Human Genetic Engineering

Megan Ritchie, Jonathan Meyers, and Elizabeth Berry

Definition and How it Works

The science of manipulating or controlling genes and genetic combinations

Extracting DNA and placing it in someone else

Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosishttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8eprl7c0rks

Pros

-Avoiding Diseases

-Longer Life Expectancy

- Better Pharmaceuticals

Cons

- Safety

- Ethical Issues

- Limits Genetic Diversity

-Genetic Discrimination

Ethical Issues

Social

From debate.org - 54% say ethical, 46% say unethical

Religion

Diversity

Countries

● Countries that have banned HGM

- Australia

- Brazil

- Canada

- South Korea

- Italy

- (many others)

● Countries that allow HGM

- Russia

- Chile

- Argentina

- South Africa

- Colombia

From the Business Insider http://www.businessinsider.com/china-edited-human-genome-laws-2015-4

Gene Therapy

The treatment of a disease by altering the genes already inside of a person to halt the disease

Ways this is done:

Replacing mutated genes

Removing the defective gene and replacing it with a working copy

Fixing mutated genes

Turning on/off certain genes to stop/protect against the disease

Making disease cells evident

Training the immune system to attack the disease causing agent

Designer Babies

●Genetic Disease

○ Fatal

○ Nonfatal

●Sex Determination

○ Sex-linked disease

●Phenotype Characteristics

●Abilities

○ Preset to excel in desired areas

Human Genome Project

noun:

-a federally funded U.S. scientific project to identify both the genes and the entire sequence of DNA base pairs that make up the human genome

-originated in 1985-1990

what they do:

-provided information on the human genes, their structure, their organization, and where they are located.

First Confirmed Engineered Embryo

Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou

Thalassaemia

Genetic blood disorder

Less hemoglobin and fewer red blood cells than average

Unexpected mutations occurred

ethics

Treatment-other than genetic engineering

Blood transfusions

Stem cell transplants

CitationsArnold, Paul. Bright Hub. N.p., n.d. Web.

Friedman, Lauren F. "These Are the Countries Where It's 'legal' to Edit Human Embryos (hint: The US Is One)." Business Insider.Business Insider, Inc, 23 Apr. 2015. Web. 12 Nov. 2015.

Knapton, Sarah. "China Shocks World by Genetically Engineering Human Embryos." The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group, 23 Apr. 2015. Web. 12 Nov. 2015.

www.mayoclinic.org

Uman Being. "Human Genetics Alert." Genetic Modification:This Time It’s Personal The Case Against Genetic Modification of (n.d.): n.pag. Web.

"Is Human Genetic Engineering Ethical?" Is Human Genetic Engineering Ethical? N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Nov. 2015.

"What Did the Human Genome Project Accomplish?" Genetics Home Reference. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Nov. 2015.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8eprl7c0rks