How to give “PICI” Feedback

Visualize…

Think of a time when you had a difficult time learning something.

What did the instructor do to assist you in learning it?

Was it successful? Why or why not?

Why are feedback routines important?

They are effective and efficientThey significantly reduce the time required

for student mastery of a strategyTeachers are much more likely to continue

teaching a strategyStudents and teachers have more positive

feelings about learning

Evidence for corrective feedback

Kline et al. (1990) Development and validation of feedback routines for instructing students with learning disabilities, Learning Disabilities Quarterly, pp. 191-207.

Bartholomae, D. (1980) The study of error. College Composition and Communication, 31, 253-269.

What is PICI feedback?

PositiveIndividualCorrectiveImmediate

Positive

Elicit positive statements from the student about their work

SincereRatio of 3-4 positives for every 1 negative

Brief

Negative feedback about Positive Feedback (OR what mistakes to avoid)

“Good job” syndrome (not specific enough)Making judgments or drawing conclusions about a student

(You are so smart)Calling attention to yourself (I like the way…)

Individual

Age appropriateSpecific to the taskBased on effortSincereNot embarrassingSHHHH- sometimes it should be private

Corrective

Specific to the task—describe a method for avoiding that error in the future

Strategic—so they can repeat it in other situations

Model how to get the correct answer, if necessary.

Practice it with the student until they get it.

Immediate

Grade it, as soon as possibleCategorize the error—figure out where

the student is “going wrong”Describe the error and show examplesHave the student complete another

example with guidanceHave the student complete an example

independentlyThen go on to the NEXT error category

Which is worse?

Positive feedbackNo feedbackNegative feedback

Let’s Brainstorm

Let’s think of as many ways as we can to give someone positive feedback!

Can you think of a way to use PICI feedback for behavior?

HOW TO INTEGRATE A POSITIVE FEEDBACK

ROUTINE INTO YOUR WORK WITH STUDENTS

PICI Checklist