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WHAT IS A WELDMENT?

http://www.voisard.com/albums/products/slides/Weldment.html

WHAT IS A WELDMENT?

http://winman.ca/portfolio/weldments.htm

http://winman.ca/portfolio/weldments.htm

WHAT IS A WELD?

WELDMENTS IN SOLIDWORKS

ROPS.SLDPRT TRUSS.SLDPRT

WHAT IS SHEETMETAL?

support bracket.SLDPRT

WHERE ARE WE IN THE DESIGN PROCESS?

ENGINEERING

SIMULATION AND

ANIMATION

Engineering

Simulation

CAD

QFDFUNCTIONAL DECOMPOSITION

DECISION MATRIX

ENGINEERING SIMULATION

OR

ENGINEERING ANALYSIS

OR

ENGINEERINNG MODELING

DESIGN

PROTOTYPING

TESTING

PRODUCTION

CAD

PROTOTYPING

TESTING

PRODUCTION

SIMULATION

FEA

Windows OS

solid CAD

TRADITIONAL PRODUCT

DESIGN PROCESS

SIMULATION DRIVEN PRODUCT

DESIGN PROCESS

affordable computers

EVOLUTION OF DESIGN PROCESS

ENGINEERING DESIGN MODELS

STRUCTURE Descriptive and graphical

e.g. diagrams of how elements are connected and arranged

FUNCTION Generally abstract

e.g. mathematical models

FORM Descriptive and graphicale.g. drawings of parts and assemblies

FORM, FUNCTION AND STRUCTURECAE models

CB

EQ1

R1

R3

3

C2

+R6

R8

R4

R7

R5

LENS

LED

+9VMIC C1

+

+ - 741

R2

2

4 76

Power Supply

Components:

741 OP AMP R1 = 50 k (Variable) R2 = 1 M R3 = 5.6 k R4 = 5.6 kR5 = 1 k R6 = 50 k (Variable) R7 = 1 kR8 = 220

C1 = 0.1 mF C2 = 10 mF Q1 = 2N3904LEDMIC : MicrophoneVcc = 9 V

Power SupplyOutput

Ground

MICROPHONE with two wires:

MIC

2.2 k

1 F

1

2

AM Light Wave Transmitter

STRUCTURE

STRUCTURE

Pneumatic Logic Diagram

FUNCTION

System diagram of a sensor system

INPUT

Reference value AmplifierRotating Shaft

OUTPUT

Constant speed shaftMotor

Measurement Tachnogenerator

Differential amplifier

Shaft Speed Control

System diagram of a shaft speed control

FUNCTION

FUNCTION

Vibration of a single degree of freedom system

2 2 2 coso d k e mI cl kl m e l t

3

3 y

Plf

EI

Deflection of a cantilever beam

System diagram of a car steering

FUNCTION

Ackerman steering geometry is defined by angling the steering arms so that a line drawn between both the king pin and steering arm pivot points intersects with the centre line of the rear axle.

FUNCTION

System diagram of a car steering

FUNCTION

Model captures FUNCTION but not FORM

Ackerman.SLDASM

Transfer Function - is the input-output relationship of a system (or subsystem).

OUTPUT = TRANSFER FUNCTION X INPUT Example:For a gear box: output angular velocity = C X input angular velocity where C is some constant (i.e. transfer function).

FUNCTION


transfer function.SLDASM

FUNCTION


Oldham coupling.SLDASM

FORM – Engineering Drawings

Layout Drawing – drawn to scale but does not show tolerances, and is subject to change as the design process continues.

Detail Drawing – includes tolerances and indicates materials & lists special processing requirements. Drawn in conformance with ANSI drawing standards.


Assembly Drawing – uses an exploded view to show how some of the individual parts fit together. Components are identified by a part number or entry on an attached bill of materials.


Typical assembly drawing with parts list.

FORM – Engineering DrawingsInformation on a Bill of Materials:

1. The item number or letter. This is a key to the components on the assembly drawing.

2. The part number.This number is used throughout the purchasing, manufacturing, inventory control, and assembly system to identify the component.

3. The quantity needed in the assembly.

4. The name or description of the component.This must be a brief, descriptive title for the component.

5. The material from which the component is made.If the item is a subassembly, then this does not appear in the BOM.

6. The source of the component.If the component is purchased, then the name of the company is listed.

BILL OF

MATERIALS

(BOM)

FORM, FUNCTION AND STRUCTURECAE models

COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING (CAE) TOOLS IN MME2259a

CAD• geometric modeling of parts and assemblies• drafting• visualization (eg. shading, photo-rendering)

SIMULATION TOOLS• Motion animation (SOLIDWorks)• Structural analysis (Simulation Express)

The use of Simulation Express is not

required in the Design Project.

Familiarity with Simulation Express is

required to pass CSWA (10% bonus)

exam.

Use of Motion Analysis is

required in the Design

Project

Deciding Which Type of Study to Use

Use Animation to create presentation-worthy animations for motion that does not require accounting for mass or gravity.

Use Physical Simulation to create presentation-worthy approximate simulations of motion that account for mass, collisions, or gravity.

Use Motion Analysis to run computationally strong simulations that take the physics of the assembly motion into account. This tool is the most computationally intensive of the three options. The better your understanding of the physics of the motion you require, the better your results. You can use Motion Analysis to run impact analysis studies to understand component response to different types of forces.

MOTION ANALYSIS

MOTION ANALYSIS

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A MECHANISM AND A STRUCTURE

Structure is firmly supported, mechanism is not.

Mechanism moves without having to deform its components. Mechanism components move as rigid bodies. Generally, a mechanism is designed to move. Mechanism has Rigid Body Motions (RBM).

Structure does not have Rigid Body Motions, any movement of a structure must involve deformation.

It may be one time deformation when the static load is applied or vibration about its neutral position (point of equilibrium). Generally a structure is designed to stand still.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A MECHANISM AND A STRUCTURE

STRUCTURES MECHANISMS

COMMON KINEMATIC PAIRS

(MECHANISM COMPONENTS)

Revolute

1 DOF left

cylindrical

2 DOF left

Spherical

3 DOF left

Translational (prismatic)

1 DOF left

Planar

3 DOF left

RIGID BODY MOTION

RIGID BODY MOTION

How many rigid body motions?

MOTION ANALYSIS: ANIMATION OF MOTION

quick return.SLDASM

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS IS NOT NECESSARILY STATIC ANALYSIS

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS: ANIMATION OF MODES OF VIBRATION

tunning fork.SLDPRT

MOTION ANALYSIS: ANIMATION OF MOTION

http://www.eng.uwo.ca/designcentre/FEA%20resources/

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS – Simulation Xpress

In class demonstration

HUMAN FACTORS IN DESIGN

ANTHROPOMETRIC DATA

Vast amount of information is available on-line

Percentile

One of a set of points on a scale arrived at by dividing a group into parts in

order of magnitude.

For example, a score equal to or greater than 97 percent of those attained

on an examination is said to be in the 97th percentile.

Estimates proportions of the data that should fall above and below a given

value.

WHAT IS A PERCENTILE?

SIZE VARIATIONS IN A POPULATION

In general body heights and body lengths do vary uniformly in

a population because they depend upon bone structure.

Taller than 97.5% of population

Taller than 50% of population

Taller than 2.5% of population

WEIGHT VARIATIONS IN A POPULATION

In general weights and widths may not vary uniformly since these measurements depend upon age, amount of body fat, musculature, etc.

ANTHROPOMETRIC DATA

Civilian populations: 97.5 percentile

50 percentile (median)

2.5 percentile

ANTHROPOMETRIC DATA

Range-of-Motion

R.J. Eggert, Engineering Design, Prentice-Hall:Upper Saddle River NJ, 2005, pp. 262.

ANTHROPOMETRIC DATA


Range-of-Motion

ANTHROPOMETRIC DATA

Average Human Strength for Different Tasks

ANTHROPOMETRIC DATA

Muscle Strength for 95th Percentile Males


ANTHROPOMETRIC DATA

Static Muscle Strength for Vertical Pull


ANTHROPOMETRIC DATA

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