HUMAN-ANIMAL RELATIONSviews from the Yamal peninsula

Dmitry ArzyutovPeter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography, St.Petersburg, Russia;

University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UKarcticdomus.org

IntroductionAn Outlook of Field Data

Yamal: Tambei Tundra Yamal, April-May

Reindeer samples Interviews Photos Field diary Field report is

published in “Materials of field works” in St.Petersburg (2014) in Russian

Part IAnimal ‘Society’ in the Kinship paradigm(as an article, might be for HAU journal)

Veneko:Living on the Human Beings Side

Close relations with family members living in one tent (chum)

Sharing food during the day and sleeping place at night

Mutual sleeping when heart is out = “warm relations”

Strategies of dogs binding to the chum framework

Veneko:Living on the Human Beings Side

Constructing dog genealogy through he exchanges between tents (chums).

Knowing human beings and “control” of living place.

Urine signs of the dogs around living places and human-made objects

Human-dog relations within chum

The tent of family where all of its members live on one side of the tent

Different space sharing at night and during the day.

Human beings

dogs

Ty: Outside the Chum Reindeer far from the

chum Herd of reindeers as

‘collective’

Tendency to separate herd from the other herds (endogamy strategy): since reindeers can mix and change their “character”

Ty: Outside the Chum Constructing reindeer

genealogies through human genealogy

The story of herd is the story of husband and wife including patri- and matrilinear ancestors

Kinship paradigm David Schneider (1968,

1984), Janet Carsten (2000, 2004) and Marshal Sahlins (2011a-b, 2013). Kinship as a “mutual being”

Mutual practices and creation of animal biography through exchange relations and patri- and matrilineal genealogies

Common stories and co-existence as a background of human-animal fictive kinship where animals play important role

Part IITowards an Anthropology of Speed

(as a paper at the panel, ICASS, Canada)

Speed and Domestication

Wild reindeer means fast reindeer among Nenets

Every spring ёрколӑвӑ there is a practice of reindeer speed regulation and technics of driving in corral

Herdsmen use special wood tools to regulate the reindeer speed and rhythm of movement

Regulation of speed as a technics of reindeer domestication

Part IIIPets in the Nenets Tent

Pets in the Nenets Tent Cats have been

inhabiting in Nenets chums for approximately last fifteen years

Nenets use them in ritual against wolves. There is an idea wolf is afraid of cats

As friends of mine tell me cat in tundra ‘dedomesticating’ (zvereet).

I have collected just several stories and this topic should be researched in near future

Further workingNenets animal ‘ethnicity’; Archival work

Nenets multispecies

Human beings

Reindeer

Dog

Cats

FishHerdsman is calling up reindeer with fish and words: “khale, khale…

(‘fish, fish…’)”

Animal ‘ethnicity’

Reconstruction of the history of “Nenets” Reindeer Specie and “Samoed” Dog Specie in Science and Anthropology.

What does “ethnic” name of animal species mean?

Why is there a difference between Samoed and Nenets animal species naming?

Relations between ethnogenesis concept in the Soviet ethnography and naming animal species.

Verbov on Reindeer Husbandry Working with Verbov archive in MAE RAS.

Preparing for publication his article “Nenets Reindeer Husbandry” (1930s) with detailed description of technics, tools reindeer driving. He as an ethnographer lived among European, Yamal and Taimyr Nenets several years and collected a lot of material on their culture, language and economy.

Thank youfor your

attention!

Спасибоза внимание!