I. England:

The Glorious

Revolution

Parliament: English lawmaking body.

House of Lords and the House of Commons

Protestant: a Christian who is NOT Catholic

The Church of England: EXACTLY the same

as Catholicism except the head of the

church is the KING (7 sacraments)

A. Monarchs Defy Parliament

1. King James I (Catholic) and King

Charles I (Catholic) both upset

Parliament (lots of Protestants).

2. Charles I signed the Petition of

Right, which limited the monarchy

and protected people’s rights.

*agreed to get their consent to tax

B. The English Civil War

1. After Charles I ignored the petition and continued to upset Parliament, the English Civil War broke out in 1642.

2. Oliver Cromwell led the protestants against the Monarch. He won and became a dictator.

3. Charles I was executed.

C. The Restoration

1. Unhappy with a military rule, Parliament restored the monarchywith King Charles II in 1660 (after Cromwell's death).

2. His brother, King James II’s Catholic beliefs and favoritism upset his subjects.

1. A bloodless overthrow of

James II in 1688 led to the rule

of Protestants Mary and William

of Orange.

2. This was known as the

Glorious Revolution.

D. The Glorious Revolution

E. Limits on Monarch’s Power

1. England became a

constitutional monarchy.

2. The English Bill of Rights

in 1689 listed the things a

ruler could not do and

protected people’s rights.

II.

The American

Revolution

A. American Independence

1. Britain’s American colonies

were upset with King George III

for taxing them.

2. In 1776, Thomas Jefferson

borrowed John Locke’s ideas

and wrote the Declaration of

Independence.

B. The Influence of the

Enlightenment

1. Americans were influenced by Enlightenment

ideas like consent of the governed, natural

rights, separation of powers, democracy, free

speech, religious toleration, rights of the

accused, etc.

C. The American Revolution

1. France under King Louis XVI helped

Americans fight their rival, Britain, in the

American Revolutionary War.

2. Americans shocked the world by winning

their independence in 1783.

D. Americans Create a

Republic

1. The Constitution outlined the

American government’s structure.

2. Using Montesquieu’s ideas, a

federal system of government with

three separate branches and a

system of checks and balances was

created.

D. Americans Create a

Republic

3. Ten amendments known as

the Bill of Rights were added

to the Constitution to provide

protections for the people.

4. Many of these rights came

from Voltaire, Rousseau, and

Locke.