Hybrid Synergy Drive
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Transcript of Hybrid Synergy Drive
Hybrid Synergy Drive - HSD
Sanjeev Prasad. MCAE- 09
Outline The Environmental Issues What is a Hybrid Vehicle? History of the Hybrid Hybrid efficiency Myths about Hybrids Hybrid Line-up Hybrids in Fleets The Future of Hybrid Technology
Mobility on a grand scale
Challenges, also on a grand scale
The Call to Action“There is no future for the automotive industry
without the promotion of environmental technology. Toyota is convinced that only
companies that succeed in this area will be acceptable to society.”
Fujio ChoChairman, Toyota Motor Corporation
The Reality
“The new social priorities of the emerging era will call for radically new approaches to vehicles. Automakers have to address the issue of co-existence with society, particularly in relation to environmental preservation and safety…”
Hiroshi OkudaChairmanToyota Motor Corp., Japan,
2004
Environmental Commitment Toyota is a world leader in producing advanced technology
vehicles that are environmentally friendly. Toyota vehicles are consistently among the winners of
EnerGuide’s most fuel efficient vehicle in class awards. Landfill Diversion & Recycling
Reduced landfill waste by 85% at TCI headquarters Recycle 95% of packaging and parts at vehicle processing
and parts distribution centres Environmental and Community Partnerships
Toyota Earth Day ScholarshipToyota Evergreen Learning Grounds
A significant and growing percentage of customers indicate a willingness to buy an environmentally friendly vehicle
If, and only if, all other attributes are EQUAL
or Better
Technology Design Objectives Significant fuel economy improvement.
Major reduction in exhaust emissions.
No new infrastructure needs (e.g. fuelling stations).
No perceived difference by customer in vehicle performance, handling, etc.
A competitive price to encourage adoption.
What is a Hybrid Vehicle?
What is a Hybrid System?
Fusion between an internal combustion engine and electric motor—achieving different functions through different power combinations.
Automobile hybrid systems combine two
motive power sources, such as an internal combustion engine and an electric motor.
Hybrid Synergy Drive (HSD)
Components in HSD Nickel-metal battery –
50 kW, 273.6 Volts, 6.5 A·h capacity and weighing 53.3 kg IC Engine –
1.8L, 4 Cylinder, Petrol Engine Power Split and Control Device
Planetary GearsAC/DC Inverter
Motor Generator I Motor Generator II
HSD Features Idle Stop/Start Regenerative Braking Electric-only mode (Engine off) Power boost Self-charging battery (nickel-metal hybrid) Low Emissions Low Fuel Consumption
Working
History of the Hybrid1959-
Henney Kilowatt was the first transistor-based electric car
1990s- automotive hybrid technology
became successful when the Honda Insight & Toyota Prius became available
2000s- saw development of plug-in hybrid
electric vehicles
Types of HSD SERIES HYBRID SYSTEM
The engine drives a generator, and an electric motor uses this generated electricity to drive the wheels. This is called a series hybrid system because the power flows to the wheels in series, i.e., the engine power and the motor power are in series.
PARALLEL HYBRID SYSTEM
In a parallel hybrid system, both the engine and the electric motor drive the wheels, and the drive power from these two sources can be utilized according to the prevailing conditions.
SERIES-PARALLEL HYBRID SYSTEM
This system combines the series hybrid system with the parallel hybrid system in order to maximize the benefits of both systems.
Comparison
Characteristics of Hybrid Systems
ENERGY-LOSS REDUCTIONThe system automatically stops the idling of the
engine (idling stop), thus reducing the energy thatwould normally be wasted.
ENERGY RECOVERY AND REUSEThe energy that would normally be wasted as
heat during deceleration and braking is recovered aselectrical energy, which is then used to power thestarter and the electric motor.
MOTOR ASSISTThe electric motor assists the engine during
acceleration. HIGH-EFFICIENCY OPERATION CONTROL
The system maximizes the vehicle’s overallefficiency by using the electric motor to run the vehicleunder operating conditions in which the engine’sefficiency is low and by generating electricity underoperating conditions in which the engine’s efficiency is high.
Engine and Motor Operation
Hybrid Synergy Drive (HSD)
Hybrid Synergy Drive Benefits
CLEAN: Reduced Exhaust Emissions• Better air quality, minimizes adverse health effects
EFFICIENT: Reduced Fuel Consumption• Lower operating cost, less CO2, less oil consumption
POWERFUL: More Fun to drive• Quicker 0-100 km/h, immediate response, increased
torque
Combinations of the Above
Midsize Vehicle Fuel Consumption
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
CO
2 E
mis
sio
ns
(kg
/yr)
Prius Camry Best 2005 Midsize(Diesel)
Midsize Ave (Gas)
Vehicle
4.1
L/1
00
km
5.7
L/10
0 km
7.2
L/10
0 km
8.6
L/10
0 km
Prius: Δ 620 L/yr (Best 2005 Midsize Diesel)
Δ 900 L/yr (Midsize 4 cyl Avg Gas)
Camry: Δ 300 L/yr (Best 2005 Midsize Diesel)
Δ 580 L/yr (Midsize 4 cyl Avg Gas)
Special Purpose Vehicle Fuel Consumption
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
CO
2 E
mis
sio
ns
RX400H Highlander Hybrid V6 Average (Gas) V8 Average (Gas)
Vehicle
7.8
L/10
0 km
7.8
L/10
0 km
11.9
L/1
00 k
m
RX 400h / Highlander Hybrid
Δ 820 L/yr V6 Avg (Gas)
Δ 1400 L/yr V8 Avg (Gas)
14.8
L/1
00 k
m
Electric cars are NOT “zero emissions” vehicles…
… because power generation creates emissions!
Mining coal Transporting coal Burning coal
Hybrids have the best Well-to-Wheel efficiency today
Well-to-Wheel Efficiency
Well-to-Wheel Efficiency
Hybrid Myths• Hybrids pose a threat to first responders
The brightly-colored orange wires are heavily protected and run underneath the floor in the center of the vehicle. Rescue workers can cut through any door or even a window-area without any fear of coming in contact with them.
• Hybrid vehicles need to be plugged-in Never! You never plug in the battery-pack. The engine
and regenerative braking provide the necessary electricity.• Hybrid Batteries need to be replaced
There have been no failures in service to date and there is an 8 year / 160,000 km warrantee on all hybrid components.
Contd…• Hybrids are small and underpowered
As explained in the last couple of slides, this is simply not the case. Hybrids out-perform their conventional counterparts and often come equipped with features not found on other models.
• Electromagnetic Fields in hybrids are harmful to human health EMFs inside and outside of Toyota hybrids are at the
same low levels as conventional gasoline vehicles. Therefore there are no additional health risks to drivers, passengers or by-standers.
• Hybrids are only about improving fuel economy In addition to improved fuel efficiency, hybrid vehicles
produce less smog forming emissions, and offer improved performance.
Test Drive Comparison
Future Hybrid Applications
Toyota's Hybrid TechnologyToyota's Hybrid TechnologyPriusPrius FCHVFCHV
ICE Hybrid Vehicle (Prius)ICE Hybrid Vehicle (Prius) Toyota Fuel Cell Hybrid VehicleToyota Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle
Engine
Motor
Fuel Cell
Motor
Power Control Unit
Power Control Unit
SecondaryBattery
SecondaryBattery
Hybrids can be integrated into all power train configurations, regardless of the power source.
Conclusion
Reducing wasted energy Reducing the size & power of the ICE engine Energy Efficient Sustainable use of Non- renewable energy
resources Eco-friendly
Reference
www.toyota.com/hybrids www.toyotacanada.ca www.hybridsynergydrive.co.za www.howstuffworks.com www.wikipedia.com www.hybridworld.com
Question???
Thank You….