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Magnesium

Magnesium is the fourth most abundant cation in the body.

It is important in over 300 reactions in the body. The recommended

daily intake of magnesium is310 to 420 mgdayi. In !merica " #$%are deficientii

Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolic &yndrome is characteri'ed as group of riskfactors (hich increases the risk for coronary heart disease" stroke

and peripheral vascular disease. These risk factors are "hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and a pro-inflammatory

state.

Hypertension

Magnesium (as first recommended as a therapy of

malignant hypertension as early as 1)2*iii. +igh blood pressure hasbeen sho(n to cause endothelial damage (hich leads to

atherosclerosis. ,esearch has sho( there is a change in vascular

smooth muscle tone (ith changes in magnesium. This change is due

to magnesium controlling the intracellular deposition of calcium. Incases (here magnesium is lo( there (ill be an increase in vascular

smooth muscle tone. This results in an increases in peripheral

vascular resistance (hich leads to increased blood pressure. -ne

study found a decrease in both systolic and diastolic pressure by an

average of 12$ mm+g. !ffects seem to occur (ith doses bet(een#00 and 1000mgiv.

Intracellular free magnesium in erythrocytes of essential

hypertension: Relation to blood pressure and serum divalent

cations

Resnick LM, Gupta RK and Laragh JH

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 1!"# $ol !%&cto'er() *+11*+1+.Obective: To investigate if hypertension is linked to abnormalities

of intracellular free magnesium or total serum magnesium levels

free / etracellularSubects:

+ypertensive untreated +i 11

5ormotensive on therapy +i6, $+ypertensive no medical treatment 57 8Method:

lood pressure (as taken and peripheral venous blood (as

dra(n after a night of fasting. &erum magnesium levels (ere

measured using an autoanaly'er. Intracellular free magnesium

(as measured using an 5M, spectrometer. 9alculations (ereused to determine the free magnesium using the information from

the 5M, spectra.Results:Modified from table 1

Group BP (mmHG) Total Mg

meq/L

Free Mg

uM

57 12$:$84:3 1.)2:0.04 2#1:).$

+i 1#*:8102:3; 1.$2:0.04 1)2:$.0;

+i6, 1*0:$$3:1 1.$):0.04 238:8.$

; significance level 0.001 vs. normotensive

+igh blood pressure (ith no treatment has the lo(est

magnesium intracellular free magnesium

5o difference in total Mg

&ystolic correlated negatively (ith intracellular free Mg

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i Fing A = !ltura M. Magnesium dietary intake modulates blood lipid

levels and atherogensis. roc. 5atl. !cad. &ci &!" 1))0? @ol $8March 1$4061$44.vii

7ibby " Maseri !" ,idker . Inflammation and !therosclerosis. -irculation.2002? 10*113*.viii

&chmidt MI"