Hydrocarbons slideshows

7/24/2019 Hydrocarbons slideshows

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OrganicReactions


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Different ways of writing organic reactions :

Understanding Organic Reactions

Writing Equations for Organic Reactions:

Here, all are needed together.


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When two sequential reactions are carried out without

drawing any inter!ediate co!"ound, the ste"s are

nu!#ered a#o$e or #elow the reaction arrow. %his

con$ention signifies that the first ste" occurs #efore the

second ste", and the reagents are added in sequence.O!itting the nu!#ers !eans they are "resent together.

Understanding OrganicReactions

Writing Equations for Organic Reactions:


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'u#stitution Reactions:

( su#stitutionis a reaction in which an ato! or a

grou" of ato!s is re"laced #y another ato! or

grou" of ato!s.

)elow, * re"laces + on a car#on ato!.

Kinds of OrganicReactions


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'u#stitution reactions in$ol$e #rea-ing one #ond and

for!ing another at the sa!e car#on ato!. n a nucleo"hilic attac-, the grou" that de"arts needs to

ha$e so!e sta#ility to e/ist #y itself 0a wea- #ase.

inds of Organic Reactions

'u#stitution Reactions:


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Eli!inationis a reaction in which ele!ents of the

starting !aterial are 4lost5 and a #ond is for!ed. Water is frequently an eli!inated co!"onent.


Eli!ination Reactions:


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n an eli!ination reaction, two grou"s 7 and * arere!o$ed fro! a starting !aterial.

%wo #onds are #ro-en, and a #ond is for!ed #etween

ad8acent ato!s. %he !ost co!!on e/a!"les of eli!ination occur when 7

9 H and * is a heteroato! !ore electronegati$e than

car#on.


Eli!ination Reactions:


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(dditionis a reaction in which ele!ents are added to

the starting !aterial. 0O""osite of eli!ination.


(ddition Reactions:


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n an addition reaction, new grou"s 7 and

* are added to the starting !aterial. (

#ond is #ro-en and two #onds are

for!ed.


(ddition Reactions:


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