How we translate WH Questions in Arabic & English.

Group members:1-Afaf Mohammed Kaabi.2 -Montaha Awadh Alamri.

3 -Asmaa Ahmad Alqarni.4 -Nadia Abdullah Alshammri.

5-Fatimah Yehya Alshehri.6 -Shoaa Ibrahim Zubni.

7 -Ghadah Suleman Alblwi.8 -Asmaa Salman Alblwi.9 -Khloud Mosa Aljehani.

10 -Manal Fleih Alenzi.11 -Albandri Fleih Alenzi.

Group No :362

 

Introduction

 Wh-questions are questions that begin with one of the eight ‘wh-words’

(who, whose, what, when, which, why, where and how) .Questions formed with ’wh- words’ ask about the word or phrase the ‘wh-word ‘ replaces. Who replaces pronouns and the names of people. When the question word is the subject, the word order doesn't change . First, In this project we will discuss the way of translating the structure of WH Questions In both Arabic and English. Then, We will start discussion English structure, complete with Arabic and support our discussions with examples. Third, we will conclude our project by summarizing what we have done in our researches . Finally, we will use APA style for writing references for translation.

 

Discussion:WH Question wordsWe use WH question words to ask a certain type of questions. We often refer to them as WH words because they include the letters WH.WH questions begins with what ,when ,where ,who ,whom , witch,

Whose, why and how. TYPES Of QUESTIONS,

• YES or NO questions / WH questions: here the answer cannot be yes or no.

QUESTION WRDS CAN BE BOTH DIRECT AND INDIRECT ;DIRECT : He said to me, "Where do you live?"INDIRECT: He asked me where I lived? This is a comparison on how to use what in Arabic and English questions,

what is the correct structure and examples on each of them:

WH QUESTIONS WORD (WHAT)This is a comparison on how to use what in Arabic and English

questions, what is the correct structure and examples on each of them

THE STRUCTURE IN English:QUESTION WORD + AUXILARYVERB + SUBJECT +MAIN VERB. Ex: Simple present: what does Sarah think about the project?Simple past: what did the manager think about your idea?Present continuous: what are you reading at the moment?USING WHAT WITH THE PREPOSITIN (at) we put it at the end of the questionEx: WHAT are you looking at?

WHAT: specific thing, object Used to ask about an information about something Ex: What is her favorite color ? المفض�ل؟ لونها هو ماUSED FOR A THING Ex:What do you call a "bicycle" in Spanish?

االسبانية؟ باللغة الدراجة تسمي ماذاWhat kind is used for a description Ex:What kind of food do you like?

تحبه؟ الذي الطع�ام نوع هو ماWhat…for is used to ask for a reason(asking why) Ex :What did you do that for?

ذلك؟ فعلت لماذا

What language can he speak? يستطيع التي اللغة مابها؟ التكلم

What happened after I left? رحيلي؟ بعد حدث ماذا

What is wrong with you? خطبك؟ ماWhat is the capital of Egypt? مصر؟ عاصمة هي ما

what did you say to her? ؟ لها قلت ماذاwhat kind of car do you own? التي السيارة نوع ما؟تملكها

The STRUCTURE IN ARABIC: In standard Arabic "what" comes at the beginning of a questionWe translate it ( ,ما is used in questions that (ما) ,( ماذاdo not have verbs, while (ماذا) is used in questions that do have verbs. Ex:

اسمك؟ مااليوم قرأت ؟ماذا

WH-Q WORDS( WHO, WHOM, WHOSE)Who is used for a person or people (subject).

Whom used instead of "who" as the object of a verb or preposition (very formal)Whose used to ask who something belongs to or who someone or something is connected with.The STRUCTURE In ENGLISH:

-With an auxiliary verb :Wh + an auxiliary verb (be, do or have)+ subject + main verb .

Wh + a model verb + subject+ main verb Or

E.g.: who's been paying the bills? Who would she stay with ?

-Without an auxiliary verb

Who , whom or whose is the subject or part of the subject. We do not use the auxiliary. We use the word order subject+ verb:E.g.: who bought this? - whose phone rang?

Negative(who, whose, or whom) questions- :When we ask negative wh-questions, we use the auxiliary verb do when there is no other auxiliary or model verb, even when the wh-word is the subject of the clause

E.g.: why doesn't want an ice cream?

The STRUCTURE In ARABIC:

: االستفهام  أدوات (who ,   تستخدم ( من بمعنى استفهام أداة

للسؤال الشخصوتستعمل هوية عن للسؤالالفاعل عن

التركيب: . +   به + المفعول الفعل االستفهام أداة

بدون + + الجملة باقي الفاعل االستفهام أداةعنه السؤال المراد الجزء

E.g.: -Who helped you ?

-Who won the match ? -Whom did you meet yesterday?

- ؟ ساعدك من؟ بالمباراة فاز من

باألمس؟ قابلت من

WH QUESTION WORD (WHEN)Asking about time something is going to happen in an English speaking country use when

The STRUCTURE In ENGLISH: In English we used the structure ( when ) at the beginning of the question.When + helping verb + subject + main verbExamples: - When will he return ? At fife o'clock-When should we meet ? At 12 :00-When does the show start ? At twelve thirty

The STRIUCTURE In ARABIC:الجواب( whenكلمة ) وعند السؤال أول وتأتي متى تعني

بصورة معينا وقتا بدالها ونضع السؤال أداة دائما نحذفالتالية : األمثلة في وكما عامة

؟ + + + الرئيسي الفعل الفاعل المساعد الفعل متى؟ الحافلة تغادر ? When does the bus leaveمتى

هكذا : اإلجابة وتكونعشر الثانية الساعة At twelve o'clockفي

*To understand the answers, you need to understand

how to tell the time in English.

WH QUESTIN WORD (WHICH)Which as a question word We use which in questions as a determiner and interrogative pronoun to ask for specific information: The STRUCTURE In ENGLISH:which determiner, pronoun (QUESTION) used in questions and structures in which there is a fixed or limited set of answers or possibilities) what One or Ones. E.g.:- Which of the dessert did you have? لديك الحلوى من إي - Which of your parents do you feel closer to? إليه بالقرب تشعر والديك من أي which pronoun (USED TO REFER)used as the subject or object of a verb to show what thing or things you are referring to, or to add information about the thing just mentioned. It is usually used for things, not people: E.g.:-Is that the film in which he kills his mother? والدته به قتل الذي الفيلم هذا هلWhich + of:We use of with which before other determiners (the, those, your) and pronouns (yours, them)E.g.: Which of your sisters lives in Boston? بوسطن في تعيش أخواتك من -أي

The STRUCTURE In ARABIC :In standard Arabic "which "We use which when there a restricted range of answers, also used to ask about choice between tow or more things. We translate it " أي". Example: األخض�ر؟ أم األحمر تفضل األلوان من أي

WH Question word (Why): Why is a wh-word. We use why to talk about reasons and explanations.

The STRUCTURE IN ENGLISH:E.g. :1. Why did he leave home when he was 16?2. Why is the Earth round?- We can use why in indirect questions:E.g. :1. He asked me why I wanted to leave the job.2. I wonder why he told nobody he was getting married.- Also we can use why on its own as a response:A: I’m going home now.B:Why?When we reply to a negative statement, we usually say why not?:A:I don’t like it here.B:Why not?

Why: asking for reasonsWhen we ask for reasons in speaking, we can use the phrase why is that? In informal conversations we often say why’s that?:A:Look, the moth is attracted to the light.B:Why is that?Why don’t and why not: making suggestionsWe use why don’t and why not to make suggestions:Why don’t we leave the washing-up until tomorrow morning? It’s too late now. (or Why not leave the washing up …)

Why not?: showing agreementWe can use the phrase why not? as a reply which shows that we agree to a suggestion or request:A:How about we invite John and Gina round on Saturday night?B:Why not? We haven’t seen them in a long time.forming Why With an auxiliary verbWh + an auxiliary verb (be, do or have)+ subject + main verb. OrThe Wh + a model verb + subject+ main verbE.g. : Why did he leave early?Exception: For the main verb be in Present Simple and Past Simple, there is no auxiliary verb.E.g. : Why were you late?

The STRUCTURE In ARABIC:

(Why ) (  )  ً شيئا لحدوث السبب عن للسؤال وتستخدم لماذا بمعنى استفهام أداةما

مثالً :Why did he leave early? ؟ ً مبكرا غادر لماذا

بها ( , whyوتستخدم-  )  يراد عندما الرئيسي بالفعل وتكتفي فاعل بدون أحيانا. ً ضروريا الحدث وقوع كان إذا فيما السؤال

استع�مال- )  يتم لم ( whyوكذلك فعل عن للسؤال آو اقتراح بغرضعمل المصدر معمثل : ، بعد ينجز

Why not end it now? ؟ اآلن تنهيه ال لماذا

WH Question word (HOW+ HOW MANY):“ How” refers to the way, manner, or to what degree something was done;

it replaces adverbs or adverb phrases. If the verb contains a modal, a form of the verb “be” or a form of the helping verb “have,” the subject and predicate are reversed

The STRUCTURE In ENGLISH: How:

WH + BE + SUBJECTExample:Mary is very beautiful .

? How beautiful is MaryHow many: How many + BE + SUBJECT.How many + DO/DOES + SUBJECT + VERB .Example: How many people are there ?How many languages can you speak ?

.

The STRUCTURE In ARABIC:How:

الطريقة أو الحال عن للسؤال تستخدم و( How are you ?) كيفحالك؟ ( How do you go to work ? ) للعمل؟ تذهب كيف

بـ متبوعة تكون أن يجب و العمر عن  للسؤال( old ) ( How old are you ? ) عمرك؟ كمالجواب في يكون أن ويجب حدوثشيء طريقة أو الكيفية عن للسؤال و

الحالة هذه :في(out foot, by bus, by car ) , , بالحافلة بالسيارة األقدام على سيرا

How many:( how many ) ( ) ( مع العدد عن للسؤال تستخدم كم بمعنى استفهام أداة

مثل ( المعدودة األسماء : التركيب

+ + + به المفعول الفاعل الفعل االستفهام .أداةتجيدها : التي اللغات عدد كم ؟مثل

WH QUESTION WORD " WHERE:"Where: asking in or at what place or position

The STRUCTURE In ENGLISH: 

Where + BE + SUBJECT.Where + DO/DOES + SUBJECT + VERBExample:

Where do they live? Where is my book ?

Where did you go last weekend ?

The STRUCTURE In ARABIC: . اتجاه أين أو موقع أو ما مكان عن لسؤال تستخدم

به + +  المفعول الفعل االستفهام أداةExample:

Where does she live ?-Where are you going ?-

Where do you go to complain– ?؟ هي تسكن أين

  ؟- ستذهب أين؟- للشكوى ستذهب أين

Conclusion:In these papers we discus WH-Question structure in both Arabic and English language with details.

We support our research with examples in Arabic and English to make it easier for learners.

At the end of this explanation you should be able to use WH-Question correctly.

References: How to use 'Wh...' questions. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/how-use-wh-questions

Nordquist, R. (2006). Wh-word. Retrieved from http://grammar.about.com/od/tz/g/Wh-Word.htm

Wh- question Meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/wh-question?q=Wh questions

Johnson, S. (2005). A Grammar of the English Tongue. Project Gutenberg.

Why - English Grammar Today - Cambridge Dictionaries Online. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/why

' االستفهام أدوات باستخدام  Wh'-question. (n.d.). Retrieved fromالسؤالhttp://english4all.montadarabi.com/t44-topic

:References• 

Are the 'Wh-' Words? (n.d.). Retrieved from http://grammar.about.com/od/tz/g/Wh-Word.htm

Question Structure. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-questions_structure

Questions with "When" - EnglishClub. (2009, August 6). Retrieved from https://edition.englishclub.com/survival/when-questions

Understanding and using english grammar (with answer key and audio c ... (n.d.). Retrieved from http//:

. . / / -www slideshare net sophoeunkhmerchild understanding- - - - - - - - - - -4and using english grammar with answer key and audio c ds t

- 4h editiona