how to write an article · 2018-12-01 · 12/1/2018 3 Article definition‐‐‐dictionary •a...

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Introduction To “Article” Writing

Welcome

Introduction To “Article” Writing

• Rev. Terrence G. Clark

• Founder of The Glory Cloud publications

• Voice of One CNC Magazine

• ClubK4C

• Difference Magazine (for kids)

• 100’s of published articles

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Session’s Goals

• To introduce the writing category of an “Article”

• To define what an Article is

• To classify types of Articles

• To inspire Retreat attendee to engage Article writing

• To help people tell their story

Interesting Pages

• From History of Magazines

• In 1672, the first “periodical of amusement” was published. Le Mercure Galant (later called Mercure de France), was created by French writer and playwright Jean Donneau de Vizé. The publication contained news, songs, short verses and gossip. Despite being disparaged by other writers of the day for its amusing rather than intellectual content, the periodical became very popular in France

• https://www.magazines.com/history‐of‐magazines

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Article definition‐‐‐dictionary

• a written composition in prose, usually nonfiction, on a specific topic, forming an independent part of a book or other publication, as a newspaper or magazine.

• Aka‐‐Report, account, story, write‐up, column, review, commentary

• An article in the paper [testimony, miracle report]

• Part of collection, but still individual

• Can be like an‐‐‐anthology‐‐a book or other collection of selected writings by various authors,usually in the same literary form, ofthe same period, or on the same subject:

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Column

• one in a usually regular series of newspaper or magazine articles the gossip column advice columns‐‐‐Merriam Webster

Why Write An Article?

• It’s part of the writing community—it what writers do

• Creative

• Something to say

• Answer a question / bring a solution / inform

• Less time or words than a book‐‐‐ (give numbers)

• Can be lighter or deeper (in thought) in contrast to book or other genre

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Why Write An Article?• Opportunity to explore different thoughts / platforms‐‐‐Christian / secular / funny‐whimsical / anecdotal / music

• Can write under a pen name, or "nom de plume" (French for "pen name") pseudonym

• Develop style /change style• Make money

• Publications need article writers / There’s a market(s)

• Maybe easier to sell

• Easier to rewrite or alter / slant‐‐‐• Self‐serving‐‐‐Stay Focus Magazine and Voice of One need you

Advantages –

• Someone else is doing the marketing

• An established audience• Greater exposure• Less time to write / Get work‐message out quicker

• Less involved than a book• Can reformat / tailor existing work

like “How to Build An Ark”

• For Voice of One‐‐‐it was longer / more inspirational

• For Stay Focus‐‐‐more business‐like / team building‐‐shorter

• For Seminars‐‐‐evangelistic

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Disadvantages –

• Perhaps less control over work

• Subject to editor

• Limited audience‐‐‐narrower thought

• Exposure to unwanted audience

• Have reformat / tailor existing work

• Have to wait to be published / story held up

21 Different Types of Articles

Book Review Articles

• As stated a review of books

• Published mostly in academic journals,

• Not only provides and article but engages in reading more books to adds to experience or to writer’s resume

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Clinical Case Studies

• Detail real patient cases from clinical or medical practice.

• Contribute existing knowledge in that particular field. • Discuss the symptoms, diagnosis, signs, and of course, treatment of a specific disease,

• Considered primary literature.

• word counts that are very close to the original article • technical and industry‐specific information

• Not meant for beginning writers.

• Need to be an expert / or actually in that field or familiar with that field


Clinical Trial Articles

• Clinical case studies‐‐‐specifically related to the field of medicine.

• Describe the implementation, results, and methodology of controlled clinical studies, most of which are conducted on large groups of patients.

• lengthy • Close to the original research article. • expert reliability, high standards of ethics, and a lot of practical work experience,

• Usually not written by beginning writers.

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21 Different Types of ArticlesColumns• highlights the personality / style of the author, • Writes about subjects using a unique, one‐of‐a‐kind style. • Personalize columns ‐‐‐ humor or expertise in a certain topic or subject area.

• Develop individual style so that it eventually becomes recognizable by the readership.

• personal thoughts or experiences• Interpret various issues or events if they wish. • published in a frequency • Long enough for the writers to go into detail with whatever they are writing about.

21 Different Types of ArticlesCommentary/Perspective/Opinion Articles

(Similar articles / differ slightly)

Commentaries ‐‐‐

short articles ‐‐‐ 1,000 to 1,500 words

• Draw attention to, or critique a book, report, or article that is already published.

• Explains why the article or book interested the writer and why it might be attention grabbing for the reader as well.

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• Perspective ‐‐‐• Scholarly reviews about prevalent ideas or fundamental concepts in a specific field of interest.

• Usually written in essay form,

• Personal point of view critiquing popular notions about a particular field.

• Can be reviews of a few concepts related to one another or even a single concept.

• Considered secondary literature, • Usually very short‐‐‐ approximately 2,000 words.


Opinion articles

• Only of the author’s viewpoint on a particular study’s interpretation, methods, or analysis.

• Comment on the strengths and weaknesses of a certain hypothesis or theory,

• but backed by sound evidence and based on constructive criticism.

• promotes the discussion of the most recent issues relating to science

• Short in length.

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Essays

• These are some of the shortest articles written, from

• short to medium in length, and they

• Describe an opinion or personal experience of the author.

• Concentrate on presenting their specific views on a topic and center the essay on just one specific subject.

21 Different Types of ArticlesFeature Writing Articles x

• in‐depth ‐‐‐ great detail about events, topics, trends, or even people.

• thoroughly explore the topic

• uses interviews and the use of experts or with even the main people involved.

• shows a previously unseen perspective on the topic.

• The main goal of feature articles is to provide enough detail so that the readers or viewers are familiar with every aspect of the story,

• Usually wins the most prestigious journalism awards.

• the highest word count as compared to all of the other types of articles.

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21 Different Types of ArticlesFreelance Writing Articles

• doesn’t work for a particular company or publication but instead

• Hires out his or her services to various organizations which can be physically located almost anywhere.

• Most freelance writers are professional writers who take on different jobs for a short time, although they work for themselves and are not considered the permanent employee of any one company.

• Paid by whoever needs the article written, and • Can be technical or creative, the assignment is always a

• Short‐term commitment for the writer.

• Technical articles ‐‐‐ usually specifically asked for by the company doing the hiring

• Creative articles ‐‐ usually written first by the freelancer then later sold to various publications.


• Freelance articles can include:• Articles for newspapers or other publications• Blogs• Book reviews• Grant writing for nonprofit organizations• Interviews to be published in magazines

• Program proposals

• Training manuals

• Translation of an article from one language to another

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21 Different Types of Articles• How‐To Articles

• very specific / describe in great detail steps or tips to help the reader do something specific.

• Most how‐to articles include solutions to problems or answers to certain questions

• There is no limit to subjects from changing batteries on a remote to relationships

• Can contains numbers or bullet points, it is likely a how‐to article.

21 Different Types of ArticlesInvestigative Articles• Considered one of the most exciting types of writing to many people, investigative journalism consists of jobs that

• Aim to uncover the truth about a specific person, event, or subject. • It is based on the principle that the final results should be well verified and extremely accurate, not to mention filled with facts only.

• It can be difficult to get the information for the right results, but it • can break a certain situation wide open if you’re successful in the end. • One of the most important investigative journalism pieces ever written is the uncovering of the Watergate scandal by investigative reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein.

• Inform readers of what’s really going on but news can cause public uproar

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Letters to the Editor

• actual letters written by the readers of a certain publications

• multiple Topics

• Inform editors on how their readers feel about certain topics.

• Most publications tend to publish a balance of letters editors‐‐‐ some smaller publications print every letter they receive.

• Writers with various style can submit

• Letter & opinions may be representative other readers


Lifestyle Articles

• Topics vary greatly, but focus on issues related to lifestyles.

• Health, recreation, relationships, interviews etc

• can use include statistics

• personalized and local the information increase readership

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News Articles

• Fact filled and straightforward‐‐‐accurate, unbiased

• relay events, basic information, and facts

• No personal interpretations by the reporters themselves.

• not a feature story ‐‐ short, to the point

• Headline and enough of an explanation to hook readers’ or viewers’ interest.

• Just enough information so that the reader or viewer learns what happened from the storyline and nothing else.

21 Different Types of ArticlesOp‐Ed Articles

• Opposite the Editorial

• Opinion by the writer.

• Found mostly in newspapers, ‐‐‐usually the local newspaper of the author

• On the page which is opposite an editorial.

• Opinions on everything from small‐town issues to major national or international stories. social or political issue

• Alternate opinion from the other editorials,

• Almost always written by someone who is an expert in that industry.

• Educate people about a specific ‐‐ go into more detail than in major media

• Present another view from the ones already expressed in a certain publication

• Give the publication more balance

• Help build up the image of the publication that printed them,

• 600 words in length or by publications guidelines

• Usually written by freelance writers

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Original Research Articles

• Very detailed studies that report the original research.

• Considered primary literature,

• Include the background study, methods, hypothesis, results, and the interpretation of the findings, as well as a discussion of the possible implications.

• Quite long and require an extensive investment of time.

• 3,000 to 6,000 words depending on the journals as high as 12,000.


Personality Profile Articles

• revolve around that interviewee’s life accomplishments and are based on an interview with that person.

• in‐depth and look at the person’s entire life, starting at the beginning.

• Include quirks, faults, significant events, strengths, character, accomplishments‐‐‐informative but casual

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Question‐and‐Answer Articles

• based on an interview.

• does not analyze a story or build a story around the answers from the interviewee.

• Story centers on questions and answers/ facts not opinion

• Uses introductory or lead paragraphs, but the bulk of the article consists of the questions and answers discussed at the interview.

21 Different Types of ArticlesReview Articles• Fact and opinion on specific subjects.

• Example ‐‐‐ book or movie review

• Accomplish two things:

• One, accurately and thoroughly identify and describe the subject that is being reviewed

• Second, they use experience and research to provide an informed and intelligent opinion of that subject.

• Not just writers opinion but concise and comprehensive utilizing research giving accurate representation of the subject that was reviewed.

• Constructive and critical analysis of existing literature, through analysis, comparison, and summary.

• Can identify specific problems or gaps and can even provide recommendations for research in the future.

• Considered secondary literature‐‐‐presenting no new data

• consist of three main types: systematic reviews‐‐‐ usually under 10,000 words long / meta‐analyses, and literature reviews‐‐‐‐ 8,000 to 40,000 words.

• Each publication has its own requirements

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Shorts

• 500 words or less

• Focus on a specific publication’s target market or section within publication


Sponsored Content Articles

• A type of advertising or “native advertising”

• look and read like regular editorials, but they are

• Paid by advertiser

• Promote the product or service of the advertiser.

• the advertiser is always mentioned somewhere in the article,

• Usually written by on‐staff writers because these writers who are more familiar with the publication’s advertisers.

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• Trend Articles

• highlight a movement that decreases or increases over time.

• I.e., People who attend writer’s conferences / marriages lasting over 20 years / cell phone usage amongst Christian teens


Copy

• a single specimen of a particular book, record, or other publication or issue.

• "the record has sold more than a million copies"

• Copy refers to written material, in contrast to photographs or other elements of layout, in a large number of contexts, including magazines, advertising, and books. Wikipedia

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21 Different Types of ArticlesLong Articles• 700‐3000• 8th grade level• More sentences• Sub topics‐‐‐every 500‐700 wordsShort Articles• 500‐700 Words• Written like blogs• Less sentences—4 to 5• 4th grade level• Simple content language

Interesting Pages

• What happened in 1454‐1455 AD?

• Gutenberg Bible. The Gutenberg Bible, also known as the 42‐line Bible, is listed by the Guinness Book of World records as the world's oldest mechanically printed book – the first copies of which were printed in 1454‐1455 AD (written from 1400 BC‐90AD)

• What is the first written story?

• The Epic of Gilgamesh. It is a mythologized account of an historical figure, Gilgamesh, a ruler of the Sumerian city‐state of Uruk, believed to have ruled sometime between 2700‐2500 BC.

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11 Article Editors Love to Print

• https://www.theadventurouswriter.com/blogwriting/types‐of‐feature‐articles‐to‐write‐for‐magazines/

• Laurie Pawlik‐Kienlen

11 Article Editors Love to Print

1. How To Article

2. Profile and Interview Articles

3. Informative or Service Articles

• Focus on one unique aspect, or the “handle”• Describe what‐to, how‐to, when‐to, why‐to, etc.• Answer the journalist’s who, what, when, where, why, and how questions• Can end with a “how‐to” piece as a sidebar4. The Alarmer‐Exposé

• Shocks or surprises readers• Includes statistics, quotes, anecdotes• Can range from how extension cords can kill to new info on Watergate

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11 Article Editors Love to Print5. Human Interest Magazine Articles:

• Usually start with an anecdote• Are often chronologically organized6. Essay, Narrative, or Opinion Articles

• Usually revolve around an important or timely subject (if they’re to be published in a newspaper or “serious” magazine)

• Are harder to sell if you’re an unknown or unpublished writer• Can be found on blogs all over the internet7. Humor or Satire Articles

• May be hard to rite

• Specific audience• Must submit entire piece to editor for consideration

11 Article Editors Love to Print8. Historical Articles

• What can I say? A historical article describes a moment in time. Or an epoch. Or an era. Or an eon.

• Reveal events of interest to millions (which means at least one of my examples wouldn’t work as this type of article)

• Focus on a single aspect of the subject

• Are organized chronologically

• Tell readers something new

• Go beyond history to make a current connection

9. Inspirational Magazine Articles

• Describe how to feel good or how to do good things

• Can describe how to feel good about yourself – this type of article can work for anyone from writers to plumbers to pilots

• Offer a moral message

• Focus on the inspirational point

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11 Article Editors Love to Print10. Round‐Up Magazine Articles

• Gather a collection from many sources

• Focus on one theme

• Offer quotations, opinions, statistics, research studies, anecdotes, recipes, etc.

11. Research Shorts

• Describe current scientific information

• Are usually less than 250 words long• Are often written on spec (at least by me)

• Are fast, effective ways to earn money as a freelance writer – if you can find the right markets

Interesting Pages

• The meaning "periodical journal containing miscellaneous writings" dates from the publication of the first one, "Gentleman's Magazine," in 1731, which was so called from earlier use of the word for printed lists of military stores and information, or in a figurative sense, from the publication being a "storehouse" of information (originally of books, 1630s).

• https://www.etymonline.com/word/magazine

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How to Write an Article

• Basic mechanics

• Pick a topic

• Make it Specific and Rewarding

• Ex—How To Make a P&B Sandwich?

• Ex2‐ How To Make A P&B Your Kids Will Love You For

• Let style come through


Research

• Sources of research

Clinical‐‐‐scientific research

Academic / Study

Interviews

Other articles / books

Libraries

Internet

Personal experience / knowledge

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How to Write an ArticleHave an idea of start and endExamples• Talk about health benefits of natural PB or different ways to closes generation gaps and connect kids to old likes as a kid.

• Know word count‐‐‐research‐‐‐‐publication‐‐‐target• Food / Reader Digest / South Jersey Moms• 600 words• Woman with children—25 to 55 / all ethnicities / working class /former working women who are now stay home

• Short paragraph usually‐‐‐but with exceptions• ‐‐‐know publication‐‐‐editor /know audience‐‐‐attention span• Websites / blogs‐‐‐different paragraph break up‐‐‐easier to read


• Open Statements

• Paragraphs‐‐‐to express bullets

• Closing‐‐‐summary?

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The Headline

• ‐‐‐summarizes‐‐‐whimsical‐‐‐‐provoking‐‐‐eye catching‐‐‐memorable

• Reknown headlines

• Princess Diana Dead‐‐‐August 1997

• 1941

• Japan Bombs Pearl Harbor; United States Enters World War II

• 1969

• Neil Armstrong Becomes First Human to Walk On the Moon

How to Write an Article• 1963• President John F. Kennedy Assassinated in Dallas• 1920• Women Win the Right To Vote• 1912• "Unsinkable" Titanic, Largest Man‐Made Structure Sinks• 1968• Civil Rights Leader Martin Luther King Assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee

• 1989• World Wide Web Revolutionizes the Internet

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Masses of Christians Vanish World‐WideDate unknown

Article Examples• Voice of One CNC examples

• Voicecnc.com• ClubK4C.tv Difference Magazine

• Journal‐‐‐journey to Jerusalem‐‐‐inform ‐‐‐

• https://voicecnc.com/my‐journey‐to‐jerusalem.html

• Interview with Santa Claus‐‐‐ https://voicecnc.com/santa‐claus.html

• Snow Angel ‐‐‐ https://voicecnc.com/snow‐angel.html

• Gospel Profiles ‐‐‐• https://voicecnc.com/purposeful‐gospel‐profiles.html

• How to article https://voicecnc.com/how‐to‐build‐an‐ark.html

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Understanding Rights from wrong

• File for copyright ‐‐‐it’s a registration of existing copyright‐‐www.copyright.gov/

• https://www.wikihow.com/Copyright‐Your‐Writing‐for‐Free

• First rights / first electronic rights• One time rights

• Reprint or second rights‐‐‐can have been published before• Archival right ‐‐‐the right to keep it in print indefinitely or as contracted• All rights / work for hire ‐‐‐author loses all licensing• http://www.writing‐world.com/rights/rights.shtml

• FNASR stands for "First North American Serial Rights.“ selling the license to use your work—this is assumed but verify

Markets• Most Magazines / Newspapers

• Writer's Market 2019

• Christian Writers Market Guide‐2019 Edition

• https://www.malleeblue.com/best‐article‐writing‐sites‐for‐earning‐money‐online/

• https://www.malleeblue.com/best‐websites‐that‐pay‐you‐to‐write/

• https://www.minterest.com/how‐to‐make‐money‐writing‐articles/

• Writerswork

• Thepennyhoarder• Your own blog or online magazine

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Making Money $$$

• Article publishing

• In paying markets Avg ‐‐‐$50 per 500 words ‐‐‐ 10 cent / word

• Up to $250 per article (of course it could be more)

• Contrasted with book publishing

• Indie publishing the average author spends $2000 to $5000 to publish their book

• Many don’t earn anything

• Traditional publishing—avg advance is 8,000 and that may total income

Universal Rules

• For a Christian writing is a ministry first

• Don’t fall in love with your own words

• Write & rewrite

• Grammar Rules

• Proof / Edit / Proof

• Query if not sure

• Follow submission guidelines

• Don’t get stuck in rejection land

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Exercise• Write an article during workshop/retreat

• choose subject

• Magazine/column‐‐‐‐target audience‐‐‐millennials

• Example ‐‐ Subject ‐‐‐‐living by miracles or chance

• Interview Person next to you

• Contrasting event for a specific Title

• How to• Personal experience• News• 500 Words

Reference

• https://www.editage.com/insights/6‐article‐types‐that‐journals‐publish‐a‐guide‐for‐early‐career‐researchers

• https://www.popoptiq.com/types‐of‐articles/

• https://www.theadventurouswriter.com/blogwriting/types‐of‐feature‐articles‐to‐write‐for‐magazines/

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