I CAN Explain and differentiate the cognitive attributions List and describe the 5 causes of...
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I CANI CAN
• Explain and differentiate the cognitive attributions
• List and describe the 5 causes of prejudice
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Cognitive attributions are
Cognitive explanations we make for behavior…our own and others
There are 2 of these: fundamental attribution error and self-serving bias
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
1. Fundamental Attribution Error
Tendency to emphasize internal reasons for behavior (dispositions) and ignore external reasons (situations).
In other words, people have a tendency to assume that a person's actions depend on what "kind" of person that person is…
… rather than on the social and environmental forces influencing the person.
2. Self-Serving Bias
Attributional pattern in which one takes credit for success
but denies responsibility for failure
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Prejudice and
Discrimination
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
PrejudicePrejudice
A negative attitude toward an individual based solely on his or her membership in a particular group.
Discrimination
A negative action taken against an individual as a result of his or her group membership….
Or… A preconceived
belief, opinion, or judgment made without ascertaining the facts.
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Causes of Prejudice
In-Group The group with which an individual identifies.
Out-Group Those outside of the group an individual identifies with.
Social Distance The perceived difference or similarity between oneself and another person.
Distancing yourself from someone who you see as unlike those in your in-group…easier to treat them poorly.
1. Dissimilarity and Social Distance1. Dissimilarity and Social Distance
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Causes of Prejudice
2. Economic Competition2. Economic Competition
One group wins economic benefits over another.
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Causes of Prejudice
3. Scapegoating3. Scapegoating
Blaming someone else for one’s own problems
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Causes of Prejudice
4. Conformity to Social Norms4. Conformity to Social Norms
The tendency to maintain conditions the way they are…even if they are unfair.
For example, male CEOs (Heads of corporations) are the norm, so it’s more difficult
for a female to become one.
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Causes of PrejudiceCauses of Prejudice
5. Media Stereotypes5. Media Stereotypes
When the media (films, tv, print, etc ) depicts
stereotyped images of certain groups, it reinforces
prejudicial social norms.
CAN I?CAN I?
• Explain and differentiate the cognitive attributions
• List and describe the 5 causes of prejudice
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007