Hyperplasia
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Transcript of Hyperplasia
HYPERPLASIA
An increase in the number of cells or proliferation of cells.
GROUP 5
Fatima SaifMariya AnjumReema BibiAbdullah
Microscopically cells resembel normal cells but are increased in numbers.
It is a sign of abnormality.It is precancerous stage.
Pathologic Hyperplasia:Increased cell production in a normal tissues.Physiologic Hyperplasia:It can be due to the growth of completely normal cells.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HYPERPLASIA AND HYPERTROPHY
Hyperplasia:An increase in the number of cells.
Hypertrophy:An increase in the size
of cells.
EXAMPLE
Normal hyperplastic response would be
the growth and multiplication of milk
secreting glandular cells as a response
to pregnancy.
CLINICAL FORM OF HYPERPLASIA
1.Prostatic Hyperplasia2.Cushing Disease3.Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia4.Hemihyperplasia5.Endometrial Hyperplasia
1.PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA
An enlarged prostatic means the Gland has grown bigger.
An enlarged prostate is often called Benign Prostatic Hyper.
(BPH).
Prostatic Hyperplasia
2.CUSHING DISEASE
A condition in which Pituitary gland release too much
adrenocortricotropic hormone ACTH.Cushing Disease is a form of Cushing
Syndrome.
Cushing Disease
Cushing Disease
3.CONGENITAL ADRENAL
HYPERPLASIAIt is a collection of genetic
conditions that limits adrenal glands,ability to make certain vital
hormone.
4.HEMIHYPERPLASIAFormerly called Hemihypertrophy.It is a rare disorder in which one
side of the body grows more than other.
Hemihyperplasia
5.ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA
It is a thickening of the lining of the womb,caused by the overgrowth of
the cells that line the womb.It is not cancer.
But in some women it can develop into womb cancer.
HYPERTROPHY
Hypertrophy Increase the organ size. Is the increase in the volume of an organ
or tissue due to the enlargement of its component cells.
Hypertrophy and Hyperplasia
HYPERTROPHY HYPERPLASIA Increase in size of
cells. Occurs only in Cells
WITHOUT the ability to REPLICATE!
Can be Physiologic or Pathologic.
Can Coexist with Hyperplasia.
Increase in no.of cells.
Occurs only in Cells WITH the ability to REPLICATE!
Can be Physiologic or Pathologic.
Can Coexist with Hypertrophy.
Hypertrophy /Hyperplasia Causes
Puberty Pregnancy Drugs: Phenytoin sodium,Anti
seizure/Epilepsy drug Niphedipine:Anti Hypertensive drug Cyclosporine/sandimmune:Anti-rejection drug.
WHAT CAUSES HYPERTROPHY?
1. Hypertrophy caused by an increase in energy substances in the muscle cell (such as creatine and glycogen).
2. Hypertrophy caused by an increase in the diameter of the muscle fiber.
Types of Hypertrophy
PHYSIOLOGIC PATHOLOGIC
Hormone Induced: Hypertrophy of Smooth Muscles .
Disease Inflicted: Hypertrophy of Cardiac Muscles due to “Hypertension”.
Physiologic Hypertrophy
Muscle Hypertrophy
Muscle hypertrophy involves an increase in size of skeletal muscle through an increase in the size of its component cells.
Muscle hypertrophy
Pathologic Hypertrophy
(Cardiac) Cardiac hypertrophy: is a thickening of the heart muscle (myocardium) which results in a decrease in size of the chamber of the heart, including the left and right ventricles.
Cause of cardiac hypertrophy: is high blood pressure (hypertension) . extra work of pumping blood.
Cardiac hypertrophy
ATROPHY
Atrophy
physiological process reabsorption and breakdown
of tissues, involving apoptosis .pathological atrophy loss of trophic support due to other
disease, it is, although it can be a part of normal
body development and homeostasis as well.
Causes of Atrophy
. Causes of atrophy include mutations (which can destroy the gene to build up the organ), 1 poor nourishment, 2 poor circulation, 3 loss of hormonal support, 4 loss of nerve supply to the target organ, 5 excessive amount of apoptosis of cells,
Examples of atrophy
Gland atrophy Vaginal atrophy
Gland atrophy
The adrenal glands atrophy during prolonged
use of exogenous glucocorticoids like prednisone.
Atrophy of the breasts can occur with
prolonged estrogen reduction, as with anorexia nervosa or menopause.
Testicular atrophy with prolonged use of enough exogenous sex steroid (either androgen or estrogen) to reduce gonadotropin secretion
Vaginal Atrophy
Vaginal atrophy, also called atrophic
vaginitis, is thinning, drying and inflammation of the vaginal walls due to your body having less estrogen
Vaginal atrophy occurs after menopause, but it can also develop during breast-feeding or at any other time your body's estrogen production declines
Treatment For Vaginal Atrophy
Simple, effective treatments for vaginal atrophy are available
Reduced estrogen levels result in changes to your body, but it doesn't mean you have to live with the discomfort of vaginal atrophy.
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