Human-Computer Interaction: Adaptation, Distribution, Evaluation

Human-Computer Interaction:Adaptation, Distribution, Evaluation

Jean Vanderdonckt

Louvain School of Management (LSM)

Université catholique de Louvain (UCL)Place des Doyens, 1 – 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve (Belgium)

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

Who is talking?

Jean VANDERDONCKT

• Researcher in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) since 1988

• Full professor at UCL, Past President of LSM Research Institute

• Co-editor-in-Chief of Springer HCI Series: www.springer.com/series/6033

• Co-editor-in-Chief of SpringerBriefs in HCI: www.springer.com/series/15580

• Associate Editor of ACM TiiS: http://tiis.acm.org/editorial.cfm

• Associate Editor of KAIS: http://www.springer.com/computer/information+systems+and+applications/journal/10115

• Adv. Board of Interacting with Computers: http://iwc.oxfordjournals.org/

• Coordinator of the UsiXML Consortium: www.usixml.org

3Première Ecole de Printemps Interaction Homme-Machine Réalité Virtuelle & Augmentée IVAR'2017

(Alger, 23-25 April 2017)

http://www.springer.com/series/6033

http://www.springer.com/series/15580

http://tiis.acm.org/editorial.cfm

http://www.springer.com/computer/information+systems+and+applications/journal/10115

http://iwc.oxfordjournals.org/

http://www.usixml.org/

Who is talking?

• Google Scholar: http://scholar.google.com/citations?user=U-FgGrkAAAAJ

• LinkedIn Profile: http://www.linkedin.com/in/jeanvdd

• DBLP: http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/pers/hd/v/Vanderdonckt:Jean

• Microsoft Academic: https://academic.microsoft.com/#/detail/2284081945

• Academia Profile: http://uclouvain.academia.edu/JeanVanderdonckt

• ResearchGate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jean_Vanderdonckt2

• YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=usixml

• Slides: http://www.slideshare.net/jeanvdd

• Books: https://www.amazon.com/Jean-Vanderdonckt/e/B01640UKYK



http://scholar.google.com/citations?user=U-FgGrkAAAAJ

http://www.linkedin.com/in/jeanvdd

http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/pers/hd/v/Vanderdonckt:Jean

https://academic.microsoft.com/#/detail/2284081945

http://uclouvain.academia.edu/JeanVanderdonckt

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jean_Vanderdonckt2

http://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=usixml

http://www.slideshare.net/jeanvdd

https://www.amazon.com/Jean-Vanderdonckt/e/B01640UKYK

What is adaptation?

• “The idea of an adaptive interface is straightforward. Simply, it means that the interface should adapt to the user; rather than the user adapting to the system”

• Adaptation consists in transforming different aspects of the systems in different levels, according to the context of use– For example: concerning the presentation, the contrast can

be adapted according to the preference of the user

• How to consider all the possible dimensions, levelsand contexts?

Première Ecole de Printemps Interaction Homme-Machine Réalité Virtuelle & Augmentée IVAR'2017 (Alger, 23-25 April 2017)

5

Norcio and Stanley, Adaptive Human-Computer Interfaces: A literature survey and perspectives, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and

Cybernetics, Vol 19, n 2, March/April, 1989

Why to adapt?

• ‘One size does not fit all’• Different contexts of use with different

– Users• Age, impairments, preferences, profiles…

– Platforms• Mobile phones, laptops, desktops, idTV…

– Environments• Levels of light, noise, temperature…

• A context of use: C=(U, P, E)


6

Calvary, G., Coutaz, J., Thevenin, D., Limbourg, Q., Bouillon, L., Vanderdonckt, J.,

A Unifying Reference Framework for Multi-Target User Interfaces, Interacting with Computers, Vol. 15, No. 3, June 2003, pp. 289-308.

http://www.isys.ucl.ac.be/bchi/publications/2001/Grolaux-DSVIS2001.pdf

Interactive Software evolution: context of use =(U,P,E)

7

time

Platform

User

Environment

Language

What is the situation today?


Diversity of Users

• Able-bodied users

• People with disabilities

– Visual

– Motor

– Cognitive


8

Diversity of Users

• Virtual User Modeling and Simulation (VUMS)


9

http://www.veritas-project.eu/

Variety of Tasks

• Taxonomy of canonical task types


10

González-Calleros, J.M., Guerrero-García, J., Vanderdonckt, J., Muñoz-Arteaga, J., Towards Canonical Task Types for User Interface Design, Proc. of LA-Web/CLIHC'2009

[Forrester Research,2003]

Multiple Interaction Preferences

• Users want to determine their own path on each platform


11

Heterogeneous Platforms


12

http://wurfl.sourceforge.net/


13

Heterogeneous Platforms

Many Contexts of Use

Location Role Device Experience

Sporting Music selection, clips

Working Travel booking site

Powerful interface for complex operations

Driving Trafic, weather notification

Everywhere connectivity for simple data exchange

Playing Games

TV is multi-media family device #1


14

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.idealbodiesonline.com/images/gym_pics/In the gym-Biceps2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.idealbodiesonline.com/mystory.htm&h=202&w=280&sz=10&tbnid=uRs_PFdFw1kJ:&tbnh=78&tbnw=109&hl=en&start=8&prev=/images?q=Gym&hl=en&lr=&sa=G

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.idealbodiesonline.com/images/gym_pics/In the gym-Biceps2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.idealbodiesonline.com/mystory.htm&h=202&w=280&sz=10&tbnid=uRs_PFdFw1kJ:&tbnh=78&tbnw=109&hl=en&start=8&prev=/images?q=Gym&hl=en&lr=&sa=G

15

• The specialization of Norman’s model for adaptation

results into the ISATINE framework:

Goals for user

Interface adaptation

Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

output adaptation

Specification

of adaptation

Shape of an

input adaptation

Shape of an

output adaptation

Application of

adaptation

INterpretation

of evaluation

Initiative for

adaptation

Evaluation

of adaptation

Interactive

System

Transition with

adaptation

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in input

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in input

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in output

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in output

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

xecution

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

valu

atio

n

Goals for user


Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

output adaptation

Specification

of adaptation

Shape of an

input adaptation

Shape of an

output adaptation

Application of

adaptation

INterpretation

of evaluation

Initiative for

adaptation

Evaluation

of adaptation

Interactive

System

Interactive

System

Transition with

adaptation

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in input

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in input

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in output

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in output

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

xecution

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

valu

atio

n

1U, S or a T maintains

up-to-date a series of

goals to ensure user

interface adaptation

THE ISATINE FRAMEWORK


López-Jaquero, V., Vanderdonckt, J., Montero, F., González, P., Towards an Extended Model of User Interface Adaptation: the ISATINE framework, Proc. of EIS’2007

Goals for user


Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

output adaptation

Specification

of adaptation

Shape of an

input adaptation

Shape of an

output adaptation

Application of

adaptation

INterpretation

of evaluation

Initiative for

adaptation

Evaluation

of adaptation

Interactive

System

Transition with

adaptation

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in input

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in input

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in output

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in output

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

xecution

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

valu

atio

n

Goals for user


Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

output adaptation

Specification

of adaptation

Shape of an

input adaptation

Shape of an

output adaptation

Application of

adaptation

INterpretation

of evaluation

Initiative for

adaptation

Evaluation

of adaptation

Interactive

System

Interactive

System

Transition with

adaptation

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in input

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in input

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in output

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in output

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

xecution

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

valu

atio

n



Adaptation request

Detection of

adaptation need

Notification for

adaptation request

2



16

Goals for user


Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

output adaptation

Specification

of adaptation

Shape of an

input adaptation

Shape of an

output adaptation

Application of

adaptation

INterpretation

of evaluation

Initiative for

adaptation

Evaluation

of adaptation

Interactive

System

Transition with

adaptation

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in input

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in input

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in output

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in output

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

xecution

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

valu

atio

n

Goals for user


Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

output adaptation

Specification

of adaptation

Shape of an

input adaptation

Shape of an

output adaptation

Application of

adaptation

INterpretation

of evaluation

Initiative for

adaptation

Evaluation

of adaptation

Interactive

System

Interactive

System

Transition with

adaptation

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in input

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in input

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in output

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in output

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

xecution

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

valu

atio

n



3

Specification by

demonstration

Specification by

demonstration

Specification by

definition



17

Goals for user


Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

output adaptation

Specification

of adaptation

Shape of an

input adaptation

Shape of an

output adaptation

Application of

adaptation

INterpretation

of evaluation

Initiative for

adaptation

Evaluation

of adaptation

Interactive

System

Transition with

adaptation

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in input

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in input

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in output

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in output

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

xecution

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

valu

atio

n

Goals for user


Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

output adaptation

Specification

of adaptation

Shape of an

input adaptation

Shape of an

output adaptation

Application of

adaptation

INterpretation

of evaluation

Initiative for

adaptation

Evaluation

of adaptation

Interactive

System

Interactive

System

Transition with

adaptation

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in input

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in input

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in output

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in output

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

xecution

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

valu

atio

n



This stage specifies

which entity will apply the

adaptation specified in

the previous stage

4



18

Goals for user


Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

output adaptation

Specification

of adaptation

Shape of an

input adaptation

Shape of an

output adaptation

Application of

adaptation

INterpretation

of evaluation

Initiative for

adaptation

Evaluation

of adaptation

Interactive

System

Transition with

adaptation

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in input

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in input

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in output

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in output

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

xecution

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

valu

atio

n

Goals for user


Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

output adaptation

Specification

of adaptation

Shape of an

input adaptation

Shape of an

output adaptation

Application of

adaptation

INterpretation

of evaluation

Initiative for

adaptation

Evaluation

of adaptation

Interactive

System

Interactive

System

Transition with

adaptation

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in input

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in input

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in output

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in output

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

xecution

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

valu

atio

n



This stage specifies which

entity will ensure a smooth

transition between the UI

before and after adaptation

5



19

Goals for user


Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

output adaptation

Specification

of adaptation

Shape of an

input adaptation

Shape of an

output adaptation

Application of

adaptation

INterpretation

of evaluation

Initiative for

adaptation

Evaluation

of adaptation

Interactive

System

Transition with

adaptation

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in input

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in input

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in output

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in output

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

xecution

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

valu

atio

n

Goals for user


Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

output adaptation

Specification

of adaptation

Shape of an

input adaptation

Shape of an

output adaptation

Application of

adaptation

INterpretation

of evaluation

Initiative for

adaptation

Evaluation

of adaptation

Interactive

System

Interactive

System

Transition with

adaptation

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in input

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in input

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in output

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in output

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

xecution

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

valu

atio

n



This stage specifies which

entity will produce meaningful

information in order to facilitate

the understanding of the

adaptation to the other entities

6



20

Goals for user


Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

output adaptation

Specification

of adaptation

Shape of an

input adaptation

Shape of an

output adaptation

Application of

adaptation

INterpretation

of evaluation

Initiative for

adaptation

Evaluation

of adaptation

Interactive

System

Transition with

adaptation

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in input

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in input

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in output

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in output

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

xecution

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

valu

atio

n

Goals for user


Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

input adaptation

Meaning of an

output adaptation

Specification

of adaptation

Shape of an

input adaptation

Shape of an

output adaptation

Application of

adaptation

INterpretation

of evaluation

Initiative for

adaptation

Evaluation

of adaptation

Interactive

System

Interactive

System

Transition with

adaptation

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in input

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in input

Adaptation

semantic

distance

in output

Adaptation

articulatory

distance

in output

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

xecution

Gulf o

f adapta

tion e

valu

atio

n


results into the ISATINE framework:This stage specifies the

entity responsible for

evaluating the quality of

the adaptation performed7



21

Definitions

• Multi-target user interface

– Support different contexts of use

• Plastic

• Adaptive

• Adaptable


22

Plastic user interface

• Example: the Virtual keyboard

Donatien Grolaux, Peter Van Roy, Jean Vanderdonckt:

QTk - A Mixed Declarative/Procedural Approach for Designing Executable User Interfaces, Proc. of EHCI’2001


23

http://www.isys.ucl.ac.be/bchi/publications/2001/Grolaux-DSVIS2001.pdf

Plastic User interface

• Property of plasticity = adaptation to the context of use while satisfying predefined usability properties of interest


24

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bCW9CjaDQAA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bCW9CjaDQAA

Plasticity


25

• NOKIA plastic interface for remote control

Heikki Keränen & Johan Plomp,Adaptive Runtime Layout of Hierarchical UI Components, Proc. of NordiCHI’2002

Adaptivity x Adaptability

• Adaptivity

– Automatic

– Adaptive systems

• Adaptability

– Manually

– Adaptable systems

• Complementary approach

– Mixed-initiative


26

PersonalizationX Customization

• Personalization

– Occurs when the system is adapted regarding user characteristics

• Customization

– Occurs when the users are able to modify the application according to their needs

• Both concepts can be considered as a subset of adaptation


27

Graceful degradation

[Florins & Vanderdonckt,2004]

http://www.isys.ucl.ac.be/bchi/publications/2004/Florins-IUI2004.pdf

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wIEozUKTQeg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wIEozUKTQeg

Transformation rules

Add all >>

Add >

<< Remove all

< Remove

>>

>

<<

<

>

<

Group box

Item 1

Item 2

Item 3Item 4

Item 5

Item 6

Item 7Item 8

Item 1Item 2

Item 3

Item 4Item 5

Item 6

Item 7

Item 1

Item 1

Item 2

Item 3

Item 4

Item 5

Item 6

Item 7

• Alternate widgets for the same selection

Ja

nu

ary

Feb

rua

ryM

arc

hA

pril

Ma

yJu

ne

Ju

lyA

ug

ust

Se

pte

mb

er

Octo

be

rN

ove

mb

er

De

cem

ber

J F M A M J J A S O N D



• Alternate widgets for the same selection

31

January February March

Jan Feb Mar Apr Ma

Mar


The Painter’s palette


32

+ =

Digital Painter’s palette


33

Useful area is waisted!


34

Migration• Problem: how to design a UI that adapts to

multiple displays?

Pencil

Palette

Painting

Painting

tool

[Grolaux & Vanderdonckt,2005]


35

http://www.isys.ucl.ac.be/bchi/publications/2005/Grolaux-Interact2005.pdf

Migration



https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PYYIln6inS4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PYYIln6inS4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3mOch0es94g

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3mOch0es94g

Migration



UI Migration: DEMIPLAT

• Detach




• Detach - Migrate




• Detach - Migrate - Plastify




• Detach - Migrate - Plastify - Attach



This is not a floating toolbar

Process



Computer B

Process

This is migration !

Process

Computer A



Adaptation: Resources

• Many different resources can be subject to adaptation– Content

• Images

• Audio

• Video

• Text

• Widgets

– Presentation

– Navigation


44

Taxonomy – User Context

User

Personal Information

Age Gender Nationality LanguageInstruction

Level

Primary School

Secondary School

High School

Graduation

Post-Graduation

Biometric Information

Weight

Height

Fingerprint

Voice Sample

Iris

Head Diameter

Impairments

Sight

Myopia

Color

Blindness

Blind

Auditory Motor Cognitive

Technological Background

Novice user

Intermediary

Advanced

Preferences

Language

Color

Interaction

Mean

Performance

Modality

Media Type

Emotions

Anxious

Relaxed

Happy

Sad

Status

Online

Offline

Invisible

Stationary

Moving


45

Adapting the Presentation

AttachAugmentCollapse to ZoomDetachDistributionFish eyeFull-screenMigrationMirroringNo-scriptOptimize

Overview+DetailPrintRe-distributionRe-moldingRe-sizeReplaceSingle columnTextBox Expansion


46

Adapting the Navigation

Accessible NavigationAnnotation of LinksAlphabetical OrganizationAlternative NavigationChronological OrganizationCategorizationDirect GuidanceGeneration of LinksHiding of LinksHierarchical Organization (within a page)

application)Linear StructureMap AdaptationMesh StructurePopularity-based OrganizationSearchSimplify Input ControlsSorting of LinksSuggestion of Links


47

Conditional TextDirectionFrame BasedFilteringPersonalizeStretchSuggestion (Recommendation)Re-size

Adapting the Contents


48

Type

Taille

Couleur

Format

Film Image texte

24 bit 8 bit 256 C Echelle de gris Noir et blanc

BMP JPEG GIF (256c)

description

de l’image

9x6 pxls

Résolution

7x5 pxls 6x 3,5 pxls 3x 2,1 pxls

200x200 pxls 100x100 pxls 20x20 pxls

Compression

...Toncatureciblée sur le visage

Speed

Quality + -

+-

Adaptation Rules

First order: direct commands

Second order: govern first-order adaptation rules

Third order: adaptation strategies to promote or demote sets of second-order rules

if (platform = ‘mobile’)

then replace a radio box

by a drop-down list

prefer R1, than R2 if (user = ‘expert’) then

reverse the order of

“prefer R1, than R2”

if (platform = ‘mobile’)

and (entries are limited)

then

replace a radio box with

an edit field with codes


49

Context-Aware Design Space

Task

Domain

User

Interaction object

Device

Computing platform

Physical environment

Organization

Application

Presentation

Dialog

Help

Guidance

Tutorial

Design

With respect to what?

What?

Action (Before)

Reaction (After)

Who?User Mixed System

When?Withwhat?

At design timeAt run time

At both design and

run time

How many?

OneSome

Many

For what?

Initiativ

e

Pro

po

sal

Decisio

n

Ex

ecutio

n

Source: Vanderdonckt, J., Grolaux, D., Van Roy, P., Limbourg, Q., Macq, B., Michel, B., A Design Space for Context-Sensitive User Interfaces, Proc. of ISCA 14th Int. Conf. on Intelligent and

Adaptive Systems and Software Engineering IASSE’2005 (Toronto, 20-22 July 2005), International Society for Computers and their Applications, Toronto, 2005, pp. 207-214. (FP6 Similar NoE)


50


Adaptation

means

Re-molding

Redistribution

• UI re-molding denotes any UI reconfiguration that is perceivable to the user and that results from the application of transformations on the UI (e.g., insertion, deletion, modification)

• UI redistribution denotes the re-allocation of the UI components to different interaction resources(e.g., for instance in the Painter's palette, the toolbars may move to a PocketPC until the end of the session)

Source: Grolaux, D., Vanderdonckt, J., Van Roy, P., Attach me, Detach me, Assemble me like You Work, Proc. of INTERACT’2005 (Rome, 12-16 September 2005), M.-F. Costabile, F. Paternò (eds.),

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 3585, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2005, pp. 198-212.


51

Context-Aware Design SpaceAdaptation

means

Re-molding

Redistribution

Total level

Dialog space level

Interactor level

UI component

granularity

UI components granularity denotes the smallest software UI unit that can be affected by re-molding and/or re-distributionFor instance, in Qtk, any individual widget is subject to redistributionIn [Czerwinsky, 2000], any window is subject to redistribution

Source: Melchior, J., Grolaux, D., Vanderdonckt, J., Van Roy, P., A Toolkit for Peer-to-Peer Distributed User Interfaces: Concepts, Implementation, and Applications, Proc. of 1st ACM SIGCHI

Symposium on Engineering Interactive Computing Systems EICS’2009 (Pittsburgh, July 15-17, 2009), ACM Press, New York, 2009, pp. 69-78.


52


Source: Melchior, J., Grolaux, D., Vanderdonckt, J., Van Roy, P., A Toolkit for Peer-to-Peer Distributed User Interfaces: Concepts, Implementation, and Applications, Proc. of 1st ACM SIGCHI

Symposium on Engineering Interactive Computing Systems EICS’2009 (Pittsburgh, July 15-17, 2009), ACM Press, New York, 2009, pp. 69-78.


53

C:/Users/Jean Vanderdonckt/Documents/Theses/Theses inside UCL/LILAB/PAST/Donatien Grolaux/PHD Présentation/PHD Présentation/Excelle-Part1.avi

C:/Users/Jean Vanderdonckt/Documents/Theses/Theses inside UCL/LILAB/PAST/Donatien Grolaux/PHD Présentation/PHD Présentation/Excelle-Part1.avi

C:/Users/Jean Vanderdonckt/Documents/Theses/Theses inside UCL/LILAB/PAST/Donatien Grolaux/PHD Présentation/PHD Présentation/ExcellePart2.avi

C:/Users/Jean Vanderdonckt/Documents/Theses/Theses inside UCL/LILAB/PAST/Donatien Grolaux/PHD Présentation/PHD Présentation/ExcellePart2.avi


means

Re-molding

Redistribution

Total level

Dialog space level

Interactor level

UI component

granularity

State recovery

granularity

Session levelTask level

Action level

State recovery granularity characterizes the effort users must apply to carry on their activity after adaptation has occurred: at the session level, at the task level or at the action level.For instance, in Rich Internet Applications

Source: Paternò F. Santoro C. Scorcia A. "Preserving rich user interface state in Web applications across various platforms". Engineering Interactive Systems. Second Conference on Human-

Centered Software Engineering, HCSE 2008 TAMODIA 2008 (Pisa, Italy, 25-26 September 2008). Proceedings, pp. 255 - 262. (LNCS, vol. 5247). Springer.


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Adaptation

means

UI

deployment

Re-molding

Redistribution

Total level

Dialog space level

Interactor level

UI component

granularity

State recovery

granularity


Action level

Static

Dynamic

UI deployment denotes the installation of the UI components in its environment: static or dynamic


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Adaptation

means

Context

of useUI

deployment

Re-molding

Redistribution

Total level

Dialog space level

Interactor level

UI component

granularity

State recovery

granularity


Action level

Static

Dynamic

User

Computing platform

Environment

Coverage of context of use denotes the capability of the UI components to be context-aware: user, platform or environment


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means

Technological

space coverage

Context

of useUI

deployment

Re-molding

Redistribution

Total level

Dialog space level

Interactor level

UI component

granularity

State recovery

granularity


Action level

Static

Dynamic

User

Computing platform

Environment

Multi-TSInter-TS Intra-TS

Technological space coverage denotes the capability of the UI components to support different working contexts with a set of associated concepts, body of knowledge, tools, required skills, and possibilities.

Source: Kurtev, I., Bézivin, J., and Aksit, M. (2002) Technological Spaces: an Initial Appraisal. CoopIS, DOA'2002 Federated Conferences, Industrial track, Irvine, 2002,.Première Ecole de Printemps Interaction Homme-Machine Réalité Virtuelle & Augmentée IVAR'2017 (Alger, 23-25 April 2017)

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Adaptation

means

Technological

space coverage

Context

of useUI

deployment

Re-molding

Redistribution

Total level

Dialog space level

Interactor level

UI component

granularity

State recovery

granularity


Action level

Static

Dynamic

User

Computing platform

Environment

Multi-TSInter-TS Intra-TS

No Meta-UI

Meta-UI without negotiation

Meta-UI with negotiation

Plastic Meta-UI

Existence of

a meta-UI

Existence of a meta-UI denotes the capability of a UI to provide a UI for controlling its adaptation.For instance, the Collapse-to-zoom meta-UI [Baudish et al., 2004]

Source: Coutaz, J. (2006) Meta-User Interfaces for Ambient Spaces. In: Proc. of 4th Int. Workshop on Task Models and Diagrams for User Interface Design Tamodia’2006 (Hasselt, October 23-24,

2006). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 4385, Springer, Heidelberg, pp. 1–15.


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1. Diffie

DiffIE

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Always on

In-situ

New to you

Non-intrusive

Changes to page since your last visit


Large Screens

Adaptive Layout Template for Effective Web Content Presentation in Large-Screen ContextsMichael Nebeling, Fabrice Matulic, Lucas Streit and Moira C. NorrieProc. 11th ACM Symposium on Document Engineering (DocEng 2011), Mountain View, CA, USA, September 2011


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XDStudio

ProgressiveEnhancementCar rental example

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qQWL3HY52X0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qQWL3HY52X0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YGjEQPRkjv8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YGjEQPRkjv8

Full example of context-aware adaptation

• Walkaware = route planning

• Weatheraware = wheather forecasts

• WalkWeather = both combined

• Adaptation to

– User profile

– Platform configuration

– Location and environmental conditions


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https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=be.defimedia.android.walkawaremobile&hl=frhttp://windowsphoneapks.com/APK_WalkAware_Windows-Phone.htmlhttp://www.appdropp.com/ios/walkaware/414443781

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=be.defimedia.android.walkawaremobile&hl=fr

http://windowsphoneapks.com/APK_WalkAware_Windows-Phone.html

http://www.appdropp.com/ios/walkaware/414443781

Decision Table


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Decision Table


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Architectural Approaches

• GUI generation

• Web services

• Client-server

• Model-view-control

• When?

– At the client (arrival)

– At the proxy (on the way)

– At the server (before it is sent)


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Architectural ApproachUsing Web services



Weatheraware

• Adaptation: Mobile, Tablet and Desktop PC


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For Desktop



For Tablet PC and iPads



Conclusion of Adaptation:for what?

• Advantages– Improve task efficiency and effectiveness

• Optimizes task completion time and rate

• Reduces work load

– Positively impacts• User’s subjective satisfaction

• Accuracy, human performance

• Predictability, situation awareness

• Shortcomings– Induces user disruption and generates variability

– Loss of control

– Development cost and complexityPremière Ecole de Printemps Interaction Homme-Machine Réalité Virtuelle & Augmentée IVAR'2017 (Alger, 23-

25 April 2017)92

Thank you very much for your attention

Questions?


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Human-Computer Interaction: Adaptation, Distribution, Evaluation

Software

Transcript of Human-Computer Interaction: Adaptation, Distribution, Evaluation