept in the GC area.

When a bottle is full, the analyst or GC supervisor will notify the Hazardous Waste Officer.

The Hazardous Waste officer will add packing material as appropriate, seal the bottle,complete labeling, and prepare it for disposal. The bottle is added to the appropriate wastedrum in the Hazardous Waste storage area, and the waste is added to the list posted on thedrum.

Vials containing detectable levels of PCBs should be collected in a separate metal bottletreated in a similar fashion. This can should be clearly labeled "PCB Sample Waste." Beforedisposal of the PCB samples, the Hazardous Waste Officer will contact the disposal firm toalert them that PCB- containing waste is to be collected for disposal.

3.4 Procedures for the GC/MS Section3.4.1 Procedures for Mechanical Pump OilAs the oil is used in GC/MS, it is collected in the original containers or in other plasticbottles, clearly labeled "Waste Oil."

The waste oil containers will be collected by a licensed hazardous waste disposal contractorfor incineration, use as fuel, or re-cycling as appropriate.

3.4.2 Procedures for GC Injection Vials WastesVials may be accumulated in a 1-gallon plastic bottle with sufficient absorbent material tocushion the vials and to absorb liquids that might leak from the vials. The bottle will remainin the GC/MS area, and will remain closed unless vials are being added to the can. Thebottle should be clearly labeled as "Hazardous Waste."

When the bottle is full, the GC/MS analyst or supervisor notifies the Hazardous WasteOfficer. The Hazardous Waste Officer will seal the bottle, complete the labeling, add thewaste to the list posted in the Hazardous Waste disposal area, and place the bottle in theproper storage drum.

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Samples with detectable levels of PCBs should be placed in the bottle used to collect PCBsample waste, located in the GC area.

3.4.3 Procedures for Unusable Analytical and Calibration Standards, Neat Materials, and

•

Primary StandardsVials containing concentrated standards in solvent are collected in the plastic bottle locatedin the GC/MS area.

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TABLE J-1HAZARDOUS WASTE GUIDELINES

VolatileOrganics

Benzene

Carbon Tetrachlonde

Chlorobenzene

Chloroform

1 ,4-Dichlorobenzene

1 ,2-Dichlorobenzene

1,1-Dichloroethene

Methyl ethyl ketone

2-Butanone

Tetrachloroethene

Tnchloroethene

Vinyl Chlonde

Water Soil(ug/L) (ug/Kg)

500 10,000

500 10,000

100,000 2,000,000

6,000 120,000

7,500 150,000

500 10,000

700 14,000

200,000 4,000,000

SeeMEK

700 14,000

500 10,000

200 4,000

SemivolatileOrganics

Aldnn

Chlordane

o-Cresol

m-Cresol

p-Cresol

Total Cresols

2,4-D

4,4'-DDD

4,4'-DDE

4,4'-DDT

Dieldnn

2,4-Dmitrotoluen9

2,3,7,8-TCDD

Endnn

Heptachlor

Heptachlor epoxide

Hexachlorobenzene

Hexachlorobutadiene

Hexachloroethane

Kepone

Lindane

Methoxychlor

Mirex

Nitrobenzene

PCBs

Pentachlorophenol

Pyndine

Toxaphene

2,4,5-Tnchlorophenol

2,4,6-Tnchlorophenol

2,4,5-TP

Water(ug/L)

140

30

200,000

200,000

200,000

200,000

10,000

100

100

100

800

130

1

20

8

8

130

500

3,000

2,100

400

10,000

2,100

2,000

50

100,000

5,000

500

400,000

2,000

1,000

Soil(ug/Kg)

2,800

600

4,000,000

4,000,000

4,000,000

4,000,000

200,000

2,000

2,000

2,000

16,000

2,600

20

400

160

160

2,600

10,000

60,000

42,000

8,000

200,000

42,000

40,000

1,000

2,000,000

100,000

10,000

8,000,000

40,000

20,000

Inorganics

Antimony

Arsenic

Barium

Beryllium

Cadmium

Chromium *3

Chromium **

Cobalt

Copper

Cyanide

Lead

Mercury

Molybdenum

Nickel

Selenium

Silver

Thallium

Vanadium

Zinc

Water(ug/L)

15,000

5,000

100,000

750

1,000

5,000

5,000

80,000

25,000

250

5,000

200

350,000

20,000

1,000

5,000

7,000

7,000

250,000

Soil(ug/Kg)

300,000

100,000

2,000,000

15,000

20,000

100,000

100,000

1,600,000

500,000

5,000

100,000

4,000

7,000,000

400,000

20,000

100,000

140,000

140,000

5,000,000

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