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Transcript of human aspects of computing
Computing and IT in the WorkplaceCT006-1
Human Aspects of Computing
Computing and IT in the Workplace 2Chapter 2
Learning Outcomes
At the end of this section, YOU should be able to:
• To explain importance of the human computer interface aspects in IT
• To explain and describe the concepts of ergonomics
• To explain computer related health issues and the prevention
• To explain and discuss the usable interface
Computing and IT in the Workplace 3Chapter 2
Topics we will cover
• Human Computer Interface (HCI)
• The importance of HCI
• Human Factors
• Health concerns of Computer use
• Ergonomics
Computing and IT in the Workplace 4Chapter 2
Overview of Human Computer Interface
• Definition of HCI– HCI is concerned with the design, evaluation
and implementation of interaction computing systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them
Computing and IT in the Workplace 5Chapter 2
Human Computer Interface
• Human– Individual user, a group of users that work
together– A sequence of user in an organization each
dealing with some part of the task or process.– They use technology
Computing and IT in the Workplace 6Chapter 2
Human Computer Interface
• Computer– Any technology ranging from the general desktop
to a large scale computer system, a process control or an embedded system
Computing and IT in the Workplace 7Chapter 2
Human Computer Interface
• Interaction– Communication between user and computer
Computing and IT in the Workplace 8Chapter 2
• Designing computer systems that support people so that they can carry out their activities productively and safely
• HCI is used to describe the interaction between a user and a computer
• ‘Computer’ is not just the PC, but also machines like photocopiers, microwave and etc.
Human Computer Interface
Computing and IT in the Workplace 9Chapter 2
Importance of HCI
The importance of HCI– Concerned with the user performance (Human
Factors and Ergonomics)
– Produce usable and safe system as well as functional system
Computing and IT in the Workplace 10Chapter 2
To improve…• Safety
• Utility (functionality)
• Effectiveness (do the right thing)
• Efficiency (do things right)
• Usability
• Simplicity
Importance of HCI
Computing and IT in the Workplace 11Chapter 2
• System failure & HCI– 16% of the projects are successful
– 31% are partially successful
– 53% of projects are fail
– Failure is overwhelming due to human rather than technical factors
Importance of HCI
Computing and IT in the Workplace 12Chapter 2
• Why system fail?– Inadequate requirements 13%
– Lack of user participation 12%
– Inadequate resources 11%
– Unrealistic expectation 10%
– Lack of support at senior level 9%
– Changing specifications 8%
– Lack of planning 8%
Importance of HCI
Computing and IT in the Workplace 13Chapter 2
• All the discipline that related to HCI…– Psychology and cognitive science (give the
knowledge of user’s perceptual, Cognitive and problem solving skills, ergonomics for the user’s physical capabilities)
Importance of HCI
Computing and IT in the Workplace 14Chapter 2
• Sociology and organization psychology (understand the wider context of the interaction)
• Computer science and engineering (build the necessary technology)
• Business (marketing)
• Graphic (effective interface presentation)
• Technical (produce user manual)
Importance of HCI
Computing and IT in the Workplace 15Chapter 2
Health Concerns of Computer Use
Computer vision syndrome Computer vision syndrome (CVS)(CVS)—eye and vision —eye and vision
problemsproblems
Computer vision syndrome Computer vision syndrome (CVS)(CVS)—eye and vision —eye and vision
problemsproblems
• What are some health concerns of computer use?
Repetitive strain injury (RSI)Repetitive strain injury (RSI)Repetitive strain injury (RSI)Repetitive strain injury (RSI)
Computer addictionComputer addiction—when —when computer consumes entire computer consumes entire
social lifesocial life
Computer addictionComputer addiction—when —when computer consumes entire computer consumes entire
social lifesocial life
TendonitisTendonitis—inflammation of —inflammation of tendon due to repeated motiontendon due to repeated motionTendonitisTendonitis—inflammation of —inflammation of
tendon due to repeated motiontendon due to repeated motion
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)—inflammation of nerve that —inflammation of nerve that
connects forearm to palmconnects forearm to palm
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)—inflammation of nerve that —inflammation of nerve that
connects forearm to palmconnects forearm to palm
Computing and IT in the Workplace 16Chapter 2
How can you ease eyestrain when working at the computer?
Health Concerns of Computer Use
Computing and IT in the Workplace 17Chapter 2
Health Concerns of Computer Use
• Repetitive Strain Injuries (RSI)– Wrist, hand, arm, and neck injuries as a
result of forced muscle groups through fast, repetitive motions• Typing on a keyboard-based device
(computer, musical instrument)• Moving groceries items over a scanner
– Preventive measures: change in technique of operating the instruments, take a rest
Computing and IT in the Workplace 18Chapter 2
Health Concerns of Computer Use
What precautions can prevent tendonitis or carpal tunnel syndrome? Take frequent breaks during computer session Use wrist rest Exercise hands
and arms Minimize number
of times you switch between mouse and keyboard
Computing and IT in the Workplace 19Chapter 2
Health Concerns of Computer Use
• Back & Neck Pains– Possible causes:
• Improper use of chairs• Improper ways of positioning keyboard
and/or display screen
– Preventive measure: use adjustable, special-purpose furniture
Computing and IT in the Workplace 20Chapter 2
Health Concerns of Computer Use
• Electromagnetic Fields (EMFs)– Waves of electrical and magnetic energies
generated by electrical devices– Strongest fields are emitted from the sides
and backs of terminals and CRT display screens
• Noise– Generated by power supply fan, impact
printer
Computing and IT in the Workplace 21Chapter 2
Ergonomics
What is ergonomics? Applied science devoted to comfort, efficiency, and
safety in workplacekeyboard height: 23” to 28”
feet flat on floor
adjustable height chair with 5 legs for stability
adjustable seat
adjustable backrest
elbows at 90° and arms and hands parallel to floor
Computing and IT in the Workplace 22Chapter 2
Green Computing
Reducing electricity and environmental waste while using computer
Computing and IT in the Workplace 23Chapter 2
Review Questions
How could health related disorders and injuries due to computer use be prevented?
Explain and discuss an appropriate workplace design.
Computing and IT in the Workplace 24Chapter 2
Q & A
Question and Answer Session
Computing and IT in the Workplace 25Chapter 2
Topic and Structure of next session
Ethical and Legal Issues
What we will cover next