Evolutionary Genetics

LV 25600-01 | Lecture with exercises | 6KP

HS2018

Extension 1

Jean-Claude Walser jean-claude.walser@env.ethz.ch

Unleash Linux Ubuntu on Windows

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The following slides to install, run, and manage Ubuntu on

Windows is based on a more detail guide that can be found

on howtogeek.com. Please visit the website and learn more

about this exiting new (finally useful 😬) feature of Windows.

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Install bash shell

Ubuntu on Windows

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Windows 10’s Anniversary Update offers a big new feature for developers: A

full, Ubuntu-based Bash shell that can run Linux software directly on Windows.

This is made possible by the new “Windows Subsystem for Linux” Microsoft is

adding to Windows 10. Note: This only works on 64-bit builds of Windows 10!!!

First open the Settings app and head to Update & Security > For Developers.

Activate the “Developer Mode” switch here to enable Developer Mode.

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Next, open the Control Panel, click “Programs,” and click “Turn Windows

Features On or Off” under Programs and Features. Enable the “Windows

Subsystem for Linux (Beta)” option in the list here and click “OK.”

After you do, you’ll be prompted to reboot your computer. Click “Restart Now”

to reboot your computer and Windows 10 will install the new feature.

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After your computer restarts, click the Start button (or press the Windows key),

type “bash”, and press “Enter.”

The first time you run the bash.exe file, you’ll be prompted to accept the terms

of service. The command will then download the “Bash on Ubuntu on Windows”

application from the Windows Store. You’ll be asked to create a user account

and password for use in the Bash environment.

If you’d like to automate the installation of Bash instead, you can run the

following command in a Command Prompt window. This will automatically agree

to all prompts and set the default user to “root” with no password:

$> lxrun /install /y

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Using bash shell

Ubuntu on Windows

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To open the Bash shell, just open your Start menu and search for “bash” or

“Ubuntu.” You’ll see a “Bash on Ubuntu on Windows” application. You can pin

this application shortcut to your Start menu, taskbar, or desktop for easier

access.

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Change the appearance of your terminal - Open up Bash on Ubuntu on Windows

10. Right-click the little icon in the upper left hand corner of the window and

select “Properties”.

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Where are my files?

Ubuntu on Windows

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Windows 10’s “Bash on Ubuntu on Windows” environment contains a few

different components. The first time you run the bash.exe program, it

will download and install an entire Ubuntu user space environment. You

can access these files in File Explorer (or other Windows programs), if

you know where to look.

To access these files, you’ll first need to show hidden folders in File

Explorer. Open a File Explorer window and click View > Options >

Change Folder and Search Options. In the Folder Options window that

appears, select View > Show Hidden Files, Folders, and Drives.

Source: howtogeek.com

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Source: howtogeek.com

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The Ubuntu system files are stored at:

C:\Users\ <USERNAME>\AppData\Local\Lxss\rootfs

Your Ubuntu user account’s home folder is stored at:

C:\Users\ <USERNAME>\AppData\Local\Lxss\home\ <USERNAME>

C:\Users\<USER>\AppData\Local\lxss\ <USERNAME>

The root account’s home folder is stored at:

C:\Users\ <USERNAME>\AppData\Local\Lxss\root

* Replace the <USERNAME> with your Username on Windows.

Where the Ubuntu Files Are Stored in Windows

Source: howtogeek.com

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Where the Ubuntu Files Are Stored in Windows

You can see your WSL file system from Windows at:

%LocalAppData%\lxss\rootfs

/root would be located here

%LocalAppData%\lxss\rootfs\root

and /home would be here

%LocalAppData%\lxss\rootfs\home

* WSL = Windows Linux Subsytem

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The Ubuntu Bash shell makes your full Windows system drive available

so you can work with the same files in both environments. However, the

Bash environment doesn’t just dump you in your C:\ drive. Instead, it

places you in /, or the root directory you’d have on Linux. If you perform

an ls command to view the contents of the directory, you’ll just see the

Ubuntu directories that provide the Linux environment.

Your Windows system drive and other connected drives are exposed in

the /mnt/ directory here, where other drives are traditionally made

available in the Linux directory structure. Specifically, you’ll find the C:

drive at the following in the Bash environment:

ls -l /mnt/c # replace c accordingly to your system

Where Your Windows Drive Appears in Bash

Source: howtogeek.com

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For example, to access a file stored at

C:\Users\<USERNAME>\Downloads\File.txt

you’d need to use the path

/mnt/c/Users/<USERNAME>/Downloads/File.txt

in the Bash environment.

*c: you might change the drive

Where Your Windows Drive Appears in Bash

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Note that, when accessing Windows system files, your Bash shell environment has

the permissions it was launched with. If you launched it normally from the

shortcut, it will have the same file access permissions your Windows user account

does. For example, if you want to access the C:\Users\Administrator folder, you’d

need to right-click the Bash shell shortcut and select “Run as Administrator” to

launch the Bash shell with Windows Administrator privileges. This works just

like the Command Prompt, which needs to be launched as Administrator if you

need write access to Administrator-only files, or write access to system files. You

can’t just use “sudo” in the Bash environment.

Evolutionary Genetics

LV 25600-01 | Lecture with exercises | 6KP

HS2018

Extension 2

Jean-Claude Walser jean-claude.walser@env.ethz.ch

Digital Safety

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Good Safety Habits

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You are being tracked by:

Cookies Evercookies IP address

Flash cookies HTML 5 storage Fingerprinting and more …

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‣ Visiting the top 50 websites will install over 3,000

tracking files on your computer.

‣ Over 80% of websites use one or more tracking

tools.

‣ The average number of tracking tools is six per

website. Bigger websites can have up to 20 trackers.

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Webbrowser Safety

• Security settings • Browser extensions • VPN • Incognito Mode

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Change / Check Settings

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Install Extensions

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How to Enable Private Browsing on Any Web Browser

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‣ Epic Privacy Browser

‣ Comodo Dragon

‣ Brave

‣ Tor

Privacy Browser

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VPN is a virtual private network that enables you to have a secure

connection between your device and an Internet server that no one can

monitor or access the data that you’re exchanging. A VPN connection

establishes a safe passageway through all the insecurities of public networks.

You can benefit from a VPN connection for a number of reasons, including,

security and privacy.

When you’re connected to the Internet through a VPN connection, this private

Internet access ensures that you’re not exposed to phishing, malware, viruses

and other cyber threats. Your privacy is also guaranteed, as no one will be able

to detect your online behaviour. Anyone can benefit from an added safety

measure that the VPN connection feature provides.

> https://mobile.unibas.ch/home.html

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Dark Data

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Belkasoft Evidence Center makes it easy for an

investigator to acquire, search, analyse, store and

share digital evidence found inside computer and

mobile devices. The toolkit will quickly extract digital

evidence from multiple sources by analysing hard

drives, drive images, cloud, memory dumps, iOS,

Blackberry and Android backups, UFED, JTAG and

chip-off dumps. Evidence Center will automatically

analyse the data source and lay out the most

forensically important artefacts for investigator to

review, examine more closely or add to report.

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Metadata is data about data. It usually provides additional

information. Metadata is essential for most data formats. You can't

render a JPEG, send an email, or visit a web site without metadata.

Metadata could be used for surveillance purposes, but it also has

many common everyday purposes. Metadata is not scary.