How GNSS changes mapping?
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Transcript of How GNSS changes mapping?
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State of the Map 2014
Can Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) change a way of
mapping?
Representative Director OpenStreetMap Foundation Japan
Hiroshi Miura
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apologize
● This presentation is made by previous great studies.
● Special thanks to Mr. Taro Suzuki, https://taroz.net/
● His extra-ordinary outcome, ex. GNSS-rador application, help this presentation.
● I've just shared a knowledge which was learned from these results.
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Talk plan
● Mapping in Japan● GNSS/GPS status● Satellites and mapping● Simple survey test● TODO
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OSM and Japan
● Started in 2008
Tokyo, 2007 → 2010
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Mapping in early days
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Armchair mapping
● 2010.10 -
● Bing! trace
● Import Yahoo!Japan's map data
● Permission to trace government data by Geospatial Information Authority of JAPAN
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Building and POIs
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Tunami changes
● Active crisis mappers
● HOT activity
● Disaster prevensionlocal communities
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Growing data/community
wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/User:Techstrom/JapanDataGreen/Orange: users/active users, blue: nodes
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Precise buildings/ POIs
f4map.com: Shinjuku, Tokyo
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F4map : Tsuruga-jo, Fukushima
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Precise mapping
● Next mapping targets are going to be:
– Building shape, size and height
– Condensed POI mapping
● It need a field survey
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GNSS/GPS status
Global Navigation Satellite Systems
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GPS
● Global Positioning System
● Oprated by USA
● 31 satellites
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GLONASS
● Russia
● Opens in 2007
● Operation 24, total 31 in 2014
● Compatible with GPS
● A high angle(64.8) of inclination
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Galileo
● EU introduced in 2002
– 4 testbed operated in 2014
– No open operation now.● 22 satellites budgeted
● Will be opened soon.
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Beidou/Compass
● China start in 2000BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS,北斗 星 航系卫 导 统 )
● In 2012, 16 satellites
● Regional support
● 30 sat in 2020
the figure is cited from EOPortal by ESAhttps://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/c-missions/cnss
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QZSS● Japan start its complimentary
satellite system QZSS: Quasi-Zenith Satellite System
● Nickname みちびきmeans “Navigator”
● RNSS: Regional Navigation Satellite System
● Operate 1 sat in 2014
"Qzss-45-0.09" by Tubas - {Systems Tool Kit (STK) - Analytical Graphics Inc www.agi.com}. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Qzss-45-0.09.jpg#mediaviewer/File:Qzss-45-0.09.jpg
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QZSS orbit operation
● 24h cycle
● 3 orbits
● Good for Asia-Pacific
● Minimum 3 satellites to work
● 4 sat buddged
CC BY-SA 3.0 by Hiroshi FUKUDAhttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Qzss-01-120s2.gif
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Satellites and mapping
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Satellites view and accuracy
http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html
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Japan
HDOP=0.6
http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.htmlHDOP: Horizontal Dilution of Precision
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Japan: mask < 30deg
HDOP=0.8
http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html
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Argentina
HDOP=0.6
http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html
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Only GPS
HDOP=0.9
http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html
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GPS: mask < 30deg
sat3 - 8HDOP=1.2
With GLONASSsat6-10HDOP=1.0
http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html
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Satellites View difference
● Asia/Japan
● 25 – 35 sat
● higher angle
● GLONASS● Beidou● QZSS● GPS
● SA/Argentina
● 21 – 25 sat
● lower angle
● GLONASS● GPS
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In Future
● In Asia
● Galileo: 27
● GLONASS: 24
● BEIDOU: 32
● GPS: 32
● QZSS: 7
● IRNNS: 7**
● SBAS: 11***
● 7 systems
● In SA
● Galileo: 27
● GLONASS: 24
● BEIDOU: 32*
● GPS: 32
● SBAS: 11
● 5 systems(*) expand world wide in 2020(**) India (***) Satellite based Augumentation System
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Hardware?
● GNSS receiver/tracker (ex Garmin eTrex)
● iPhone (after 4S)
● Android smartphones (see wikipedia)
● Proffesional devices
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_smartphones_supporting_GLONASS_navigation
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Accuracy test
● Test device
– (1) DYI receiver● GPS + Beidou + QZSS
– (2) GNS2000 BT-GNSS● GPS+GLONASS+QZSS
● Reference
– Nokia LD-3W(GPS, SiRF III)
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GNSS Chips
ManifacturerProduct
channel
track systems note
MediaTekMT3339
66 22 GPS, GLONASSSBAS, QZSS
MediaTekMT3333
99 33 GPS, GLONASS, SBAS, QZSS, BEIDOU,Galileo(*)
GNS2000DYI
CSRSiRF Star V
52 ? GPS, GLONASS, SBAS,QZSS
BroadcomBCM47511
? ? GPS, GLONASS,SBAS, QZSS
iPhone, nexus
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Home made receiver
● GNSS module in $50-$100 range.
(*)experimental Beidou support
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connect smartphone
● Bluetooth-Serial module
● GNSS receiver sendNMEA-0183 sequence text in 9600, 1, N
● Simply send it to BT-serial
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NMEA-0183 sequence$GPGSV,1,1,00*79$BDGSV,1,1,00*68
$GNRMC,000130.289,V,,,,,0.00,0.00,060180,,,N*5D
$GNVTG,0.00,T,,M,0.00,N,0.00,K,N*2C
$GNGGA,000131.289,,,,,0,0,,,M,,M,,*56
$GNGLL,,,,,000131.289,V,N*64
$GPGSA,A,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,*1E
$BDGSA,A,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,*0F
$GPGSV,1,1,00*79
$BDGSV,1,1,00*68
$GNRMC,000131.289,V,,,,,0.00,0.00,060180,,,N*5C
$GNVTG,0.00,T,,M,0.00,N,0.00,K,N*2C
$GNGGA,000132.289,,,,,0,0,,,M,,M,,*55
$GNGLL,,,,,000132.289,V,N*67
$GPGSA,A,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,*1E
$BDGSA,A,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,*0F
$GPGSV,1,1,00*79$BDGSV,1,1,00*68
$GNRMC,000132.289,V,,,,,0.00,0.00,060180,,,N*5F
$GNVTG,0.00,T,,M,0.00,N,0.00,K,N*2C
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BT-GNSS handy receiver
● 4 parts
1. GNSS module
2. BT module
3. Power supply module(3.3V)
4. Battery: Li-ION(3V)
● Cost: 14,000JPY ( 130USD)
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● ex. GNS2000 by GNS GmbH, Germany
● GPS, GLONASS, QZSS, Galileo(*), SBAS
● iOS, Android, PC
BT-GNSS receiver
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Bluetooth GNSS for OSM
● Simple Android App
● GPLv3 licensed
● https://github.com/miurahr/bluegnss4osm
● Not (yet) on Google Play and/or F-droid
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Application images
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● TODO
– Design improvement
– Test on android versions
– Test with many receiver● How to join development
– as usual in github
– fork, modify and push
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Simple accuracy test
Beidou/GPSused 24 sat
Drifted to southbut good accuracy
GLONASS/GPSused 19sat
errors with building
13, Sept. 2014At Jujo, TokyoBuilding < 5 floorswidth of road 〜7m
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Simple Compare : GPS only
Low accuracyHDOP 1.3-5.04-8 sat used
GPSreceiverSiRF III
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Difference?
● There is no big difference?
– GPS only
– GPS+GLONASS
– GPS+BEIDOU+QZSS● Accuracy improvement to „Meter“ order
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TODO: Further study
● How to precise positioning to mapping?
– Accuracy: cm order
(ordinal receiver: meter order)● It should be handy for casual mappers
– Low price, easy to use.
– Other than professional device?
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TODO: GNSS library
● Free Software for Precision Positioning
● GNSS-SDRLIB(Software Defind Radio library)
– Process GNSS radio wave directly
– https://github.com/taroz/GNSS-SDRLIB
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TODO: RTK software
● RTKLIB(Open Source Program Package for GNSS Positioning)
– http://www.rtklib.com/
– sub - meter positioning support
– Google play: RTKGPS+ (Android frontend of RTKLIB)● goGPS project
– http://www.gogps-project.org/
– improve the positioning accuracy of low-cost (single-frequency) GPS devices by RTK technique
● Hardware: Android tab + DYI receiver?
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wrap up
● Changes mapping way
● Precise mapping on survey
● Growing satellites numbers
● Products already support GLONASS
● Simple test with DYI receiver and App
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SotM Japan 2014
13, December 2014 @ Tokyo University
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Thanks/contact/reference
● OSMFJ
http://osmf.jp/
● SotM JP 2014
https://stateofthemap.jp/
● OSM Japan
https://openstreetmap.jp/
● Facebookhttps://www.facebook.com/groups/158469420871592/
● Emailtalk-ja ML
general [email protected]@osmf.jp
● RTKLIB/GNSS-SDRLIB
http://www.rtklib.com/
–