How To Turn An Old Router Into A Wireless Bridge

You may some day encounter a situation in which you will require a wireless internet connection for a desktop computer. Perhaps you have decided to move your office from one room to another in your home. However, the new room does not have the cable or telephone connection you need to bring that computer

online.

Before you go out and buy a wireless network card or attempt to run wire

through your attic, you might be able to save yourself time and money if

you have an old wireless router lying around. You may be able to upgrade

your old router with a different firmware that will allow it to act as

a wireless bridge. That is, turn your old router into wireless bridge. A

wireless bridge allows you to connect one network to another over the

airwaves, rather than having to run wire from one room to another.

The free firmware that makes this possible is called DD-WRT.  Before

reading further, check the DD-WRT supported device list to see if your

router is supported.  If it is supported, be sure to check out the notes for

running DD-WRT on the supported device page. You’ll need to refer to

the recommended installation method later.

Requirements

- Broadband internet connection.

- Two wireless routers:

o One connected to your broadband internet connection to serve as the

access point.

o One connected to other machine(s) that need to connect to web. This one

will need to support DD-WRT.

Initial Setup

1. Make sure your main internet router is working properly. Verify the

wireless connection is working properly by connecting a laptop or some

other device.

2. Set up the remote computer at the remote location.

3. Connect the remote computer to the router you will be installing DD-

WRT onto. Just plug it into one of the ports on the hub (i.e. not the internet

port or uplink port).

4. Open your browser and connect to the router’s web configuration page.

If you’re not sure what the address is, you may need to refer to the

router’s manual. If the router is running DHCP, it is likely to be the address

of the computer’s gateway. In Windows XP, go to the Control Panel and

then Network Connections. There Double-click on your LAN connection

and go to the Support tab. The default gateway will be listed there. You

can also check it on CIRT.netalong with other details such default

username and password for the router.

Download DD-WRT

Now, you need to download the DD-WRT.

1. Go to the DD-WRT download page and Navigate to

the stable directory.

2. Navigate to the latest version (you can sort by date descending).

3. Navigate to the Consumer directory.

4. Navigate to the proper directory for your router’s manufacturer and

then the model/version of the router. You should be able to find the model

and version number printed somewhere on the router. http://www.dd-

wrt.com/wiki/index.php/Supported_Devices

6. Download the .bin file of your choice.

The notes for running DD-WRT on the supported device list may

mandate you use a specific version. If not, I recommend you select either

the mini or the standard. If you want to know the differences between the

different versions, check out the File Versions section of the What is DD-

WRT? page of the DD-WRT wiki.

Install DD-WRT

If you downloaded DD-WRT from your main internet connection, you may

need to copy it to a USB drive to install it on the remote router from the

remote computer. The remaining instructions are to be run from the

remote computer connected to the remote router where DD-WRT is to be

installed.

Install DD-WRT according to the installation instructions on the wiki.  Use

the installation method recommended for your device in the notes on the

supported device page (if applicable).

Warning: It is possible to brick your router when you install the new

firmware (i.e. render it useless).  Please take caution in reading the

installation instructions carefully.  I recommend you install DD-WRT on an

old router that you are currently not using, so that if something does go

awry there is no major loss.

Configuring DD-WRT as a Client Bridge

1. Once you have DD-WRT installed, open your browser to

http://192.168.1.1 and log into the router. In older versions of DD-WRT,

the default username is root and the default password is admin. Be sure

to change the default password to secure your router.

2. Next, click on the Wireless tab at the top.

3. Set the Wireless Mode to Client Bridge. Then click Apply.

4. Set the SSID to that of your main wireless router that is connected to

the Internet.  In my case, my main wireless router SSID is sierra. Then

click Apply.

5. Click on the Wireless Security tab in the second row of tabs, and

configure the router to match the security settings as your main router. In

my case, my main wireless router has WPA security mode with TKIP

shared key, so I set up DD-WRT to match it.

6. Click Apply.

7. Click the Setup (very first tab in the upper left) to configure the LAN

settings.

8. Assign the router a Local IP Address on the same subnet as your main

router, but give it a different address.  That means that all the numbers

for the address will be the same as the main router except for the

numbers in the fourth box.  For example, the address of my main router is

192.168.1.1 so I gave my DD-WRT router an IP of 192.168.1.2.

9. Set the Subnet Mask to 255.255.255.0.

10. Set the Gateway and Local DNS to the address of the main router.

11. Click Apply.

Your DD-WRT router should now allow you to connect your remote

computer to your main internet router through the airwaves!  If you ever

need to reconfigure the DD-WRT router, just be sure to remember the new

IP address that you assigned in step number 8.  You could always use a

nice label maker and slap it right onto the router.

How to connect my BRAVIA® Internet TV with Wireless LAN Ready or Built-in Wireless LAN to a Internet network?

Article ID:403899(modified 11 Jan 2012)

Applicable Models

Question

Connect my BRAVIA® Internet TV with Wireless LAN Ready or Built-in Wireless LAN to a high-speed Internet

network.

Answer

This solution begins by explaining the difference between wireless LAN-ready and built-in wireless LAN. For

information regarding which of these your Sony® TV is equipped with, refer to the iManual supplied with the TV.

Manuals also are available online through the Manuals link on this page. 

Wireless LAN-ready: 

Bring wireless Internet access to your Wi-Fi® ready BRAVIA HDTV with the UWA-BR100 wireless LAN adapter.

This adapter plugs into your USB input on your TV, and with WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup) functionality, it's

simple to get your TV connected to your home network no matter what type of Wi-Fi you are using. 

NOTE: The USB wireless LAN adapter is available as an optional accessory. The USB Wireless LAN adapter

may not be available in some areas. KDL EX700, HX700, HX800, HX900 Series are Wireless LAN-ready. 

Built-in wireless LAN: 

The built-in Wireless LAN device allows you to access the Internet and your home network without having to

connect a separate adapter. With this feature, you can easily connect to a wireless LAN and enjoy the benefits of

networking in a cable-free environment. KDL LX900, NX700, NX800 Series are Wi-Fi Integrated. 

Network Setup: 

IMPORTANT:

If you are using a wireless hub, router or game adapter, you must select Wired Setup instead of Wireless

Setup. The Wireless Setup is only for use with Sony Wireless LAN Ready TVs (with USB Wireless LAN Adapter

UWA-BR100) or Built-in Wireless LAN TVs.

For the Wireless LAN Ready TVs, only the UWA-BR100 is supported. PC USB Wireless LAN adapters are not

supported.

Using the network feature, you can connect your TV to the Internet. The setup procedure differs depending on

the type of network and LAN router. Before setting up your Internet connection, be sure to set up a wireless LAN

router.

1. Using the supplied remote, press the HOME button.

2. Select Settings.

3. Select Network Set-up.

4. Select View Network Status.

5. Press ENTER to confirm network status.

6. Select either Wireless Set-up or Wired Set-up.

7. Select Scan. Scan can be used to set up any type of wireless network. You will need to know your

network SSID andsecurity key or password for secured networks. If using a secure network follow the correct

sub step.

* A WPS (Push Button) W-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) makes network setup as easy as the touch of a button.

* A WPS (PIN) Allows for WPS setup of your TV by providing a PIN that you will set in your wireless router.

* Secured Network without Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS)

Secured Network without Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) 

NOTE: For setting up a wireless LAN, SSID (wireless network name) and security key (WEP or WPA key) will be

required. If you do not know them, consult the instruction manual of your router or contact you Intersent Service

Provider (ISP).

1. Using the supplied remote, press the HOME button.

2. Select Settings.

3. Select Network Set-up.

4. Select Wireless Set-up.

5. Select Scan.

6. Select your network from the list.

7. Follow the instructions that appear on the setup screen.

Unsecured Network with Any Type of Wireless LAN Router: 

NOTE: For setting up a wireless LAN, the SSID (wireless network name) will be required. Security key (WEP or

WPA key) will not be required because you need to select no security method in this procedure.

1. Using the supplied remote, press the HOME button.

2. Select Settings.

3. Select Network Set-up.

4. Select Wireless Set-up.

5. Select Scan.

6. Select your network from the list.

7. Follow the instructions that appear on the setup screen.

Secured Network with Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS): 

NOTE: The WPS standard makes setup of a secure wireless home network as simple as pressing the WPS

button on the wireless LAN router. Before setting up a wireless LAN, check the location of the WPS button on the

router and verify how to use it.

1. Using the supplied remote, press the HOME button.

2. Select Settings.

3. Select Network Set-up.

4. Select Wireless Set-up.

5. Select WPS (Push Button) for Push Button method or WPS (PIN) for PIN method.

6. Follow the instructions that appear on the setup screen.

NOTE: To connect to a wireless LAN with WPS, your wireless LAN router needs to support the WPS standard. 

Manually Setting the IP Address and Proxy Settings: 

NOTE: Enter the respective alphanumeric values for your router if necessary. The items that need to be set (e.g.

IP Address, Subnet Mask, DHCP) may differ depending on the Internet service provider or router. For details,

refer to the instruction manuals provided by your Internet service provider, or those supplied with the router.

1. Select Auto to set the IP Address and proxy server automatically or “Custom” to set them manually.

2. Follow the instructions that appear on the setup screen.

NOTE: If you use WPS for network setup, the security settings of the wireless LAN router activate, and any

equipment previously connected to the wireless LAN in a non-secure status will be disconnected from the

network. In this case, activate the security settings of the disconnected equipment and then reconnect. Or, you

can deactivate the security settings of the wireless LAN router, and then connect the equipment to a TV in a non-

secure status.

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Internet TV Box

Breakthroughs in technology are creating opportunities for consumers to expand the capabilities

of their television-viewing experiences. One notable technological development is the

introduction ofinternet-capable TVs. To connect the Internet to a TV, owners need to have an

Internet-ready TV, Internet access, an Ethernet or wireless connection, and a remote device that

can initialize the Internet menus on the televisions. A number of other devices and services are

valuable to enhance a user’s experience, but these items are not mandatory for operating an

Internet-ready TV. Buyers can find the tools they need to access the Internet through their TVs at

local big-box stores, mass retail and department stores, and electronic shops. For buyers that

favor the convenience and variety of online shopping, eBay is a great option that carries Internet-

ready TVs and accessories from a wide range of manufacturers.

Connecting a TV Directly to the InternetA distinction must be made when discussing connecting a TV directly to the Internet versus

connecting a computer or laptop to a TV. Direct Internet access supplies users with more options

that are uniquely tailored to the TV-viewing experience. In contrast, a computer or laptop can be

connected to a TV, which turns the television into a type of projector. Doing this provides users

with limited functions and might compromise the integrity of the TV’s picture resolution.

People who opt to use their standard TVs as projectors will typically employ computers or laptops

that have an HDMI output that can be connected to an HDMI input on the back of their TVs. The

connection is made using an HDMI cable. Once the connection is established, users might need

to press the Function key plus any key marked "CRT/LCD" on their computer or laptop for the

desktop to be shown on the TV screen. Users should remember to experiment with their

computer screen’s resolution after it is shown on the TV to get the best picture. Although this is a

quick way to show a computer’s screen on a TV, it is not a proper substitution for a specially

developed, Internet-capable TV.

1. A Smart TVSmart TVs are television models that allow users to have direct Internet access through their

television sets. This added feature provides a means for viewers to share digital data with others,

stream video, and employ TV-specific apps that are similar to the apps users enjoy on their

mobile phones. Often called Internet TVs or Net TVs, Smart TVs are frequently coupled with

other advanced TV capacities like high - definition (HD) or 3D. Buyers should not assume,

however, that all HD or 3D models are necessarily Internet-ready. When shopping, buyers

should look for specific information related to a TV’s Internet capabilities to be certain the TV can

access the Internet.

2. Internet AccessIt might be obvious that Internet access is needed to connect a TV to the Internet, but Internet-

capable TV owners should be aware that the type of Internet access they have will directly

impact their Smart TV’s performance. Dial-up Internet access might not be fast enough to handle

the transmission of certain types of data, particularly HD video, without having problems.

Broadband access is preferable, but broadband speeds lower than 6Mbps still might have

problems transmitting large files. To stream online HD video without intermittent buffering, a

broadband speed of 10Mbps is recommended.

3. The Right Connection TypeInternet-ready TVs will typically have two options available to connect with the Internet: an

Ethernet port connection and a wireless connection. Both types of connections have a number of

pros and cons, so Smart TV users should carefully weigh their options before deciding which

type of connection to choose.

Ethernet Port Connection

An Ethernet port connection is maintained by hooking a Smart TV up to an Internet router

through an Ethernet cable. To do this, users must look on the back or sides of their TVs to locate

the Ethernet port, which could also be called a LAN port. The Ethernet cable is inserted into the

port and then connected to a user’s Internet router.

There are both benefits and drawbacks to using an Ethernet port connection. An Ethernet port

connection provides more reliable connectivity than a wireless connection, but also limits where

an Internet router can be placed in relation to a TV. Often, buyers can use a long Ethernet cable

to establish connectivity, but this solution might cause problems if the wire needs to clear a

doorway or cover open spaces between rooms.

Wireless Connection

Many Smart TVs come equipped to access an Internet router’s wireless capacities if wireless

connections are supported by a user’s Internet package. If a buyer purchases a Smart TV that

does not feature wireless connections, an external TV wireless adapter can be added to the TV

to support wireless connectivity. Wireless connections are beneficial because they free users

from the spatial constraints often associated with connections maintained via Ethernet cables.

There might be problems, however, with streaming HD video through a wireless connection

without video stutters occurring.

4. Remote Device for Initiating Internet AccessWhen buyers purchase an Internet-ready TV, a proprietary remote control will be included as part

of the TV package. These remote controls typically feature a button that launches the Smart TV’s

Internet menus. Each Smart TV manufacturer has a different user interface for accessing the

Internet. Some employ a system of windows that allow users to choose options, while others

utilize a dashboard or vertical menu scheme.

Other Remote Options

A Smart TV’s Internet menus can be highly personalized to each owner. To make managing the

menus easier, some Internet TV manufacturers offer users options to supplement operating the

TV via remote control.

Wireless LAN Ready

Provides a wireless network connection for your TV by inserting a USB Wireless LAN Adapter into your TV’s USB port.

Wireless LAN Ready lets you easily access the Internet and your home network with the USB Wireless LAN Adapter UWA-BR100 (as of January 2010). By inserting the USB Wireless LAN Adapter into your TV’s USB port, you can easily create a cable-free network.

Before setting up the wireless LAN function of the TV, be sure to set up a wireless LAN

router.

The USB Wireless LAN Adapter is supplied or available as an optional accessory,

depending on your TV model. In some regions/countries, the USB Wireless LAN Adapter

may not be available.Connecting to Your Wireless LAN

Using the Wireless LAN Ready feature you can connect the TV to your wireless LAN. The set-up procedure differs depending on the type of wireless LAN and wireless LAN router.

Before setting up a wireless LAN, check your wireless LAN environment using the following chart.

Secure wireless LAN?

Do you use a wireless LAN router compatible with Wi-Fi Protected Set-up (WPS)?

YES

NO

(3)

(2)

(1)

(1)   Follow the configuration for “Network Set-up” and “Secured Network with Wi-Fi Protected Set-up (WPS)”.

(2)   Follow the configuration for “Network Set-up” and “Secured Network without Wi-Fi Protected Set-up (WPS)”.

(3)   Follow the configuration for “Network Set-up” and “Unsecured Network with Any Type of Wireless LAN Router”.

Network Set-up

“Network Set-up” helps you configure network settings with the settings wizard. Follow the instructions on the screen.

Press HOME, then select   > Network > Network Set-up.

The start-up screen allows you to select a setting procedure according to your network environment.

“View Network Status”: Select to confirm your network status.

“Wired Set-up”: Use to connect to a wired network.

“Wireless Set-up”: Use to connect to a wireless network.

Secured Network with Wi-Fi Protected Set-up (WPS)

The WPS standard makes set-up of a secure wireless home network as straightforward as pressing the WPS button on the wireless LAN router. Before setting up a wireless LAN, check the position of the WPS button on the router and verify how to use it.

1. Select “Wireless Set-up” from the “Network Set-up” start-up screen.2. Select “WPS (Push Button)” for Push Button method or “WPS (PIN)” for PIN

method.3. Follow the instructions that appear on the set-up screen.

To connect to a wireless LAN with WPS, your wireless LAN router needs to support the

WPS standard.Secured Network without Wi-Fi Protected Set-up (WPS)

For setting up a wireless LAN, SSID (wireless network name) and security key (WEP or WPA key) will be required. If you do not know them, consult the instruction manual of your router.

1. Select “Wireless Set-up” from the “Network Set-up” start-up screen.2. Select “Scan”, then select a network from the list of scanned wireless networks.3. Follow the instructions that appear on the set-up screen.Unsecured Network with Any Type of Wireless LAN Router

For setting up a wireless LAN, SSID (wireless network name) will be required. Security key (WEP or WPA key) will not be required because you need to select no security method in this procedure.

1. Select “Wireless Set-up” from the “Network Set-up” start-up screen.2. Select “Scan”, then select a network from the list of scanned wireless networks.3. Follow the instructions that appear on the set-up screen.

BRAVIA™ HD TV (LED & LCD)

Download For KDL-46EX700

System Software Update (Version PKG4.110GAL) For Asia

Article ID:495170(modified 17-Apr-2012)

Applicable Models

 

Please read all information thoroughly before downloading and installing any files.

What does this download do?

 

IMPORTANT: This software is only for use with the products identified and sold in Australia, India,

Indonesia, Malaysia,Middle East & Africa, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, South Africa, Thailand or

Vietnam. Not all models are sold in all countries.

What does this do?

Sony has designed the BRAVIA® Televisions software update process to be customer friendly. This software

update (version 4.110GAL) provides the following benefits:

Improvements over earlier version:

Improves performance and stability of the Internet TV features.

How to Check if You Need the Update 

Please follow the steps below to check your television's software version to determine if it needs this software

update:

1. On the TV remote control, press the "HOME" button to open the TV Home Menu (XMB™).

2. On the remote control, use the arrows   to select the Settings icon.

3. Use the arrows to highlight the Product Support icon, and then press the EXECUTE Button   on the remote

control.

4. Use the arrows to highlight the System Information icon, and then press the EXECUTE Button   on the remote

control.

5. The software version number will be displayed at the bottom of the System Information screen. If your software

version is 4.110GAL or higher, your TV does not need this update.

Important Notes 

WARNING!! This update is permanent. After performing this update it is not possible to return to or install a

previous version of the system software. By downloading and installing this update, you acknowledge that you

understand this update cannot be reversed.

If your television’s software version is 4.110GAL or higher, your TV does not need this update.

Note: If your television is connected to the Internet, the software may have already been updated.

If you decide to download the update, a USB storage device, such as a Sony® Micro Vault® device, or

something similar, is required to perform the update. Sony is aware that not all USB storage devices are

compatible with our TVs. If the software update does not automatically begin when you connect the USB storage

device to the TV, you may need to format your device to the FAT32 file system, or use a different device. View

formatting instructions and the list of compatible USB storage devices.

It is highly recommended that you print out these instructions for use as a reference during the installation

process.

Terms & Conditions

  I have agreed with the Terms & Conditions

Please agree with the Terms & Conditions

Download and Operation Instructions

File Description Date Version Size Download

1. sony_tvupdate_2010_0510_gal_.zip 17-Apr-2012 4.110GAL 34.70

MBDownload

File Description Date Version Size Download

File Description Date Version Size Download

Applicable Models

Download and Transfer the Update File to Your USB Storage Device

1. Download the sony_tvupdate_2010_0510_gal_.zip file to a temporary or download directory (please note this

directory for reference) on your computer.

2. Go to the directory where the file was downloaded and verify that the size of

thesony_tvupdate_2010_0510_gal_.zip file is 36,485,395 bytes.

a. Right-click the sony_tvupdate_2010_0510_gal_.zip file, and click "Properties".

b.. On the "sony_tvupdate_2010_0510_gal_.zip Properties" screen, verify that the "Size:" listed is "34.7 MB

(36,485,395 bytes)".

Note: The "Size on disk:" listed may be different. That is normal.

c. If the file size is different than the "36,485,395 bytes", please download thesony_tvupdate_2010_0510_gal_.zip file

again.

3. Extract the update file from the sony_tvupdate_2010_0510_gal_.zip file.

For Microsoft® Windows Vista® or Windows® 7 operating system:

a. Go to the directory where the file was downloaded and right-click the sony_tvupdate_2010_0510_gal_.zip file, and

then click "Extract All.

b. At the "Extract Compressed (Zipped) Folders" window, click "Extract"

c. A new folder will be created called "sony_dtv0FA00A00A0A0_00020201"

For Windows XP operating system:

a. Go to the directory where the file was downloaded and right-click the sony_tvupdate_2010_0510_gal_.zip file, and

then click "Extract All.

b. At the "Extraction Wizard" dialog box, click "Next".

c. Click "Next".

d. Click "Finish".

e. A new folder will be created called "sony_dtv0FA00A00A0A0_00020201"

For Macintosh® OS X operating system:

a. Go to the location where the file was downloaded and double-click the sony_tvupdate_2010_0510_gal_.zipfile.

File Description Date Version Size Download

b. A new folder will be created called "sony_dtv0FA00A00A0A0_00020201"

4. Format a compatible USB storage device to the FAT32 file system and connect it to your computer. View formatting

instructions and the list of compatible USB storage devices.

5. Transfer the update folder to the USB storage device:

For Windows® XP operating system: Go to the directory where the folder was created, right-click the

sony_dtv0FA00A00A0A0_00020201 folder and, from the menu, click "Send To...", and then click the drive (EX:

Removable Disk E:) that represents your USB device. The update folder will be copied onto your USB device.

For Macintosh® OS X operating system: Drag and drop the sony_dtv0FA00A00A0A0_00020201 folder to the root

folder of the USB device.

Note: The update will not be performed if the folder structure, name of the folder, or name of the file inside the folder

is modified.

6. Remove the USB device from your computer.

7. Please continue to the next section.

Updating the Software 

Note: The software update takes approximately five minutes to complete. During the update process, the screen on your

BRAVIA television will display progress information, or may be blank. This is normal. Please do not remove the USB

storage device until the update is complete.

WARNING! Do not turn off the TV set or disconnect it from the power supply during the update process. Doing so

may damage your TV set and make it unusable, or may require service.

WARNING! Do not press any button, except as instructed, until the update is complete. Doing so may damage your

TV set and make it unusable, or may require service.

1. Power on the TV.

2. Insert the USB storage device into the USB port located on the side of the TV.

Note: The USB storage device can only be inserted into the USB port slot one way.

File Description Date Version Size Download

3. Once the USB storage device has been detected, a message appears indicating that the files are being updated.

WARNING! Do not turn off the TV set or disconnect it from the power supply during the update process. Doing so

may damage your TV set and make it unusable, or may require service.

4. A series of different messages will appear on the TV set. Please follow the on screen instructions.

5. During the update the POWER indicator will be green for 30 seconds, followed by the PIC OFF/TIMER indicator slowly

flashing amber, and the STANDBY indicator is red. After several minutes, the TV will turn off and then turn back on to

complete the update.

6. Please wait until a message appears indicating "The system update is complete."

File Description Date Version Size Download

or indicating "Newer version not detected."

7. Remove the USB device from the TV, and then click "OK" by pressing the EXECUTE Button on the remote control.

8. Delete the update files from the USB device, or reformat the USB device.

9. The update process is now complete.

Update Verification (optional)

Please follow the steps below to verify that the software was successfully updated:

1. On the TV remote control, press the "HOME" button to open the TV Home Menu (XMB™).

2. On the remote control, use the arrows to select the Settings icon.

3. Use the arrows to highlight the Product Support icon, and then press the EXECUTE Button on the remote control.

4. Use the arrows to highlight the System Information icon, and then press the EXECUTE Button on the remote

control.

5. The software version number will be displayed at the bottom of the System Information screen. If your software

version is 4.110GAL, the update was successful.

FAQs about System Software Update

Will my personal settings be deleted after the update?

All user settings will be kept.

Can I install an older version of Firmware?

Installation of older firmware is not supported to ensure your TV set remains at optimum performance.

File Description Date Version Size Download

During the update process, the TV turns off?

It is normal for the TV set to restart during the update process. You may experience the TV set taking a longer than normal

time for it to restart as it is installing the new firmware.

Either message "An error occurred during the software update" or “Software cannot be updated using this USB device”

is displayed on the TV front panel display.

Please proceed with the following procedure:

1. Verify your USB device is in good working order and follow the download process again.

2. Turn off the TV by pressing the POWER button on the TV set.

3. Press the POWER button again, and proceed with the installation process again.

4. "Newer version not detected." is displayed on the TV front panel display. Your TV set already has newer firmware

installed.