HOW IS ELECTRICITY HOW IS ELECTRICITY PRODUCED?PRODUCED?

What's an electron?What's an electron?

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To understand what electricity is, we need to know what an atom is composed of

nucleus: protons neutrons

shell: electrons

Atomic model(Bohr 1913)

The movement of electrons through a wire is called electric current.

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CONDUCTOCONDUCTORR

DOES ELECTRIC CURRENT FLOW IN THE SAME DIRECTION?

NO

DOES ELECTRIC CURRENT FLOW IN THE SAME DIRECTION?

Types of electric current

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Direct Current (DC): All the electrons flow in only one

direction.Batteries generate direct current.

AC is short for alternating current. This means that the direction of current

flowing in a circuit is constantly being reversed back and forth.

What type of electric current do we get in our homes?

Alternating current

What type of electric current do we get in our homes?

Where is it generated?

Where is it generated?

ALTERNATING-CURRENT

GENERATOR

Long time ago human beings realized that there are many materials existing in nature that can attract iron, nickel, cobalt and their alloys.

Magnetism

Poles and lines of magnetic force

When we face two different poles,they are attracted.When we face the two same poles,they are repelled.

LINES OF MAGNETIC FIELD

Oersted´s experiment

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In 1820, a Danish scientist named Hans Oersted discovered that a magnetic

compass could be deflected from its resting position if a wire carrying electric

current were placed near the compass. This deflection of the compass only

occurred when current was flowing in the wire. When current was stopped, the

compass returned to its resting position.

So a wire with electric current produces a magnetic field around it.

Faraday´s Experiment.

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The English scientist Michael Faraday, discovered the opposite effect. He confirmed that if we move a magnet into a circle wire, it produces an electric current in it.

When we move an electric conductor in a magnetic field, it produces a induced electric current in this conductor.

ELECTRICITY

MAGNETISM

MOVEMENT

If we place a coil instead, and we make it turn, the induced current will be bigger.

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GENERATOR

MOVEMENT + MAGNETISM = ELECTRICITY

POWER STATION

We need to burn:- coal- petrol- natural gas- uranium.

Do you still think that electric cars are a good idea?