Hypothyroidism

Maghan Das BscN Student at Institute of Nursing Dow University Of Health Sciences

5th November, 2o12

Maghan Das

By the end of this lecture, the students will be able to:

State the functions of thyroid hormone. Understand the pathologic mechanism

of hypothyroidism interim of : Cretinism Myxedema Hashimoto’s disease

Maghan Das

Thyroid hormone

Thyroid hormone increases the metabolism and protein synthesis in almost all body tissues.

It is also necessary for brain development and growth in infants for 6 months

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Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism can occur as a

Congenital Acquired

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Congenital Hypothyroidism

Causes lack of TSH Abnormal biosynthesis of thyroid hormone

Congenital Hypothyroidism is the cause of preventable mental retardation

It is present at birth The manifestations of untreated is referred as

cretinism

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Conti…

Untreated congenital hypothyroidism impairs body growth and mental retardation

Antithyroid drugs Carbimazole and methimazole can easily cross the placenta and block the fetal thyroid function

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Acquired Hypothyroidism/ Myxedema

Hypothyroidism in adults causes the Myxedema

Slow the metabolic process Non pitting edema It is normal and few sign and symptoms Myedematous coma is life threating Myedematous coma is dysfunction of

thyroid gland

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Conti….

Causes Thyriodectomy Lithium bicarbonate Carbimazole and methimazole Amiodarone

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Myxedema

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Hashimoto’s thyrioditis

Hakaru Hashimoto, a Japanese surgeon working in Berlin, Germany. His report, published in 1912

It is most commonly caused by autoimmune

Thyroid gland may be totally destroyed by immunologic process

It is major cause of goiter and hypothyroidism

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Conti… Fatigue Depression Weight gain Cold intolerance Excessive sleepiness Dry, coarse hair Constipation Dry skin Muscle cramps Increased cholesterol levels Decreased concentration Vague aches and pains Swelling of the legs

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Maghan Das

References:

Porth, M. C. (2002). Pathophysiology: Concepts of Altered Health Sciences. (6th ED). USA:

New York. Lippincott Williams &Wilkins

Maghan Das