How Organisms Interact in Communities. Objectives Describe coevolution Predict how coevolution can...
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Transcript of How Organisms Interact in Communities. Objectives Describe coevolution Predict how coevolution can...
ObjectivesDescribe coevolutionPredict how coevolution can affect
interactions between species Identify the distinguishing features of
symbiotic relationship
Interactions Among SpeciesSome interactions among species are the
result of a long evolutionary history is which many of the participants adjust to one another over time
Coevolution: back and forth evolutionary adjustments between interacting members of a community
Predators and Prey CoevolvePredation: the act of one organism killing
another for food Predator: the organism that captures the
preyPrey: the organism that gets captured
Predators and Prey CoevolveParasitism: one organism feeds on and
usually lives on or in another, typically larger organisms
They do not usually kill their prey (host) Depend on host for food and place to live and
for reproduction http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vgkL8PulP
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Plant Defenses Against Herbivores Protect themselves with thorns, spines, and
prickles Chemical compounds that discourage
herbivores Secondary compounds: virtually all plants
contain these defensive compoundsAll plants make their own unique defense
chemical
How Herbivores Overcome Plant DefensesCertain herbivores are able to feed on plants
that are protected by chemical defenses Adaptations to these chemical defenses
Symbiotic SpeciesSymbiosis: two or more species live together
in a close, long-term association Symbiotic relationships can be:
Beneficial to both Benefit one organism and leave the other
harmed or unaffected
Mutualism Mutualism: symbiotic relationship in which
both participating species benefit Ex. Ants and aphids
CommensalismCommensalism:
symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped Sea anemones and
clown fish