Human Relationship Theories - WordPress.com file03/02/2010 · Human Relationship Theories...
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Transcript of Human Relationship Theories - WordPress.com file03/02/2010 · Human Relationship Theories...
![Page 1: Human Relationship Theories - WordPress.com file03/02/2010 · Human Relationship Theories DienAnshari, S.Sos., ... hal-hal yang menyebabkan pertukaran adalah Rewards (ganjaran), ...](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062402/5d1b86b888c993656e8df446/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Human Relationship TheoriesDien Anshari, S.Sos., M.Si.School of Public HealthUniversity of Indonesia
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1.Attraction theory
2.Social penetration theory
3.Social exchange
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Attraction Theory
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Attraction
theory
People form
relationships on
the basis of four
major factors:
Similarity: people like those who are
similar to them in nationality, race,
abilities, physical characteristics,
intelligence and attitudes (Pornpitakpan,
2003).
Proximity: people attract to others in
physical closeness.
Reinforcement: people attract to others
who give rewards or reinforcements.
Physical attractiveness and
personality: it is easier to like someone
that is physically and personally attractive.
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Social Penetration Theory
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Social penetration theory
A theory of what happens when relationships do
develop. This theory describes relationships in terms
of the number of topics that people talk about and their
degree of “personalness” (Altman & Taylor, 1973):
The breadth of a relationship: the number
of topics you and your partner talk about.
The depth of a relationship: the degree to
which you penetrate the inner personality
of the other individual.
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Social Exchange Theory Social Exchange Theory
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• This theory explains social change and
stability as a process of negotiated
exchanges between parties.
• all human relationships are formed by the
use of a subjective cost-benefit analysis
and the comparison of alternatives.
• For example, when a person perceives the
costs of a relationship as outweighing the
perceived benefits, then the theory
predicts that the person will choose to
leave the relationship.
What is Social Exchange theory?
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Social Exchange theory explains how we feel
about a relationship with another person as
depending on our perceptions of:
� The balance between what we put into
the relationship and what we get out of
it.
� The kind of relationship we deserve.
� The chances of having a better
relationship with someone else.
What is Social Exchange theory?
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Gambaran pertukaran
Thibault & Kelley (1952) mengemukakan
hal-hal yang menyebabkan pertukaran
adalah Rewards (ganjaran), Cost (biaya),
Outcome (hasil), Comparison Level
(pembanding) & CL alternatif.
� Outcome = Rewards – Cost
� Rewards > Cost = Outcome > CL > CLalt
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Gambaran kepuasan, stabilitas &
dependensi
1. Outcome > CL > CLalt
2. Outcome > CLalt > CL
3. CLalt > Outcome > CL
4. CLalt > CL > Outcome
5. CL > CLalt > Outcome
6. CL > Outcome > CLalt
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Referensi
Richard Nelson-Jones. 2006. Human Relationship Skills.
Routledge.
Joseph DeVito. (2004). Fundamentals of human
communication. McGraw-Hill, Inc.