HS305 Research Methods for Health Sciences

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HS305 RESEARCH METHODS FOR HEALTH SCIENCES

Audio Seminar!

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AGENDA

Brain TeaserKey TermsReview of unit 9 paperReview of descriptive statisticsDescriptive statistics and

research designs


PERSONAL GOAL FOR SEMINARSCreate community of shared

learnersProvide a summary of material

from the weekAnswer questions; clarify

information as needed

HAVE FUN!

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BRAIN TEASER

Interpreting information

Where do 4 and 9 go in the following progression?

8, 11, 15, 5, 14, 1, 7, 6, 10, 13, 3, 12, 2

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BRAIN TEASER

Interpreting information

What explains the following placement for 4 and 9?

8, 11, 15, 5, 4, 14, 9, 1, 7, 6, 10, 13, 3, 12, 2

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KEY TERMS

Data Set Nominal Data Ordinal Data Interval Data Ratio Data Normal Distribution


UNIT 9 PROJECT: PRACTICAL APPLICATION PARTS 1 & 2Part 1: Data

Click on spreadsheet from the assignment sign

Download to your computerGo to our text companion site

Part 2: Follow companion site directions to calculate the statistics for each of the two groups on the spreadsheet


UNIT 9 PROJECT: GETTING TO THE CORRECT DIRECTIONSUsing Excel to compute descriptive statistics Download spreadsheet to your computer from

assignment site Go to

http://wps.prenhall.com/chet_leedy_practical_8/23/6131/1569569.cw/index.html

Click on down arrow and select chapter 11 From menu at left click on Projects Select Project 11.1 from middle screen Click on Analysis 1: Computing the descriptive

statistics for group 1 Use process to compute statistics for each of two

groups in scenario


UNIT 9 PROJECT: PRACTICAL APPLICATION PART 3Short paperDescribe the two groups and

statistics for each groupAnalysis: what conclusions can

you reach based on the statistics?Analysis of at least 2 problems

with data set for making conclusions about exercise and weight


PROJECT REQUIREMENTS

Be thorough Summarize, do not copy Review grading rubric in weekly

announcement before submitting Ask questions if needed!

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WRITING REQUIREMENTSOrganize your paper wellBe clear and conciseCheck spelling and grammarUse APA formattingNEVER plagiarize!

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PURPOSE OF STATISTICS


PURPOSE OF STATISTICS

Numerical tools that:Describe information Illustrate trendsAllow comparison of different

groups Allow comparison of sample to

population


BASIC TYPES OF STATISTICS

Descriptive Statistics – describe the characteristics of a population

Inferential Statistics – use sample data to compareSample to populationOne sample to another


CAUTIONStatistics appear to be “facts”Statistical tools depend on

levels of measurement of variables

It is important to remember that statistics are easily misused

Review definitions and procedures of studies carefully


DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICSMeasures to condense data –

include counts and cumulative counts and totals

Measures of central tendency – “average” or most likely score

Measures of variability – how far away values are from each other

Measures of relationships - correlations

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MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY

Statistics that describe the average, typical or most common value for a group of data

Three measures of central tendency

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MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCYStatistics that describe the

average, typical or most common value for a group of data

Three measures of central tendencyMeanMedianMode

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STATISTICS: EXAMPLE FROM COMPANION SITE

Measures of Central Tendency


MEASURES OF VARIABILITYDescribe how spread out values are

in a distribution of valuesRange: distance between highest

and lowestPercentile: a datum point below

which lies a certain percentage of values in distribution

Standard deviation: the average variation of all values from the mean score

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STATISTICS: EXAMPLE FROM COMPANION SITE

Measures of Variability


MEASURES OF RELATIONSHIPS Concern the correlations between

variablesCorrelation coefficients

Computed by pairing the value of each subject on one variable (X) with the value on another variable (Y)

Can vary from -1.00 to +1.00Several measures used for

correlations

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CORRELATIONS

Positive Negative No Correlation


SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH PROCESS STEP 4A. IDENTIFY RESEARCH DESIGN



Research Design = the process for conducting the study

Qualitative designsQuantitative designsMixed Methods


STATISTICS & RESEARCH DESIGN

Review: What is qualitative research?



Review: What is qualitative research?Research designs aimed at

achieving an in depth understanding of a phenomenon


SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH PROCESS STEP 4A. RESEARCH DESIGNS

Qualitative DesignsCase StudyEthnographyPhenomenologicalGrounded TheoryContent analysisHistorical research



Review: What is quantitative research?



Review: What is quantitative research?Research designs aimed at

finding out statistical patterns of variables related to a problem


SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH PROCESS STEP 4A. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGNS

Experimental True

experimentQuasi-

experimentalEx Post FactoFactorialMeta-analysis

DescriptiveObservation Studies Correlational

Research Developmental

Designs Survey Research Checklists and

Rating Scales


SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH PROCESS STEP 4A. EXPERIMENTAL QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGNS

Mixed Methods Combine aspects of qualitative and

quantitative designsVery commonMost qualitative research includes

some basic descriptive data


COMMON MIXED DESIGN IN CLINICAL RESEARCH EXAMPLE

Study of juvenile diabetesQualitative: case studyQuantitative: descriptive study

using developmental approach


WHAT DO RESEARCHERS CONSIDER IN CHOOSING RESEARCH DESIGNS?


CHOOSING QUALITATIVE V QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH TECHNIQUESDepends on purpose of

researchData availableHow results are expected to be

used


PURPOSE

From: Table 5.1 Leedy & Ormrod (2010)


NATURE OF PROCESS



DATA TYPE AND COLLECTION





Qualitative designsQuantitative designsMixed MethodsWhich type of design do you think is

preferable? Explain your answer!




Qualitative designsQuantitative designsMixed MethodsWhich type do you think would work

best in your field? Explain your answer!


QUESTIONS?

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Unit Questions linkAOL instant message: proflpburchEmail: [email protected] Phone if an emergency: 757-339-7494


COMING ATTRACTIONS: UNIT 10

Seminar: None

Discussion: Reflecting on what you learned

I hope you will give me your feedback!


HS305 RESEARCH METHODS FOR HEALTH

SCIENCES

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HS305 Research Methods for Health Sciences

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