1) How old do you think the boy is in this photograph? What does he appear to be selling?

2) Notice the man standing behind the boy. Who do you think he is?3) If you had the option of working for minimum wage (About

$60/day before taxes) instead of going to school every day, would you do it? Why?

DRILL

Social Reform in the workplace

Lewis Hine

What persuasive techniques can you find in this exhibit

panel?

What similar persuasive

techniques can you see in reform/aid

commercials today?

• Leader of the progressive crusade against child labor

• Traveled around the country lobbying for stricter laws against child labor

Florence Kelley

• A reform group that worked with other labor committees to pass laws restricting child labor.

• Though the NCLC got congress to pass laws in 1916 and 1919, the supreme court declared the laws unconstitutional.

National Child Labor Committee

Which constitutional amendment do you think the Supreme Court referenced to support their decision? How would have this law infringed

on citizen’s rights?

TriangleShirtwaist

Fire

Read the section “The Courts and Labor” on page 249, and take notes on what the two cases

were about and how the supreme court ruled in their decision. Also answer the following

question:

Why did the supreme court rule against Lochner v. New York but then rule in favor of Muller v.

Oregon?

Continue taking notes on the section “Labor Organizations” on pages 250-251. Define the following terms, and answer the question at the end.

• Capitalism• Socialism• Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)• The AFL (if you don’t remember it from last unit)

Which organization supported capitalism? Which supported socialism?

Women’s Suffrage and Temperance

Suffrage – The right to vote

Temperance – prohibition, making alcohol illegal

• By the late 1800s women were attending college like never before.

• In 1870 about 20% of college students were women. By 1910 that number doubles to 40%

• Many of these women become central figures in the various reform movements we’ve seen.

Progressive Women

These women hoped to use these degrees to become

doctors, scientists, etc. What challenges would they face to

get those jobs?

• During the 1870s a movement starts that claimed alcohol to be one of the primary sources of society’s problems.

• Women’s Christian Temperance Union – an organization that united many women in the fight against alcohol abuse

• Anti-Saloon League – Another organization against alcohol inspired by the WCTU

The Temperance Movement

Carry Nation pg 255

1919 - Outlawed “the manufacture, sale, or transportation” of alcoholic beverages

in the United States. (Prohibition)

The Eighteenth Amendment

Riding the wave of momentum from the temperance movement, women turned their attention to finally getting

the right to vote.

Read the sections “Resistance to Suffrage” and “Suffrage Organizations” and define the following terms and answer

the question at the end.• National American Woman Suffrage Association• National Woman’s Party• The Nineteenth AmendmentWhy was there so much resistance to women voting? What

were some of the opponents opinions?

Women’s Suffrage