byCatherine Dawson

Chapter No. 13 Presenter: Hira Mukhtar

A Practical Guide toResearch Methods

How to be an Ethical Researcher

Outline of this session Objectives Introduction of Research Ethics Covert and Overt Research Ethical Principles of Research Ethics of Research & Code of Ethics Ethic of Reciprocity Conclusion Works Cited Self-assessment Question/Answer session

Objectives

By the end of this talk, you will be able to understand:

the meaning of ‘Ethics’ and its importance, particularly in research

the difference between Covert and Overt Research

responsibility of a researcher towards the human participants

the main points of Code of Ethics

Research Ethics means…

Nothing other than treating the participants and the information they provide, with honesty and respect

The two methods of Research

Covert ResearchThe researcher’s identity is unknown as he works under cover

Overt ResearchThe research is open and the public knows the researcher and what he is doing

Covert ResearchIt is good because

it’s the only way to know the internal issues of any organization

nothing is hidden from the researcher

It is bad because researcher’s

personal safety is at risk

researcher’s contacts are unsafe

it can give researcher a bad name

it can discourage people from taking part in research

Overt ResearchIt is good because

honesty is there people are well-

informed researcher is

treated with respect

no risk of personal safety is there

It is bad because people hide the

sensitive issues they are often shy of

talking to a strangerer

it takes time to develop rapport

sometimes people demand benefits to help

COVE

RT

OVER

T

Which one is right?

Covert vs. Overt

Both have their pros and cons

Covert research should be avoided as far as possible

Overt research should be preferred

Three Ethical Principles That Govern Research

Autonomy

Beneficence

Justice

Ethics of Research

Disclosure Understanding Voluntariness Competence Consent Avoiding Deception

Code of Ethics

Informed Consent Privacy Confidentiality Fairness (No deception) Safety of Researcher Right to Comment The Final Report Data Protection

Do unto others as you would have them do unto you

Golden Rule / Ethic of Reciprocity

So one may say that….

Ethics in research means doing the right thing the right way

Being open is better than working under cover

Shortcuts should be avoided The participants should be taken on board A code of ethics should be developed and

shared with the participants Be in the participants’ shoes to feel what

they feel

Always Remember

Works Cited

Dawson, Catherine: A Practical Guide to Research Methods: A user-friendly manual for mastering research techniques and projects: 2007 3rd Edition How to books publication

http://www.slideshare.net/MaiJoy/research-methodology-ethical-issues-in-research-an-assignment

http://architecturaldesignthesis.blogspot.com/ http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?

q=cache:IhawehIkYcoJ:www.ahc.umn.edu/img/assets/26104/Research_Ethics.pdf+&cd=4&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=pk

Self-assessmentHave I met my objectives?

Have you understood: the meaning of ‘Ethics’ and its

importance, particularly in research?

the difference between Covert and Overt research?

responsibility of a researcher towards the human participants?

the main points of Code of Ethics?