In-Flight Rain Damage Tests of the Shuttle Thermal Protection System
HQ01e protection heater tests
description
Transcript of HQ01e protection heater tests
HQ01e protection heater tests
Summary
Aug 02, 2012
T. Salmi
HQ PH
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OL ILWidth [cm] 1.1 1.03Area [cm2] 243 217R strip [Ω] (@ 2.2 K) 4.12 4.38
Outer layer (OL)
Inner layer (IL)
TraceStainless steel: 25.4 μm (1 mil), Kapton: 25.4 μm (with glue ~45 μm)
PH study overview
Parameters• Temperature [K]: 4.4, 1.9• Imag [kA]: 5, 8, 11, 14• IL, OL (Coil 9)
PH delayTime
Volta
ge
VPH ≈ 230 V Pw0 ≈ 50 W/cm2 (OL) Pw0 ≈ 50 W/cm2 (IL)
τ = RC ≈ 40 ms
Quenchdetected
Voltage tap signal
Procedure• Imag constant • 1 PH strip fired• Delay to quench onset measured
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HQ01e: PH delays
4HQ01e at CERN: Pw0 = 50 W/cm2, tau 40 ms: Iss = 17.3 kA @ 4.4 K; 19.1 kA @ 1.9 K
Innerlayer
Outerlayer
• PH delay scales with Iss Almost independent of temperature
• OL quench faster than IL• EXCEPTION: 4.4 K & 14 kA: IL
quench faster (but slower propagation)
HQ01e: 25.4 μm Kapton
HQ01e vs. HQM01 and HQM04:Outer layer
• HQ01e: 25.4 μm Kapton
• HQM01: 50.8 μm Kapton (+ 100 %) PH delay + 20 to 50 %
• HQM04: 76.2 μm Kapton (+ 200 %) PH delay + 60 to 150 %
• Note:In HQM01 and HQM04 this is a typical
result using tau = 46 ms.Using tau = 23 ms, if Imag = 5 kA, the
quench in HQM04 is faster than inHQM01.
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HQ01e at CERN: Pw0 = 50 W/cm2, tau 40 ms: Iss = 17.3 kA @ 4.4 K; 19.1 kA @ 1.9 KHQM04 at FNAL: Pw0 = 45 W/cm2, tau 46 ms: Iss = 16.2 kA @ 4.6 K; 18.2 kA @ 2.2 KHQM01 at FNAL: Pw0 = 47 W/cm2, tau 46 ms: Iss = 17.0 kA @ 4.6 K
VPH = 230 V
HQM04HQM01
HQ01e
HQ01e vs. HQM04: Inner layer
HQ01e at CERN: Pw0 = 55 W/cm2, tau 40 ms: Iss = 17.3 kA @ 4.4 K; 19.1 kA @ 1.9 KHQM04 at FNAL: Pw0 = 49 W/cm2, tau 46 ms: Iss = 16.2 kA @ 4.6 K; 18.2 kA @ 2.2 K 6
• NO difference for Imag < 12 kA!
• Imag > 12 kA: Longer delay in HQM04
• Superfluid• Cooling for coil• Contact with coil
VPH = 230 V
HQ01e
HQM04 HQ01e: 25.4 μm KaptonHQM04: 76.2 μm Kapton
Summary
• HQ01e: 25.4 μm Kapton between SS and coil
• HQ01e: PH delays measured using VPH = 230 V, Pw0 = 50 W/cm2, tau = 40 ms
• PH delays at 81 % of Iss: 7 ms (OL) and 6 ms (IL) (+/- 1 ms)
• PH delay seems almost independent of operating temperature
• Imag <= 12 kA: IL quench slower than OL– Imag = 14 kA: IL quench faster– Need more data at high current to confirm
• Comparison with coils tested in the mirror structure:HQM01: + 100 % Kapton (50.8 μm) OL: PH delay +20 … 50 % (IL not tested in HQM01)
HQM04: + 200 % Kapton (76.2 μm) OL: PH delay +60 … 150 % (OL) IL: No difference for Imag < 12 kA
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Thank you!
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PH delay definition – HQ01e
Quenchonset
Example: 11 kA – fired 9B02 – 4.4 K (qhi10)
At 11 kA and 14 kA quench signals are quite clear.Quench onset defined when a segment voltage starts the rise to quench. 9
HQ voltage tap locations
The distances between the taps (mm)Inner layerOuter layer
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9A02 – 4.4. K – 14 kA
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9A05-04 quenches (higher field).In other IL tests, 9A04-03 quench (More turns covered by PH).
9A02 – 4.4. K – 14 kA
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9B02 – 4.4. K – 14 kA
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9B04-05 quenches (typical).Slower first quench onset, but faster quench detection than in IL.