Human Computer Interaction - School of Information...
Transcript of Human Computer Interaction - School of Information...
Human Computer InteractionHuman Computer Interaction 11
Human Computer InteractionHuman Computer Interaction
Prepared ByPrepared ByDhiren ParmarDhiren Parmar
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OutlineOutline
What is HCIWhat is HCIHistoryHistoryWhat is Human, Computer and InteractionWhat is Human, Computer and InteractionGoalsGoalsCognitionCognitionUser Interaction DesignUser Interaction DesignInteraction StylesInteraction StylesInteraction DevicesInteraction DevicesFutureFutureConclusionConclusion
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What is Human Computer What is Human Computer InteractionInteraction
“Human-computer interaction is a discipline concerned with the design, evaluation and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them”
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HistoryHistory
• 1945 – MEMEX by Vanevar Bush
• 1963 – SketchPad and Light Pen by Ivan Sutherland
• 1964 – Mouse by Douglas Engelbart
• 1973 – Alto by Xerox PARK
• 1983 – Apple Lisa
• 1987 – Windows
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(Source – Georgia Tech HCI)
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HumanHumanHumans are limited in their capacity to process information. This has important implications for Design
Information is received and responses given via a number of input and output channels:
• Visual Channel
• Auditory Channel
• Haptic Channel
• Movement
Information is stored in memory:
• Sensory Memory
• Working Memory
• Long-Term Memory
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ComputerComputerThere is not much difference in Human and Computer
Computer consist of
• Input Devices
• Output Devices
• Memory
• Processing
Computer can be Mobile, Spacecraft Cockpit, Microwave Oven or VCRs etc.
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InteractionInteractionHCI is concerned with joint performance of Task by Human & Computer
Communication between The User and The System
Physical Interaction
• Interaction Devices
Conceptual Interaction
• Interaction Styles
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GoalsGoalsThe main goal of HCI is Usability
“It is a measure of the effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction with which specified user can achieve specified goals in a particular environment”
A usable System is:
• Easy to Learn
• Easy to Remember how to Use
• Effective to Use
• Efficient to Use
• Safe to Use
• Enjoyable To Use
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CognitionCognitionCognition is the processing of information
It includes:
• Perception
• Attention
• Pattern Matching
• Memory
• Language Processing
• Decision Making
• Problem Solving
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The Model Human ProcessorThe Model Human Processor
The model human processor consists of three interacting systems. Each has its own memory and processor.
Perceptual processor• Outputs into audio storage • Outputs into visual storage
Cognitive processor• Outputs into working memory. • Has access to:
Working memoryLong term memory
Motor processor• Carries out actions
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Cognition Conti.Cognition Conti.
Human Information Processing
• Information Processing Capabilities
• Cognitive Requirement of Various Tasks
• Characterize the information processing of a user
Three Main Cognitive Challenges
• Conceptual Complexity
• Memory Load
• Attention
Distributed Cognition
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User Interaction DesignUser Interaction Design
• Data Collection
• Data Analysis
• User Modeling
• Design
• Prototyping
• Evaluation
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(Re)Design
Identify needs/establish requirements
Evaluate
Build an interactive version
Final product
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Interaction StylesInteraction Styles
• Command Line Interface
• Menus
• Question & Answer Dialogue
• Form-Fill Interface
• WIMP
• Direct Manipulation
• Natural Language
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Interaction DevicesInteraction DevicesInput Devices
• Keyboards
• Mouse, Trackballs, Touch Pads
• Touch Screens
• Speech Input
• 3D trackers, 3D Mouse
Output Devices
• Screens
• Printers
• Sound Output
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FutureFuture
• Artificial Intelligent
• Virtual Reality
• New Interface Devices
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(Source - Input Output Devices, UCL)
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ConclusionConclusion
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ReferencesReferences
1. A brief history of Human Computer Interaction Technology, Brad A. Myers
2. Introduction to HCI, Matthias Rauterberg
3. Human Computer Interaction, Keith Andrews
4. Human Computer Interaction, 2nd Edition, Alan Dix
5. Cognitive Architectures and HCI, Wayne D. Gary, Richard M. Young
6. Usability Design, Jan Gulliksen
7. Future of HCI, Michael H. Coen
8. HCI, Nicky Danino
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