Humanism. Whats the big idea(s)? What is Humanism? What was its influence and significance? How was...
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Humanism
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What’s the big idea(s)?
What is Humanism?What was its influence and
significance?How was Humanism a
reflection of the notion of “Renaissance?
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Aspects of Renaissance
Dignity of humankind
Individualism
Secular as valuable or of import
Development of historical scholarship
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Humanism as an Intellectual Pursuit
Study of Latin and Greek classics for their own sake and preservation of church
Liberal arts:grammar
rhetoric
poetry
history
politics &
moral philosophy
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Humanism as having Social Application
Aim to apply liberal arts to an in-the-world purpose
Civic Humanism
Christian Humanism
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Francesco Petrarch (1304-1374)
“Father of Humanism”
Scholar
Read Cicero & commentary
Coined the term “Dark Ages”
Author:
Letters to the Ancient Dead
Lives of Illustrious Men
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Petrarch continuedFirst modern writer
used writing “to consider the ebb and flow of his life and the human condition.”
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Giovanni Bocaccio (1313-1375)From Florence
“Decameron”
100 tales of the human condition
10 each told by 7 women and 3 males
Also assembled encyclopedia of Greek and Roman mythology
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Dante AlighieriVita Nuova
Divine Comedy
Inferno
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Lorenzo VallaPhilologist-the use of words & language
Sees a God as Creator
Denounced authenticity of “Donation of Constantine”
Argued for notion of Free Will
Questioned levels of obedience and asceticism in religious orders
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Leonardo Bruni 1370-1444
Chancellor of Republic of Florence
Wrote first modern history
History of the Florentine People
narrative account of Florence
Use of authentic sources
Discussion of other historical periods as context
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Niccolo MachiavelliThe Prince (1513) a Political Science work observing how governments rule without morals (dedicated to Lorenzo Medici)
Italian City-States as models
“The end justifies the means”
“It’s better to be feared than loved”
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Baldassare Castiglione 1478-1529
Wrote The Book of the Courtier
Gentleman raised for civil company
poised and well-dressed
skilled in arms and sports
capable of making music, conversation
reader of the classics
good
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The Book of the Courtier, continued
Social mixer who is good-humored, light-hearted and considerate of others’ feelings
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What were the Humanists’ aspirations?